Ⅰ单词拼写
1．Cindy lit a candle and held the letter to the flame (火焰) until it was all burned up
2．As is known to all Li Na is China＇s first French Open Tennis champion (冠军)．
3．The actor who is popular with the audience is one of the heavyweights (影响力) of the film and TV circle
4．The climbers failed in all their attempts (尝试) to climb the highest mountain in this country
5．Although the poem was written hundreds of years ago it still has a contemporary (现代) feel to it
6．The committee (委员会) judged it advisable to put off the meeting in such a situation
7．Thousands of football fans poured into the stadium (体育场) to watch the exciting football match
8．Jim always watches football match on television But he also likes basketball and gymnastics (体操)．
9．A(n) nation (民族) can become wiser and stronger as a result of change
Ⅱ拓展词汇
10．delighted adj愉快高兴→delight v &n()高兴快乐→delightful adj令高兴
11．significance n．重性意义→significant adj重
12．tradition n．传统风俗→traditional adj传统
13．compete vi赛竞争→competition n．赛→competitor n．赛者
14．honour n．尊敬荣幸节操荣誉vt尊敬尊重(某)→honourable adj光荣值尊敬品德高尚
15．absence n．缺席场存→absent adj场
16．excite vt激动兴奋→exciting adj令激动→excited adj激动兴奋
17．movement n．社会运动移动活动进展→move v．运动移动
[巧记单词]
例词
规律
派生词
delight＋ful→delightful
v＋ful→adj
tradition＋al→traditional
n＋al→adj
honour＋able→honourable
n＋able→adj
Ⅲ补全短语
1．by tradition 传统
2．take part in 参加
3．in honour of ……表示敬意纪念……
4．bring back to life ……复活
5．side by side 起肩排
6．realize one＇s dream 实现梦想
7．of all time 史()
8．come to sb＇s attention 引起某注意
9．make contributions to ……做出贡献
10．lead the way 领先
11．hang on (逆境中)坚持
12．pass on 转交传递
1．[教材原句]Today both male and female athletes from around the world can take part no matter what nation they come from
世界男女运动员国家参加赛
[句型点拨]no matter＋wh相whever引导步状语句
[佳句赏析]No matter whatWhatever reasons you may have you should carry out your promise
什理应遵守诺言
2．[教材原句]It was a Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin who brought the Olympics back to life
奥运会重生名皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦法国
[句型点拨]强调句型：It iswas thatwho
[佳句赏析]It was she who told him about the competition and encouraged him to go for it
正告诉关赛鼓励参加
3．[教材原句]He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace
梦想奥运会国民相处
[句型点拨]it作形式宾语
[佳句赏析]They make it possible to jump onto the office network and check your mail no matter where you happen to be at the moment
时处接通办公室网络检查邮件
4．[教材原句]I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country
坚信许海峰祖国摘第枚奥运金牌时候全体中国民肯定感豪
[句型点拨]情态动词＋have done表示发生事情推测
[佳句赏析]He must have left tired and that tiredness may have resulted in his falling asleep
应该感累劳累导致睡着
1．(教材P22)As a member of the International Olympic Committee I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games
作国际奥委会员高兴应邀前贵校家谈谈奥运会历史重意义
delighted adj愉快高兴
(1)(be) delighted atbywith sth ……感高兴
be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事
be delighted that 高兴……
(2)delight n 高兴
with delight 高兴
to one＇s delight 令某高兴
take delight in ……乐
(3)delightful adj 令愉快
①The delighted look on his face suggested that he was delighted with the result
脸高兴表情说明结果满意
②I shall be delighted to show you around the place
高兴领处转转
③The children unwrapped their Christmas presents with_delight
孩子高兴圣诞礼物拆开
④To_his_delight_his novel was well received
令高兴说受欢迎
[名师点津] delighted 常修饰表示感高兴修饰voice look expression等词
significance n．重性意义
(1)be of (great) significance
(重)意义(非常)重
be of no significance 意义重
be of little significance 太重
(2)significant adj 意义重
significantly adv 显著意味深长
⑤This new discovery of oil is of great significance to this area＇s economy
次新发现石油区济着重意义
⑥The proposals they put forward at the meeting were_of_little_significance
会提出建议足轻重
⑦Eating a good diet significantly reduces the risk of heart disease
良饮食惯减少患心脏病率
2．(教材P22)At the ancient Olympics by tradition the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes
