Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof writing ability and how to develop it You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section you will hear threenews reports At the end of each news report youwill hear two or three questions Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A) B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard
1 A) Annoyed
B) Scared
C) Confused
D) Offended
2 A) It crawled over the woman＇s hands
B) It wound up on the steering wheel
C) It was killed by the police on the spot
D) It was covered with large scales
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard
3 A) A study of the fastfood service
B) Fast food customer satisfaction
C) McDonald＇s new business strategies
D) Competition in the fastfood industry
4 A) Customers＇ higher demands
B) The inefficiency of employees
C) Increased variety of products
D) The rising number of customers
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard
5 A) International treaties regarding space travel programs
B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration
C) US government＇s approval of private space missions
D) Competition among public and private space companies
6 A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon
B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space
C) Work with federal agencies on space programs
D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars
7 A) It is significant
B) It is promising
C) It is unpredictable
D) It is unprofitable
Section B
Directions In this section you will hear two long conversations At the end of eachconversation you will hear four questions Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A) B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard
8 A) Visiting her family in Thailand
B) Showing friends around Phuket
C) Swimming around a Thai island
D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach
9 A) She visited a Thai orphanage
B) She met a Thai girl＇s parents
C) She learned some Thai words
D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach
10 A) His class will start in a minute
B) He has got an incoming phone call
C) Someone is knocking at his door
D) His phone is running out of power
11 A) He is interested in Thai artworks
B) He is going to open a souvenir shop
C) He collects things from different countries
D) He wants to know more about Thai culture
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard
12 A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym
B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers
C) Signing up for a weightloss course
D) Trying out a new gym in town
13 A) Professional personal training
B) Free exercise for the first week
C) A discount for a halfyear membership
D) Additional benefits for young couples
14 A) The safety of weightlifting
B) The high membership fee
C) The renewal of his membership
D) The operation of fitness equipment
15 A) She wants her invitation renewed
B) She used to do 200 situps every day
C) She knows the basics of weightlifting
D) She used to be the gym＇s personal trainer
Section C
Directions In this section you will hear three passages At the end of each passage you willhear three or four questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only onceAfter you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard
16 A) They tend to be nervous during interviews
B) They often apply for a number of positions
C) They worry about the results of their applications
D) They search extensively for employers＇ information
17 A) Get better organized
B) Edit their references
C) Find betterpaid jobs
D) Analyze the searching process
18 A) Provide their data in detail
B) Personalize each application
C) Make use of better search engines
D) Apply for more promising positions
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard
19 A) If kids did not like school real learning would not take place
B) If not forced to go to school kids would be out in the streets
C) If schools stayed the way they are parents were sure to protest
D) If teaching failed to improve kids would stay away from school
20 A) Allow them to play interesting games in class
B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments
C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents
D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays
21 A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace
B) Encourage kids to learn from each other
C) Organize kids into various interest groups
D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard
22 A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska
B) It is a major social activity among the young
C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion
D) It is even more expressive than the written word
23 A) It is located in a big city in Iowa
B) It is really marvelous to look at
C) It offers free dance classes to seniors
D) It offers people a chance to socialize
24 A) Their state of mind improved
B) They became better dancers
C) They enjoyed better health
D) Their relationship strengthened
25 A) It is fun
B) It is life
C) It is exhausting
D) It is rhythmical
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage withten blanks You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
Since the 1940s southern California has had a reputation for smog Things are not as bad asthey once were but according to the American Lung Association Los Angeles is still the worstcity in the United States for levels of 26 Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center anart museum in the Santa Monica Mountains one would find the view of the Pacific Oceanblurred by the haze (霾) Nor is the state＇s bad air 27 to its south Fresno in the centralvalley comes top of the list in America for yearround pollution Residents＇ hearts and lungsare affected as a 28 All of which combined with California＇s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed tomonitor pollution in 30 And that is just what Aclima a new firm in San Francisco has beendoing over the past few months It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 toyield minutetominute maps of 32 air pollution Such stations will also be able to keep aneye on what is happening inside buildings including offices
To this end Aclima has been 33 with Google＇s Street View system Davida Herzl Aclima＇sboss says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco＇s transit workerswent on strike and the city＇s 34 were forced to use their cars Conversely cycle to workdays have done their job by 35 pollution lows
