Research Plan for Joint Ph D Program
Name
Surname First name
Gender
Date of birth (yymmdd)
College
Major
Domestic supervisor
Hosting foreign country
Hosting foreign institution
Hosting faculty or department
Hosting foreign supervisor
Area of research
Duration of study
months (from to )
RESEARCH PROJECT
TITLE Catalytic conversion of biomass to biochemicals
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT
The 21st century is an era with a rapidly declining supply of petroleum and chemical resources The economic growth around the globe is increasingly driving more need for energy and chemicalsThe Statistics of BP energy of the worldprovides an authritive analysis of the situation of current resources in petroleum and chemicals The petroleum reserves on the Earth can only sustain its production for about another 40 years and those of coal and natural gas can sustain for another respectively 65 and 155 years Currently most countries in the world suffer from a shortage of energy resources Renewable energy are especially attractive alternative The utilization of fossil fuel results in green house effect and environmental pollution Therefore the exploitation of renewable energy in a large scale has already become a crucial part of energy strategies of every nation for future use The conference of environment and development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 made the sustainable development one of agendas in the 21st century To the question in Rio declaration the US Chemical Industry made plans for from the time being to the year 2020 Reports about catalysis propose that renewable biochemical matters can be used as feeds especially sugar cellulose and other carbohydrates that can be used in the production of chemicals with high added value Biochemical matters are abundant For example glucose fructose cellulose and etc are renewable and as feed as carbon neutral in green house gas emission They are potential alternative resources and are expected to play an important role in chemical production in the future
In recent years investigation in this field has gradually become a hot topic in all major research institutions but the need for new technologies and the cost of production are still unresolved for broad utilization of biochemical resources Chemical processing can potentially address these issues Biochemical raw materials undergo conversion by catalysis which can decrease the cost of production and make the utilization of resources more energy efficient
REVIEW OF THE CURRENT RESEARCHES IN CHINA AND ABROAD
In China in the field of catalytic transformations of biomass KouYuan’s group of Beijing University is famous for their study on catalytic conversion of cellulose to C6alcohol Their work was published in JACS in 2006[1] Li Hexing’s group of Shanghai Normal University has also done some excellent researches on hydrogenation of glucose They found a series of high activity amorphous alloy catalysts and some papers have been published in the journals such as J Catal ApplCatal and Catal Today [234]
At present there are several research teams engage in the study on the catalytic conversion of biomass all over the world of which two research groups in this field have done outstanding work including James A Dumesic’s Group of American University of Wisconsin and Claude Moreau’s Group of the Organic catalysis and Catalytic materials Laboratory in Montpellier France
5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important biochemical and petrochemical intermediates HMF and its
ensuing 25 disubstituted furan derivatives have great potential to be substitutes for the petrochemical materials They can be used in the production of plastics fine chemicals antifungal agents pharmaceuticals and even can be utilized to produce liquid alkanes and liquid fuels The PNNL uses ionic liquids as a new type of sugarsoluble solvent to provide a new reaction system for the catalytic conversion of sugars Through a series of tests on inorganic salts they find an important catalyst (chromium(Ⅱ) chloride) that can catalyze the conversion of fructose and glucose to HMF with high yield Through modification and modulation of the reaction phases James A Dumesic’s Group designed a biphase reaction system Through the modulation ratio of DMSO MIBK PVP and water they obtain a high yield of HMF from fructose glucose and even some polysaccharides such as sucrose and inulin They are also trying to industrialize their product Claude Moreau’s group using different types of ionic liquids and cation exchange resin as catalysts also find a high yield of HMF[910]
Some other labs also do their utmost to facilitate the utilization of biomass for instance Carlo Carlini’s group of Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry in Italy They have done researches on the dehydration of fructose over vanadium which has good activity [11]
CURRENT RESEARCH STAGE OF THE APPLICANT’S PROJECT IN CHINA
THE OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT
Due to energy shortage the development of new energy source has been one of the hottest research fields The biomassderived carbohydrates are abundant in China However little of them has been exploited The objective of this study is to contribute to the development that besides the traditional use of combustion renewable biomass resources will be also used in chemical engineering It is very important to find high efficient catalytic systems and to convert carbohydrates and cellulose into high added value fine chemical products In China few researchers are working on this topic We will explore new catalysts to promote biomass production
METHODOLOGIES