古代奥运会传统运动员男性必须裸体竞技
tradition n．传统风俗
①Fireworks have long been a Chinese tradition on the Spring Festival Eve
夕放鞭炮直中国传统
(1)keep up fine tradition 保持优良传统
follow old traditions 袭旧
by tradition 传统
(2)traditional adj 传统惯例
traditionally adv 传统
②He promised that he would keep up the fine tradition
承诺保持优良传统
③By_tradition_it＇s the bridegroom＇s parents who pay for the wedding
传统俗新郎父母承担婚礼费
④Women are questioning their traditional roles in society as wives and mothers
妇女正社会中扮演妻子母亲传统角色提出疑问
compete vi赛竞争
compete withagainst ……竞争匹敌
compete in 参……竞争
compete for ……竞争
compete to do sth 竞争做某事
⑤Small independent bookstores can＇t compete with the big national chains
规模体书店竞争型全国连锁店
⑥He is hoping to_compete_in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games
期盼着参加2020年东京奥林匹克运动会
⑦The stores have to compete_for_customers in the Christmas season
圣诞节期间商店争夺顾客竞争
⑧Several advertising agencies are competing to_get (get) the contract
家广告公司竞争份合
[Word family]
[语境串记]
As the youngest competitor I had to compete in the writing contest against 20 other top students for the annual writing award I must be very competitive to be the winner
作年轻赛者必须外20顶尖学生写作赛中竞争争场年度写作奖成获胜者必须强竞争力
3．(教材P22)Single women were allowed to take part in their own competition at a separate festival in honour of Hera the wife of the Greek god Zeus
未婚女性参加竞技赛赛专门纪念希腊神话中众神王宙斯妻子赫拉节日举行
in honour of……表示敬意纪念……
①The Dragon Boat Festival is held in honour of the great poet Qu Yuan
端午节纪念伟诗屈原
do sb an honour to do sth 某面子做某事幸做某事
show honour to ……表示敬意
have the honour to do sth 荣幸做某事
on one＇s honour 某名誉担保
②Would you like to do me an honour to_have (have) a coffee with me
肯赏脸喝杯咖啡？
③Children should be taught to show honour to their elders
应该教育孩子尊敬长辈
④May I have the honour to_dance_with_you
跳舞？
[联想发散] 学in＋n＋of构成短语？完成列常短语
①in need of 需
②in praise of 表扬赞扬
③in favor of 支持
④in control of 控制
⑤in charge of 负责
⑥in search of 寻找
⑦in face of 面
⑧in memory of 纪念
4．(教材P23)At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics the People＇s Republic of China returned to the Olympics after 32 years＇ absence
1984年洛杉矶奥运会中华民国阔32年重返奥运会
absence n．缺席场存
(1)absence from schoolwork 缺课班
in the absence of 缺乏……时……时
in one＇s absence 某时某外出时
(2)absent adj 缺席
be absent from 缺席
①His absence from school was caused by illness
生病没学
②In_the_absence_of_stone_most houses in the area are built of wood
石料匮乏区房子数木头建造
③He is_absent_from work because he is ill
病缺勤
[语境串记]
When asked the reason for Jack＇s absence the students said he was absent from class because of fever
问起杰克缺席原时学生说发烧没课
5．(教材P23)At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men＇s 110metre hurdles
2004年雅典奥运会刘翔成第赢男子110米跨栏金牌亚洲时亚洲激动
excite vt激动兴奋
①What he said excited all the people present
说话场兴奋
excited adj 感激动兴奋
be excited atbyabout ……感激动兴奋
be excited to do sth 做某事感兴奋
be excited that 感激动兴奋……
②The excited children forgot to take the presents to the party
孩子兴奋忘礼物带聚会
③We are_all_excited_atbyabout your success in the experiment
实验取成功感兴奋
[Word family]
④They were excited when they heard the exciting news (excite)
听令兴奋消息兴奋
[名师点津] excited意感激动外物影响产生种状态exciting表示令激动事物身性质时excited描述关事物excited lookexpression等
6．(教材P23)The Chinese led the way at the 2008 Beijing Olympics winning 51 gold medals
中国2008年北京奥运会遥遥领先赢51枚金牌
lead the way领先带路
①The receptionist led the way to the meeting room
接员带路会议室
lead to 导致造成通
lead sb to do sth 某做某事
lead sb into 领着某进入……
lead a life 着……生活
②There is no doubt that stress can lead_to physical illness
毫疑问压力会导致生理疾病
③What led you to think the news was true and reliable
什认消息真实？
7．(教材P23)Yet she hung on to win the gold medal in the final match
然决赛中苦苦坚持终赢金牌
hang on(＝hold on)(逆境中)坚持抓紧挂断
①I hope that everyone will hang on until rescue arrives
希家挺住直救援
hang on to 紧紧抓住紧握
hang up (on sb) 挂断(某)电话