A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) detail G)domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) outdoor M) pollutantsN) restricted O) sum
Section B
Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more thanonce Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
As Tourists Crowd Out Locals Venice Faces ＇Endangered＇ List
A) On a recent fall morning a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice＇s main touristsites the Rialto Bridge The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand CanalIt is the oldest bridge across the canal and was the dividing line between the districts of SanMarco and San Polo But on this day there was a twist it was filled with Venetians nottourists
B) People are cheering and holding their carts in the air says Giovanni Giorgio who helpedorganize the march with a grassroots organization called Generazione ＇90 The carts herefers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian It started as a joke hesays with a laugh The idea was to put blades on the wheels You know Like Ben HurPrecisely like that you just go around and run people down
C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world But that＇s a problem Up to90000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55000permanent residents The tourist increase is one key reason the city＇s population is downfrom 175000 in the 1950s The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing Andthose who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can＇t even get to the marketwithout swimming through a sea of picturesnapping tourists Imagine navigating through50000 people while on the way to school or to work
D) Laura Chigi a grandmother at the march says the local and national governments havefailed to do anything about the crowds for decades because they＇re only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice worth more than 3 billion in 2015 Venice is a cash cowshe says and everyone wants a piece
E) Just beyond St Mark＇s Square a cruise ship passes one of hundreds every year thatappear over their medieval (中世纪) surroundings Their massive wake creates waves atthe bottom of the sea weakening the foundations of the centuriesold buildings themselves Every time I see a cruise ship I feel sad Chigi says You see the mud it drags thedestruction it leaves in its wake That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the cityunderwater One day we＇ll see Venice break down
F) For a time UNESCO the cultural wing of the United Nations seemed to agree Two yearsago it put Italy on notice saying the government was not protecting
Venice UNESCOconsiders the entire city a World Heritage Site a great honor that means Venice at thecultural level belongs to all of the world＇s people In 2014 UNESCO gave Italy two years tomanage Venice＇s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—WorldHeritage In Danger joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra destroyed by the war in Syria
G) Venice＇s deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer just as UNESCO wasmeeting in Istanbul Only one representative Jad Tabet from Lebanon tried to raise theissue For several years the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening and it hasnow reached a dramatic situation Tabet told UNESCO We have to act quickly—there isnot a moment to waste
H) But UNESCO didn＇t even hold a vote It＇s been postponed until 2017 says Anna Somersthe founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril a groupdevoted to restoring Venetian art She says the main reason the UN cultural organizationdidn＇t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO hasbecome intensely politicized There would have been some backroom negotiations
I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the worldgranting it considerable power and influence within the organization The former head of theUNESCO World Heritage Centre which oversees heritage sites is Francesco Bandarin aVenetian who now serves as UNESCO＇s assistant directorgeneral for culture
J) Earlier this year Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police artdetectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disastersand terror groups such as ISIS The accord underlined Italy＇s global reputation as a goodsteward of art and culture
K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites indeveloping and conflictridden countries—would be an international embarrassment andcould even hurt Italy＇s profitable tourism industry The Italian Culture Ministry says it isunaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO As for the organization itself itdeclined a request for an interview
L) The city＇s current mayor Luigi Brugnaro has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its ownbusiness while continuing to support the cruise ship industry which employs 5000 Veniceresidents
M) As for Venetians they＇re beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon It＇s anightmare for me Some situations are really difficult with tourists around says Giorgio ashe navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge There are just so many of themThey never know where they are going and do not walk in an orderly manner Navigatingthe streets can be exhausting
N) Then it hits him This crowd isn＇t made up of tourists They＇re Venetians Giorgio says he＇snever experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years For once we are the oneswho are blocking the traffic he says delightedly It feels unreal It feels like we＇re someform of endangered species It＇s just nice The feeling is just pure But he worries iftourism isn＇t managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland his generationmight be the last who can call themselves native Venetians
36 The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings inVenice
37 The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures toprotect its cultural heritage
38 The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years
39 The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to theincrease of tourists
40 If tourism gets out of control native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day
41 UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice
42 The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100 localresidents
43 Ignoring UNESCO＇s warning the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city＇stourism industry
44 One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have onlyfocused on the revenues from tourism
45 UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) andD) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a longlasting positive impact on people＇smental wellbeing a study has suggested UK researchers found moving to a green spacehad a sustained positive effect unlike pay rises or promotions which only provided a shortterm boost Coauthor Mathew White
from the University of Exeter UK explained that thestudy showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs ofdepression or anxiety There could be a number of reasons he said for examplepeople do many things to make themselves happier they strive for promotion or pay risesor they get married But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a yearpeople are back to their original baseline levels of wellbeing So these things are notsustainable they don＇t make us happy in the long term We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than ￡500000 the positive effect was definitely there butafter six months to a year they were back to the baseline
Dr White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lastingpositive effect on people＇s sense of wellbeing or whether the effect also disappeared after aperiod of time To do this the team used data from the British Household Panel Surveycompiled by the University of Essex
Explaining what the data revealed he said What you see is that even after three yearsmental health is still better which is unlike many other things that we think will make ushappy He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed and less stressedpeople made more sensible decisions and communicated better
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and apositive impact on human wellbeing Dr White said There＇s growing interest among publicpolicy officials but the trouble is who funds it What we really need at a policy level is todecide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces
46 According to one study what do green spaces do to people
A) Improve their work efficiency
B) Add to their sustained happiness
C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life
D) Lessen their concerns about material wellbeing
47 What does Dr White say people usually do to make themselves happier
A) Earn more money
B) Settle in an urban area
C) Gain fame and popularity
D) Live in a green environment
48 What does Dr White try to find out about living in a greener urban area
A) How it affects different people
B) How strong its positive effect is
C) How long its positive effect lasts
D) How it benefits people physically
49 What did Dr White＇s research reveal about people living in a green environment
A) Their stress was more apparent than real
B) Their decisions required less deliberation
C) Their memories were greatly strengthened
D) Their communication with others improved
50 According to Dr White what should the government do to build more green spaces incities
A) Find financial support
B) Improve urban planning
C) Involve local residents in the effort
D) Raise public awareness of the issue
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
You probably know about the Titanic but it was actually just one of three stateoftheart (先进) ocean ships back in the day The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland &Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company The Olympic classincluded the Olympic the Britannic and the Titanic What you may not know is that the Titanicwasn＇t even the flagship of this class All in all the Olympic class ships were marvels of seaengineering but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates
The Olympic launched first in 1910 followed by the Titanic in 1911 and lastly the Britannic in1914 The ships had nine decks and White Star Line decided to focus on making them themost luxurious ships on the water
Stretching 26913 meters the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology andeveryone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time However allsuffered terrible accidents on the open seas The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic didbut it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years The Titanicwas the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912 Following this disasterthe Britannic
hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well
Each ship was coalpowered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crewsbelow deck Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship＇s smoke stacks but thefourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose While twoof these ships sank they were all designed with double hulls (船体) believed to make themunsinkable perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic＇s and the Britannic＇s tragic end
The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship andtroop transport in World War I Eventually she was taken out of service in 1935 ending theera of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners
51 What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships
A) They performed marvellously on the sea
B) They could all break the ice in their way
C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes
D) They were models of modern engineering
52 What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships
A) Their capacity of sailing across all waters
B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy
C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind
D) The long voyages they were able to undertake
53 What is said about the fourth stack of the ships
A) It was a mere piece of decoration
B) It was the work of a famous artist
C) It was designed to let out extra smoke
D) It was easily identifiable from afar
54 What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic
A) Their unscientific designs
B) Their captains＇ misjudgment
C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology
D) The belief that they could never sink with a doublelayer body
55 What happened to the ship Olympic in the end
A) She was used to carry troops
B) She was sunk in World War I
C) She was converted into a hospital ship