Firstly in the experiments we need to synthesize some ionic liquids with special properties The imidazolium ionic liquids are preferred so far Compared with alkylamine or pyridine they have lower melting point and viscosity which can support mild reaction conditions Because sugars could form hydrogen bonds with the organic nitrogen oxide group or electronegative anion sugars can dissolve more easily By using the solid carrier or heterogeneous catalyst (mineral salts or zeolites) in the ionic liquids highefficiency conversion can be realized
Data will be collected and analyzed with HPLC The NMR and MAS NMR are also needed for the structural analysis of the product and intermediate products which may explain the mechanism of the reaction
THE BACKGROUND OF THE HOSTING FOREIGN INSTITUTE ON THIS PROJECT
THE TIMELINE OF THE PROJECT
Sep1 2008Dec31 2008
1 Synthesis and characterization of conventional 1alkyl3alkylimidazolium halides ionic liquids
2 Synthesis and characterization of new designed ionic liquids with the organic nitrogen oxide functional group
3 Synthesis and characterization of nanosize and microsize particle zeolites
Jan1 2009Apr30 2009
1 Investigation on the production of HMF from fructose in conventional ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
2 Investigation on the production of HMF from fructose in new designed ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
3 To modify the catalytic system and optimize of reaction conditions to improve the yield of object production
4 To support the proper metal on the zeolite and study the catalytic performance
5 To study the influence on the structure and mutarotation of fructose and the stability of the production over the optimalizing catalyst
May1 2009Aug31 2009
1 Investigation on the production of HMF from glucose in ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
2 Investigation on the production of HMF from glucose in new designed ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
3 Discussion possible mechanism by the comparation with the reactions from fructose
4 To improve the purification processes of production
5 To study the recycle of the catalysts
THE STUDYWORK PLAN AFTER RETURNING TO CHINA
Continue to study on dehydration of fructose glucose Improve the yield of HMF by optimizing the reaction conditions
Design new catalysts and study possible reaction mechanism through experiments and quantum chemical calculations
Synthesize zeolites for the conversion of carbohydrates and characterize the three dimensional structure
of the zeolites
Study on the isomerization of glucose and fructose to find a suitable catalyst that makes it possible to converse glucose into high valueadded fine chemicals through onepot reaction
Study on the reactions of cellulose in ionic liquids to find a suitable catalyst for the conversion of cellulose
REFERENCE
SIGNATURE OF CHINESE SUPERVISOR：
Date(yymmdd)
SIGNATURE OF HOSTING US SUPERVISOR
Date(yymmdd)
文香网httpwwwxiangdangnet
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
Name
Surname First name
Gender
Date of birth (yymmdd)
College
Major
Domestic supervisor
Hosting foreign country
Hosting foreign institution
Hosting faculty or department
Hosting foreign supervisor
Area of research
Duration of study
months (from to )
RESEARCH PROJECT
TITLE Catalytic conversion of biomass to biochemicals
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT
The 21st century is an era with a rapidly declining supply of petroleum and chemical resources The economic growth around the globe is increasingly driving more need for energy and chemicalsThe Statistics of BP energy of the worldprovides an authritive analysis of the situation of current resources in petroleum and chemicals The petroleum reserves on the Earth can only sustain its production for about another 40 years and those of coal and natural gas can sustain for another respectively 65 and 155 years Currently most countries in the world suffer from a shortage of energy resources Renewable energy are especially attractive alternative The utilization of fossil fuel results in green house effect and environmental pollution Therefore the exploitation of renewable energy in a large scale has already become a crucial part of energy strategies of every nation for future use The conference of environment and development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 made the sustainable development one of agendas in the 21st century To the question in Rio declaration the US Chemical Industry made plans for from the time being to the year 2020 Reports about catalysis propose that renewable biochemical matters can be used as feeds especially sugar cellulose and other carbohydrates that can be used in the production of chemicals with high added value Biochemical matters are abundant For example glucose fructose cellulose and etc are renewable and as feed as carbon neutral in green house gas emission They are potential alternative resources and are expected to play an important role in chemical production in the future
In recent years investigation in this field has gradually become a hot topic in all major research institutions but the need for new technologies and the cost of production are still unresolved for broad utilization of biochemical resources Chemical processing can potentially address these issues Biochemical raw materials undergo conversion by catalysis which can decrease the cost of production and make the utilization of resources more energy efficient
REVIEW OF THE CURRENT RESEARCHES IN CHINA AND ABROAD
In China in the field of catalytic transformations of biomass KouYuan’s group of Beijing University is famous for their study on catalytic conversion of cellulose to C6alcohol Their work was published in JACS in 2006[1] Li Hexing’s group of Shanghai Normal University has also done some excellent researches on hydrogenation of glucose They found a series of high activity amorphous alloy catalysts and some papers have been published in the journals such as J Catal ApplCatal and Catal Today [234]