hang around 闲逛……闲
hang back 犹豫退缩
②Hang on to that rope and don＇t let go
抓紧根绳子松手
③If you see anyone hanging_around here tell them to leave
果闲逛走开
[语境串记]
Last weekend I phoned Mary and hung on for several minutes but in the end she hung up on me which made me angry I had to hang around in the street to calm down
周末电话玛丽等分钟挂电话非常气愤街闲逛静
8．(教材P23)These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the boundaries of human achievement
努力推进类成极限世界民带喜悦快乐奥林匹克运动员中部分
attempt n．& vt尝试 努力试图
①After repeated attempts they finally succeeded in doing the experiment
反复尝试终试验成功
试图做某事
at theone＇s first attempt (某)第次尝试时
(2)attempt to do sth 试图做某事努力做某事
②He made an attempt to finish the work all by himself but it was too difficult
试图独完成项工作太难
③She passed the interview successfully at_the_first_attempt
次成功通面试
④They attempted to_go (go) on with the work but they couldn＇t
想继续干没愿
9．Today both male and female athletes from around the world can take part no matter what nation they come from
世界男女运动员国家参加赛
句中no matter what相whatever引导步状语句no matterwhat who whom which where when how等疑问词连引导步状语句意…………换成疑问词ever
①No matter whatWhatever happens I will stand by you
发生什事会支持
②No_matter_whatWhatever you say he＇ll never believe you
说什会相信
[名师点津] whatever whichever whoever whomever等引导步状语句引导名词性句
③You can choose whatever you like
喜欢什选什(句中whatever引导宾语句换no matter what)
④Whoever breaks the law will be punished
违反法律会受惩罚(句中whoever引导语句换no matter who)
10．It was a Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin who brought the Olympics back to life
奥运会重生名皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦法国
句强调句型强调语a Frenchman
(1)强调句型基法：
①I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday
昨天火车站见李明
→强调语：It was I thatwho met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday
→强调宾语：It was Li Ming thatwho I met at the railway station yesterday
→强调点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday
→强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station
(2)强调句型特殊句式：
②Is it science and technology that have changed our life
科学技术改变生活？
③What is it that he wants to see
究竟想什？
④It_was_not_until_yesterday that I knew the truth
直昨天知道真相
[名师点津] 强调句型中果原句中谓语动词现时时itis 果原句中谓语动词时itwas
⑤It＇s_English that Prof Lin teaches us
林教授教英语
11．He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace
梦想奥运会国民相处
句中that 引导宾语句宾语句中含语＋动词＋it ＋adjn(forof sb)＋to do sth句式结构该句式中it形式宾语adjn宾语补足语定式真正宾语常种句型动词：think believe suppose consider feel make find等
①She has made it a rule to go out for a walk after supper
养成晚饭出散步惯
②I feel it_pleasant_to_work with you
觉事件令愉快事
[名师点津] 宾语补足语no useno gooduselessa waste of time 等词时真正宾语般采动名词形式
③I think it no use discussing the matter again
认讨事没处
④Do you consider it any good trying again
觉试会处？
Ⅰ单项填空
1．I feel greatly honoured ________ to their society
A．to welcome B．welcoming
C．to be welcomed D．welcomed
解析：选C feel honoured to do sth做……感荣幸固定搭配welcomeI间存逻辑动宾关系定式动式
2．This is of no practical ________ at present but such a thing is not impossible
A．balance B．significance
C．character D．approach
解析：选B 句意：点目前没实际意义没种significance重性意义be of no significance关紧意义固定搭配符合题意balance衡character特点approach方法
3．—What makes things lighter on the moon than on the earth
—The ________ of air does
A．absence B．presence
C．loss D．existence
解析：选A 考查名词词义辨析句意：什东西月球球轻？没空气导致absence缺少符合句意presence出席loss损失existence存
4．—More than thirty students competed ________ each other in the English competition
—But they could only compete ________ three medals
A．against with B．against on
C．with for D．on for
解析：选C compete with sb某竞争compete for sth ……竞争选C
5．In ________ Chinese culture marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children
A．traditional B．historic
C．remote D．initial
解析：选A 句意：中国传统文化里孩子婚姻父母决定historic历史remote遥远initial初均合题意
6．________ at your present job until you can get another