D) She was retired after her naval service
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto English You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2
公交车中国出行交通工具年私家车数量断增城市交通问题越越严重许城市鼓励更坐公交车出行直努力改善公交车服务质量车辆设施断更新车速显著提高然公交车票价然相低廉现数城市许老年市民免费坐公交车
2018年6月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Writing Ability and How toDevelop It
As the most productive and communicative way to express ourselves writing is attachedgreat importance in all ages Whether we want to improve our writing skills as a creativewriter or simply perfect our skills for schoolwork we can take some steps to learn how to bea better writer
Firstly in order to make our writing creative and imaginative brainstorming is one of thekey elements to build up a unique topic Don＇t hesitate to take down all the ideas that comeinto our mind Secondly a good development of our writing is based on a clear structure orparagraph organization Even a simple outline will help us see the big picture and save ushours of rewriting Finally diversity of vocabulary and grammar used in writing is highlyrecommended for the reason that one of the most common manifestations of bad writing isoveruse or reuse of simple language
To sum up we should take practice and expand our knowledge to become a great writerWith enough hard work and scientific techniques we will amaze not only ourselves but alsoanybody else
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1 B) Scared
2 D) It was covered with large scales
3 A) A study of the fastfood service
4 C) Increased variety of products
5 C) US government＇s approval of private space missions
6 A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon
7 B) It is promising
8 D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach
9 A) She visited a Thai orphanage
10 D) His phone is running out of power
11 C) He collects things from different countries
12 D) Trying out a new gym in town
13 C) A discount for a halfyear membership
14 A) The safety of weightlifting
15 C) She knows the basics of weightlifting
16 B) They often apply for a number of positions
17 A) Get better organized
18 B) Personalize each application
19 B) If not forced to go to school kids would be out in the streets
20 D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays
21 D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand
22 C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion
23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize
24 A) Their state of mind improved
25 B) It is life
Part III Reading Comprehension
2635 MNCJF KLBIE
3645 EJGCN FBLDH
4655 BACDA CBADD
Part IV Translation
Buses used to be the main means of transportation for the Chinese people In recent yearswith the number of private cars increasing cities have been facing increasingly severe trafficproblems To encourage more people to travel by bus many cities have been makingefforts to improve bus services Bus facilities have been continuously renovated and busspeed has also increased dramatically However bus fares are still cheap Now in mostcities many local elderly citizens can take a bus for free
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Directions For this part you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof writing ability and how to develop it You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section you will hear threenews reports At the end of each news report youwill hear two or three questions Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A) B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard
1 A) Annoyed
B) Scared
C) Confused
D) Offended
2 A) It crawled over the woman＇s hands
B) It wound up on the steering wheel
C) It was killed by the police on the spot
D) It was covered with large scales
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard
3 A) A study of the fastfood service
B) Fast food customer satisfaction
C) McDonald＇s new business strategies
D) Competition in the fastfood industry
4 A) Customers＇ higher demands
B) The inefficiency of employees
C) Increased variety of products
D) The rising number of customers
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard
5 A) International treaties regarding space travel programs
B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration
C) US government＇s approval of private space missions
D) Competition among public and private space companies
6 A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon
B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space
C) Work with federal agencies on space programs
D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars
7 A) It is significant
B) It is promising
C) It is unpredictable
D) It is unprofitable
Section B
Directions In this section you will hear two long conversations At the end of eachconversation you will hear four questions Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A) B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard
8 A) Visiting her family in Thailand
B) Showing friends around Phuket
C) Swimming around a Thai island
D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach
9 A) She visited a Thai orphanage
B) She met a Thai girl＇s parents
C) She learned some Thai words
D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach
10 A) His class will start in a minute
B) He has got an incoming phone call
C) Someone is knocking at his door
D) His phone is running out of power
11 A) He is interested in Thai artworks
B) He is going to open a souvenir shop
C) He collects things from different countries
D) He wants to know more about Thai culture
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard
12 A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym
B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers
C) Signing up for a weightloss course
D) Trying out a new gym in town
13 A) Professional personal training
B) Free exercise for the first week
C) A discount for a halfyear membership
D) Additional benefits for young couples
14 A) The safety of weightlifting
B) The high membership fee
C) The renewal of his membership
D) The operation of fitness equipment
15 A) She wants her invitation renewed
B) She used to do 200 situps every day
C) She knows the basics of weightlifting
D) She used to be the gym＇s personal trainer
Section C
Directions In this section you will hear three passages At the end of each passage you willhear three or four questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only onceAfter you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)B) C) and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard
16 A) They tend to be nervous during interviews
B) They often apply for a number of positions
C) They worry about the results of their applications
D) They search extensively for employers＇ information
17 A) Get better organized
B) Edit their references
C) Find betterpaid jobs
D) Analyze the searching process
18 A) Provide their data in detail
B) Personalize each application
C) Make use of better search engines
D) Apply for more promising positions
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard
19 A) If kids did not like school real learning would not take place
B) If not forced to go to school kids would be out in the streets
C) If schools stayed the way they are parents were sure to protest
D) If teaching failed to improve kids would stay away from school
20 A) Allow them to play interesting games in class
B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments
C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents
D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays
21 A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace
B) Encourage kids to learn from each other
C) Organize kids into various interest groups
D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard
22 A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska
B) It is a major social activity among the young
C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion
D) It is even more expressive than the written word
23 A) It is located in a big city in Iowa
B) It is really marvelous to look at
C) It offers free dance classes to seniors
D) It offers people a chance to socialize
24 A) Their state of mind improved
B) They became better dancers
C) They enjoyed better health
D) Their relationship strengthened
25 A) It is fun
B) It is life
C) It is exhausting
D) It is rhythmical
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage withten blanks You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
Since the 1940s southern California has had a reputation for smog Things are not as bad asthey once were but according to the American Lung Association Los Angeles is still the worstcity in the United States for levels of 26 Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center anart museum in the Santa Monica Mountains one would find the view of the Pacific Oceanblurred by the haze (霾) Nor is the state＇s bad air 27 to its south Fresno in the centralvalley comes top of the list in America for yearround pollution Residents＇ hearts and lungsare affected as a 28 All of which combined with California＇s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed tomonitor pollution in 30 And that is just what Aclima a new firm in San Francisco has beendoing over the past few months It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 toyield minutetominute maps of 32 air pollution Such stations will also be able to keep aneye on what is happening inside buildings including offices
To this end Aclima has been 33 with Google＇s Street View system Davida Herzl Aclima＇sboss says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco＇s transit workerswent on strike and the city＇s 34 were forced to use their cars Conversely cycle to workdays have done their job by 35 pollution lows
A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) detail G)domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) outdoor M) pollutantsN) restricted O) sum
Section B
Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more thanonce Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
As Tourists Crowd Out Locals Venice Faces ＇Endangered＇ List
A) On a recent fall morning a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice＇s main touristsites the Rialto Bridge The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand CanalIt is the oldest bridge across the canal and was the dividing line between the districts of SanMarco and San Polo But on this day there was a twist it was filled with Venetians nottourists
B) People are cheering and holding their carts in the air says Giovanni Giorgio who helpedorganize the march with a grassroots organization called Generazione ＇90 The carts herefers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a true Venetian It started as a joke hesays with a laugh The idea was to put blades on the wheels You know Like Ben HurPrecisely like that you just go around and run people down
C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world But that＇s a problem Up to90000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outnumbering the 55000permanent residents The tourist increase is one key reason the city＇s population is downfrom 175000 in the 1950s The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing Andthose who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can＇t even get to the marketwithout swimming through a sea of picturesnapping tourists Imagine navigating through50000 people while on the way to school or to work
D) Laura Chigi a grandmother at the march says the local and national governments havefailed to do anything about the crowds for decades because they＇re only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice worth more than 3 billion in 2015 Venice is a cash cowshe says and everyone wants a piece
E) Just beyond St Mark＇s Square a cruise ship passes one of hundreds every year thatappear over their medieval (中世纪) surroundings Their massive wake creates waves atthe bottom of the sea weakening the foundations of the centuriesold buildings themselves Every time I see a cruise ship I feel sad Chigi says You see the mud it drags thedestruction it leaves in its wake That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the cityunderwater One day we＇ll see Venice break down
F) For a time UNESCO the cultural wing of the United Nations seemed to agree Two yearsago it put Italy on notice saying the government was not protecting
Venice UNESCOconsiders the entire city a World Heritage Site a great honor that means Venice at thecultural level belongs to all of the world＇s people In 2014 UNESCO gave Italy two years tomanage Venice＇s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list—WorldHeritage In Danger joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra destroyed by the war in Syria