At present there are several research teams engage in the study on the catalytic conversion of biomass all over the world of which two research groups in this field have done outstanding work including James A Dumesic’s Group of American University of Wisconsin and Claude Moreau’s Group of the Organic catalysis and Catalytic materials Laboratory in Montpellier France
5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important biochemical and petrochemical intermediates HMF and its
ensuing 25 disubstituted furan derivatives have great potential to be substitutes for the petrochemical materials They can be used in the production of plastics fine chemicals antifungal agents pharmaceuticals and even can be utilized to produce liquid alkanes and liquid fuels The PNNL uses ionic liquids as a new type of sugarsoluble solvent to provide a new reaction system for the catalytic conversion of sugars Through a series of tests on inorganic salts they find an important catalyst (chromium(Ⅱ) chloride) that can catalyze the conversion of fructose and glucose to HMF with high yield Through modification and modulation of the reaction phases James A Dumesic’s Group designed a biphase reaction system Through the modulation ratio of DMSO MIBK PVP and water they obtain a high yield of HMF from fructose glucose and even some polysaccharides such as sucrose and inulin They are also trying to industrialize their product Claude Moreau’s group using different types of ionic liquids and cation exchange resin as catalysts also find a high yield of HMF[910]
Some other labs also do their utmost to facilitate the utilization of biomass for instance Carlo Carlini’s group of Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry in Italy They have done researches on the dehydration of fructose over vanadium which has good activity [11]
CURRENT RESEARCH STAGE OF THE APPLICANT’S PROJECT IN CHINA
THE OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT
Due to energy shortage the development of new energy source has been one of the hottest research fields The biomassderived carbohydrates are abundant in China However little of them has been exploited The objective of this study is to contribute to the development that besides the traditional use of combustion renewable biomass resources will be also used in chemical engineering It is very important to find high efficient catalytic systems and to convert carbohydrates and cellulose into high added value fine chemical products In China few researchers are working on this topic We will explore new catalysts to promote biomass production
METHODOLOGIES
Firstly in the experiments we need to synthesize some ionic liquids with special properties The imidazolium ionic liquids are preferred so far Compared with alkylamine or pyridine they have lower melting point and viscosity which can support mild reaction conditions Because sugars could form hydrogen bonds with the organic nitrogen oxide group or electronegative anion sugars can dissolve more easily By using the solid carrier or heterogeneous catalyst (mineral salts or zeolites) in the ionic liquids highefficiency conversion can be realized
Data will be collected and analyzed with HPLC The NMR and MAS NMR are also needed for the structural analysis of the product and intermediate products which may explain the mechanism of the reaction
THE BACKGROUND OF THE HOSTING FOREIGN INSTITUTE ON THIS PROJECT
THE TIMELINE OF THE PROJECT
Sep1 2008Dec31 2008
1 Synthesis and characterization of conventional 1alkyl3alkylimidazolium halides ionic liquids
2 Synthesis and characterization of new designed ionic liquids with the organic nitrogen oxide functional group
3 Synthesis and characterization of nanosize and microsize particle zeolites
Jan1 2009Apr30 2009
1 Investigation on the production of HMF from fructose in conventional ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
2 Investigation on the production of HMF from fructose in new designed ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
3 To modify the catalytic system and optimize of reaction conditions to improve the yield of object production
4 To support the proper metal on the zeolite and study the catalytic performance
5 To study the influence on the structure and mutarotation of fructose and the stability of the production over the optimalizing catalyst
May1 2009Aug31 2009
1 Investigation on the production of HMF from glucose in ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
2 Investigation on the production of HMF from glucose in new designed ionic liquids the influence of different transition metal catalysts and the characterization of the production
3 Discussion possible mechanism by the comparation with the reactions from fructose
4 To improve the purification processes of production
5 To study the recycle of the catalysts
THE STUDYWORK PLAN AFTER RETURNING TO CHINA
Continue to study on dehydration of fructose glucose Improve the yield of HMF by optimizing the reaction conditions
Design new catalysts and study possible reaction mechanism through experiments and quantum chemical calculations
Synthesize zeolites for the conversion of carbohydrates and characterize the three dimensional structure
of the zeolites
Study on the isomerization of glucose and fructose to find a suitable catalyst that makes it possible to converse glucose into high valueadded fine chemicals through onepot reaction
Study on the reactions of cellulose in ionic liquids to find a suitable catalyst for the conversion of cellulose
REFERENCE
SIGNATURE OF CHINESE SUPERVISOR：
Date(yymmdd)
SIGNATURE OF HOSTING US SUPERVISOR
Date(yymmdd)
文香网httpwwwxiangdangnet
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档