A．Hang on B．Put on
C．Take on D．Come on
解析：选A 句意：没找工作前放弃目前工作hang on坚持意符合语境put on 穿take on呈现承担雇come on开始吧(提醒催促等)
7．It＇s reported that the driver＇s carelessness ________ the serious traffic accident
A．led to B．turned to
C．took to D．referred to
解析：选A 句意：报道司机粗心驾驶导致次严重交通事lead to导致符合句意turn to求助变成take to开始喜欢refer to提
8．I＇m surprised at the great delight my uncle ________ in playing cards
A．makes B．gives
C．throws D．takes
解析：选D 句意：叔叔爱牌感吃惊my uncle takes in playing cards定语句修饰先行词the great delight 结合短语take delight in 应选D
9．He ________ to escape from prison but he couldn＇t find anybody to help him
A．succeeded B．attempted
C．advised D．offered
解析：选B succeed in doing sth成功做某事advise doing sth建议做某事offer to do sth动帮忙做某事attempt to do sth尝试做某事(定成功)
10．The ________ look on her face suggested that she was ________ at the ________ news
A．excited excited excited
B．exciting exciting exciting
C．excited excited exciting
D．exciting excited exciting
解析：选C 句意：脸激动表情表明听令兴奋消息时感激动excited激动兴奋exciting令激动令兴奋
11．—I will give you happily ________ you ask for only if I have
—It is so kind of you
A．whichever B．whatever
C．no matter what D．no matter which
解析：选B 考查名词性句句意：什会乐意真太whatever引导宾语句句中作宾语no matter what引导步状语句whichever范围限制
Ⅱ完成句子
1．She was_always_hanging_on (总坚持懈) for victory in the match
2．She is the first table tennis player to_win_four_Olympic_gold_medals (获4枚奥运金牌) and is perhaps the greatest female table tennis player the world has ever seen
3．Many people must_have_thought (时定认) that she was not a promising player
4．There is no doubt that she has_made_important_contributions_to (……做出重贡献) the Olympic Games
5．It was with hard work and determination that she realized_her_dream (实现梦想)．
6．I have cooked a special meal in_honour_of (……表示敬意) our visitors
7．——捡包？
——散步片沙滩
—Where did you pick up the bag
—It_was_on_the_beach_where we were taking a walk
8．中国认联合国国际事务中起关键作重
China_thinks_it_important_for_the_UN_to_play a key role in international affairs
Ⅲ根汉语提示选练Ⅱ中句子完成语段训练
喜欢体育明星邓亚萍著名乒乓球运动员赛中胜利总坚持懈第位获4枚奥运金牌乒乓球运动员迄止全世界杰出女乒乓球运动员毫疑问奥运会做出重贡献身高155米非常利时许定认位前途运动员然勤奋毅力实现梦想成功证明勤奋成功关键
My favourite sports star is Deng Yaping a wellknown table tennis player She was always hanging on for victory in the match She is the first table tennis player to win four Olympic gold medals and is perhaps the greatest female table tennis player the world has ever seen There is no doubt that she has made important contributions to the Olympic GamesShe is only 155 metres which is very bad for her Many people must have thought that she was not a promising player However it was with hard work and determination that she realized her dream Her success proves that hard work is the key to success
[应学生课力提升(五)]
Ⅰ单项填空
1．—Did you enjoy yourself at the party
—Yes I＇ve never been to ________ one before
A．a more excited B．the most excited
C．a more exciting D．the most exciting
解析：选C 句意：晚会玩愉快？前未参加更激动心聚会句意知里隐含式较级：历次次晚会相选C
2．Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future
A．whatever B．whenever
C．wherever D．however
解析：选A 考查名词性句句意：认：前发生现发生事情会重现处________ has happened before or is happening now语句句中缺少语排BCD三项A项正确
3．The old workers are doing their best to pass ________ their techniques to the younger generation
A．off B．on
C．away D．through
解析：选B 句意：老员工力技术传年轻代pass off 逐渐消失……予理睬pass on传pass away 世 pass through 穿通历
4．—I＇d like a wakeup call at 7：00 am please
—OK ________
A．help yourself
B．you＇ll certainly make it
C．just do what you like
D．I＇ll make sure you get one
解析：选D 考查交际语A项客气请便B项定会成功C项做喜欢D项保证会句间：请7点钟电话醒保证会接电话
5．There is a party tonight ________ our new president and I am ________ to be invited
A．in honour honoured
B．in honour of of great honour
C．in great honour in honour of
D．in honour of honoured
解析：选D 句意：晚欢迎新董事长聚会荣幸收邀请第空in honour of表示……表示敬意befeel honoured感荣幸