G) Venice＇s deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer just as UNESCO wasmeeting in Istanbul Only one representative Jad Tabet from Lebanon tried to raise theissue For several years the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening and it hasnow reached a dramatic situation Tabet told UNESCO We have to act quickly—there isnot a moment to waste
H) But UNESCO didn＇t even hold a vote It＇s been postponed until 2017 says Anna Somersthe founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril a groupdevoted to restoring Venetian art She says the main reason the UN cultural organizationdidn＇t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO hasbecome intensely politicized There would have been some backroom negotiations
I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the worldgranting it considerable power and influence within the organization The former head of theUNESCO World Heritage Centre which oversees heritage sites is Francesco Bandarin aVenetian who now serves as UNESCO＇s assistant directorgeneral for culture
J) Earlier this year Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police artdetectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disastersand terror groups such as ISIS The accord underlined Italy＇s global reputation as a goodsteward of art and culture
K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites indeveloping and conflictridden countries—would be an international embarrassment andcould even hurt Italy＇s profitable tourism industry The Italian Culture Ministry says it isunaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO As for the organization itself itdeclined a request for an interview
L) The city＇s current mayor Luigi Brugnaro has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its ownbusiness while continuing to support the cruise ship industry which employs 5000 Veniceresidents
M) As for Venetians they＇re beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon It＇s anightmare for me Some situations are really difficult with tourists around says Giorgio ashe navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge There are just so many of themThey never know where they are going and do not walk in an orderly manner Navigatingthe streets can be exhausting
N) Then it hits him This crowd isn＇t made up of tourists They＇re Venetians Giorgio says he＇snever experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years For once we are the oneswho are blocking the traffic he says delightedly It feels unreal It feels like we＇re someform of endangered species It＇s just nice The feeling is just pure But he worries iftourism isn＇t managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland his generationmight be the last who can call themselves native Venetians
36 The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings inVenice
37 The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures toprotect its cultural heritage
38 The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years
39 The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to theincrease of tourists
40 If tourism gets out of control native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day
41 UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice
42 The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100 localresidents
43 Ignoring UNESCO＇s warning the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city＇stourism industry
44 One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have onlyfocused on the revenues from tourism
45 UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) andD) You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a longlasting positive impact on people＇smental wellbeing a study has suggested UK researchers found moving to a green spacehad a sustained positive effect unlike pay rises or promotions which only provided a shortterm boost Coauthor Mathew White
from the University of Exeter UK explained that thestudy showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs ofdepression or anxiety There could be a number of reasons he said for examplepeople do many things to make themselves happier they strive for promotion or pay risesor they get married But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a yearpeople are back to their original baseline levels of wellbeing So these things are notsustainable they don＇t make us happy in the long term We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than ￡500000 the positive effect was definitely there butafter six months to a year they were back to the baseline
Dr White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lastingpositive effect on people＇s sense of wellbeing or whether the effect also disappeared after aperiod of time To do this the team used data from the British Household Panel Surveycompiled by the University of Essex
Explaining what the data revealed he said What you see is that even after three yearsmental health is still better which is unlike many other things that we think will make ushappy He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed and less stressedpeople made more sensible decisions and communicated better
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and apositive impact on human wellbeing Dr White said There＇s growing interest among publicpolicy officials but the trouble is who funds it What we really need at a policy level is todecide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces
46 According to one study what do green spaces do to people
A) Improve their work efficiency
B) Add to their sustained happiness
C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life
D) Lessen their concerns about material wellbeing
47 What does Dr White say people usually do to make themselves happier
A) Earn more money
B) Settle in an urban area
C) Gain fame and popularity
D) Live in a green environment
48 What does Dr White try to find out about living in a greener urban area
A) How it affects different people
B) How strong its positive effect is
C) How long its positive effect lasts
D) How it benefits people physically
49 What did Dr White＇s research reveal about people living in a green environment
A) Their stress was more apparent than real
B) Their decisions required less deliberation
C) Their memories were greatly strengthened
D) Their communication with others improved
50 According to Dr White what should the government do to build more green spaces incities
A) Find financial support
B) Improve urban planning
C) Involve local residents in the effort
D) Raise public awareness of the issue
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
You probably know about the Titanic but it was actually just one of three stateoftheart (先进) ocean ships back in the day The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland &Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company The Olympic classincluded the Olympic the Britannic and the Titanic What you may not know is that the Titanicwasn＇t even the flagship of this class All in all the Olympic class ships were marvels of seaengineering but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates
The Olympic launched first in 1910 followed by the Titanic in 1911 and lastly the Britannic in1914 The ships had nine decks and White Star Line decided to focus on making them themost luxurious ships on the water
Stretching 26913 meters the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology andeveryone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time However allsuffered terrible accidents on the open seas The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic didbut it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years The Titanicwas the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912 Following this disasterthe Britannic
hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well
Each ship was coalpowered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crewsbelow deck Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship＇s smoke stacks but thefourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose While twoof these ships sank they were all designed with double hulls (船体) believed to make themunsinkable perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic＇s and the Britannic＇s tragic end
The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship andtroop transport in World War I Eventually she was taken out of service in 1935 ending theera of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners
51 What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships
A) They performed marvellously on the sea
B) They could all break the ice in their way
C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes
D) They were models of modern engineering
52 What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships
A) Their capacity of sailing across all waters
B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy
C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind
D) The long voyages they were able to undertake
53 What is said about the fourth stack of the ships
A) It was a mere piece of decoration
B) It was the work of a famous artist
C) It was designed to let out extra smoke
D) It was easily identifiable from afar
54 What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic
A) Their unscientific designs
B) Their captains＇ misjudgment
C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology
D) The belief that they could never sink with a doublelayer body
55 What happened to the ship Olympic in the end
A) She was used to carry troops
B) She was sunk in World War I
C) She was converted into a hospital ship
D) She was retired after her naval service
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto English You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2
公交车中国出行交通工具年私家车数量断增城市交通问题越越严重许城市鼓励更坐公交车出行直努力改善公交车服务质量车辆设施断更新车速显著提高然公交车票价然相低廉现数城市许老年市民免费坐公交车
2018年6月四级部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
The Importance of Writing Ability and How toDevelop It
As the most productive and communicative way to express ourselves writing is attachedgreat importance in all ages Whether we want to improve our writing skills as a creativewriter or simply perfect our skills for schoolwork we can take some steps to learn how to bea better writer
Firstly in order to make our writing creative and imaginative brainstorming is one of thekey elements to build up a unique topic Don＇t hesitate to take down all the ideas that comeinto our mind Secondly a good development of our writing is based on a clear structure orparagraph organization Even a simple outline will help us see the big picture and save ushours of rewriting Finally diversity of vocabulary and grammar used in writing is highlyrecommended for the reason that one of the most common manifestations of bad writing isoveruse or reuse of simple language
To sum up we should take practice and expand our knowledge to become a great writerWith enough hard work and scientific techniques we will amaze not only ourselves but alsoanybody else
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1 B) Scared
2 D) It was covered with large scales
3 A) A study of the fastfood service
4 C) Increased variety of products
5 C) US government＇s approval of private space missions
6 A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon
7 B) It is promising
8 D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach
9 A) She visited a Thai orphanage
10 D) His phone is running out of power
11 C) He collects things from different countries
12 D) Trying out a new gym in town
13 C) A discount for a halfyear membership
14 A) The safety of weightlifting
15 C) She knows the basics of weightlifting
16 B) They often apply for a number of positions
17 A) Get better organized
18 B) Personalize each application
19 B) If not forced to go to school kids would be out in the streets
20 D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays
21 D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand
22 C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion
23 D) It offers people a chance to socialize
24 A) Their state of mind improved
25 B) It is life
Part III Reading Comprehension
2635 MNCJF KLBIE
3645 EJGCN FBLDH
4655 BACDA CBADD
Part IV Translation
Buses used to be the main means of transportation for the Chinese people In recent yearswith the number of private cars increasing cities have been facing increasingly severe trafficproblems To encourage more people to travel by bus many cities have been makingefforts to improve bus services Bus facilities have been continuously renovated and busspeed has also increased dramatically However bus fares are still cheap Now in mostcities many local elderly citizens can take a bus for free
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