6．________ with what his students had done the teacher praised them
A．Delightful B．Delighting
C．Delighted D．To be delighted
解析：选C 句意：学生做事情感满意老师表扬处形容词短语delighted with what his students had done作原状语
7．It was at 5 o＇clock ________ the visitors finally arrived at Pudong International Airport
A．when B．that
C．before D．after
解析：选B 考查强调句式句意：参观者5点钟达浦东国际机场分析句子结构知句强调结构强调时间状语that
8．I was so angry that I ________ on him
A．hung down B．hung up
C．hung on D．hung back
解析：选B 考查hang短语辨析句意：太生气挂掉电话hang down垂低头hang on 紧紧握住坚持(电话)挂断hang back犹豫退缩hang up挂吊拖延终止挂断电话选B
9．We had an anxious couple of weeks ________ for the results of the experiment
A．wait B．to be waiting
C．waited D．waiting
解析：选D wewait间逻辑谓关系wait现分词形式作伴状语选D
10．It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry
A．when then B．not until
C．not until that D．only when
解析：选C 句意：直年非洲回遇想娶女孩It was not until that 构成强调句型选C项
Ⅱ完形填空
Another Monday slowly dragged on as I sat in class waiting for that final bell to ring __1__ was over and the next couple hours were a blur (朦胧状态) as I __2__ until 5：50 pm to drive to my second home my dance studio As I walked up the stairs I heard a __3__ voice yell Pull out the barres (扶手杆) It was a strict voice __4__ the person behind it was a kind teacher friend and role model I＇ve been __5__ to many influential people My dance teacher Yvonne Hassett has had the greatest impact on me and also contains multiple essential __6__
Throughout the past six years Yvonne has greatly enhanced (提高) my __7__ I＇ve received various corrections from Yvonne I don＇t take those corrections as a __8__ thing I take them as constructive criticism to become better at what I do When I first started __9__ at Absolute Dance I had a lack of confidence Yvonne helped me become a __10__ individual both in and out of the __11__ Yvonne is a person who has __12__ me to reach my highest potential each day
She has always been the person I go to for __13__ In addition she takes on a motherly role and is __14__ my second mother We __15__ say that we are her __16__ since she has none of her own Yvonne always puts others before herself Even though she has her own __17__ she always puts it on hold to help us with anything
Spending so much of my time with Yvonne has had a great influence on me Ever since I __18__ her I have become confident that I can __19__ anything I do later in life I＇ll take the qualities and advice Yvonne has given me and use it to keep __20__ as a person
语篇解读：文夹叙夹议文题材日常生活类舞蹈老师仅教跳舞技巧成长路着影响
1．ASchool B．The past
C．Time D．The noise
解析：选A 句sat in class waiting for that final bell知铃声响课时间(School)结束
2．Awatched B．waited
C．arrived D．slept
解析：选B 空5：50 pm to drive to my second home知放学等(waited)时舞蹈房
3．Apitiful B．nervous
C．hopeful D．familiar
解析：选D 第7空前six years知已学6年舞蹈声音熟悉(familiar)
4．Aunless B．though
C．but D．or
解析：选C 空前strictkind知声音严厉(but)严厉声音位亲切老师朋友楷模
5．Acompared B．added
C．given D．exposed
解析：选D 句has had the greatest impact on me知接触(exposed)许影响
6．Aqualities B．services
C．tools D．roles
解析：选A 文教诲知身拥许优良品质(qualities)文章句qualities提示
7．Astatus B．confidence
C．energy D．appearance
解析：选B 第9空confidence提示6年极提高信心(confidence)
8．Abad B．great
C．new D．popular
解析：选A 空前corrections句constructive criticism to become better知没纠正作件坏(bad)事
9．Areading B．fighting
C．singing D．dancing
解析：选D 空Absolute Dance知第次开始跳舞(dancing)时非常信
10．Akind B．curious
C．strong D．polite
解析：选C 句a lack of confidence构成呼应帮助成坚强(strong)舞蹈房(studio)里舞蹈房外
11．Aoffice B．studio
C．home D．cinema
解析：选B 参考题解析第2空dance studio提示
12．Apromised B．permitted
C．forbidden D．pushed
解析：选D 句helped空potential知推动着(pushed)天发挥潜
13．Asafety B．equality
C．guidance D．respect
解析：选C 文corrections文章句advice知总寻求指导(guidance)
14．Asurprisingly B．basically
C．fortunately D．gradually
解析：选B 空前motherly role知承担起妈妈角色基(basically)第二妈妈
15．Ajokingly B．never
C．strangely D．seldom
解析：选A 空法知开玩笑(jokingly)说孩子(children)
16．Aassistants B．children
C．fans D．companions
解析：选B 参考题解析句second mother推知
17．Aeducation B．history
C．life D．marriage
解析：选C 两句处世态度知然生活(life)总先
18．Aleft B．praised
C．judged D．met
解析：选D 文Yvonne帮助空I have become confident知第次遇(met)便相信做成(succeed in)日生活中事情
19．Acome across B．succeed in
C．rely on D．laugh at
解析：选B 参考题解析
20．Asmiling B．writing
C．growing D．listening
解析：选C 文教诲帮助知带着品质建议继续成长(growing)
Ⅲ阅读理解
The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain＇s greatest scientists biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephan Hawking is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable menSurprisingly they have rather more in common than we think
Most striking is the similarity in their backgroundsThey were born in the early 1940s to middle class families — not wealthy but comfortably off with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public serviceBoth families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University — and both succeeded Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics
Neither man has a very positive view of his early university 1ifeHawking describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very antiwork You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or failHard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student (科生)．
Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for DawkinsLike Hawking he wasn＇t particularly hardworking and never attended his lecturesBut he found Oxford＇s system of weekly essaybased lessons with an academic tutor useful It was really only the tutorial system that educated me
For both men scientific life really got going as postgraduates after 1962Dawkins who remained at Oxford describes brilliantly the academic competition among the postgraduate students which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book The Selfish GeneThis volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinian evolution
Hawking on the other hand moved to Cambridge University after graduation where his research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicist since Albert EinsteinHe writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyesAlthough communication is slow — he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine — his illness has not affected his mind or his research on spacetime and the origins of the universe
Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinkerRead together they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research
1．Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking＇s and Dawkins＇ backgrounds
A．They were both from wealthy families
B．They studied the same subject in university
C．They graduated from the same secondary school
D．They both came from families that valued good education
解析：选D 细节理解题根第二段中Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University — and both succeeded知两家庭非常重视孩子教育
2．Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student
A．He preferred doing his own research and experiments
B．Students considered it inappropriate to study too much
C．The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him
D．He was more interested in making friends with his classmates
解析：选B 细节理解题根第三段中Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for知B项正确
3．What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage
A．Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate
B．Hawking is more respected by the scientific community
C．They knew each other during their studies at Oxford
D．Hawking has experienced more physical difficulties
解析：选D 推理判断题根第六段中He writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes推断霍金历身体痛苦达尔文
4．What is the function of the last paragraph
A．To state which book the writer prefers
B．To recommend the reviewed books to readers
C．To summarize the achievements of the two scientists
D．To suggest the order in which the books should be read
解析：选B 推理判断题根段中Read together they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research知作者读者推荐两书
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Ⅰ单词拼写
1．Cindy lit a candle and held the letter to the flame (火焰) until it was all burned up
2．As is known to all Li Na is China＇s first French Open Tennis champion (冠军)．
3．The actor who is popular with the audience is one of the heavyweights (影响力) of the film and TV circle
4．The climbers failed in all their attempts (尝试) to climb the highest mountain in this country
5．Although the poem was written hundreds of years ago it still has a contemporary (现代) feel to it
6．The committee (委员会) judged it advisable to put off the meeting in such a situation
7．Thousands of football fans poured into the stadium (体育场) to watch the exciting football match
8．Jim always watches football match on television But he also likes basketball and gymnastics (体操)．
9．A(n) nation (民族) can become wiser and stronger as a result of change
Ⅱ拓展词汇
10．delighted adj愉快高兴→delight v &n()高兴快乐→delightful adj令高兴
11．significance n．重性意义→significant adj重
12．tradition n．传统风俗→traditional adj传统
13．compete vi赛竞争→competition n．赛→competitor n．赛者
14．honour n．尊敬荣幸节操荣誉vt尊敬尊重(某)→honourable adj光荣值尊敬品德高尚
15．absence n．缺席场存→absent adj场
16．excite vt激动兴奋→exciting adj令激动→excited adj激动兴奋
17．movement n．社会运动移动活动进展→move v．运动移动
[巧记单词]
例词
规律
派生词
delight＋ful→delightful
v＋ful→adj
tradition＋al→traditional
n＋al→adj
honour＋able→honourable
n＋able→adj
Ⅲ补全短语
1．by tradition 传统
2．take part in 参加
3．in honour of ……表示敬意纪念……
4．bring back to life ……复活
5．side by side 起肩排
6．realize one＇s dream 实现梦想
7．of all time 史()
8．come to sb＇s attention 引起某注意
9．make contributions to ……做出贡献
10．lead the way 领先
11．hang on (逆境中)坚持
12．pass on 转交传递
1．[教材原句]Today both male and female athletes from around the world can take part no matter what nation they come from
世界男女运动员国家参加赛
[句型点拨]no matter＋wh相whever引导步状语句
[佳句赏析]No matter whatWhatever reasons you may have you should carry out your promise
什理应遵守诺言
2．[教材原句]It was a Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin who brought the Olympics back to life
奥运会重生名皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦法国
[句型点拨]强调句型：It iswas thatwho
[佳句赏析]It was she who told him about the competition and encouraged him to go for it
正告诉关赛鼓励参加
3．[教材原句]He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace
梦想奥运会国民相处
[句型点拨]it作形式宾语
[佳句赏析]They make it possible to jump onto the office network and check your mail no matter where you happen to be at the moment
时处接通办公室网络检查邮件
4．[教材原句]I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country
坚信许海峰祖国摘第枚奥运金牌时候全体中国民肯定感豪
[句型点拨]情态动词＋have done表示发生事情推测
[佳句赏析]He must have left tired and that tiredness may have resulted in his falling asleep
应该感累劳累导致睡着
1．(教材P22)As a member of the International Olympic Committee I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games
作国际奥委会员高兴应邀前贵校家谈谈奥运会历史重意义
delighted adj愉快高兴
(1)(be) delighted atbywith sth ……感高兴
be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事
be delighted that 高兴……
(2)delight n 高兴
with delight 高兴
to one＇s delight 令某高兴
take delight in ……乐
(3)delightful adj 令愉快
①The delighted look on his face suggested that he was delighted with the result
脸高兴表情说明结果满意
②I shall be delighted to show you around the place
高兴领处转转
③The children unwrapped their Christmas presents with_delight
孩子高兴圣诞礼物拆开
④To_his_delight_his novel was well received
令高兴说受欢迎
[名师点津] delighted 常修饰表示感高兴修饰voice look expression等词
significance n．重性意义
(1)be of (great) significance
(重)意义(非常)重
be of no significance 意义重
be of little significance 太重
(2)significant adj 意义重
significantly adv 显著意味深长
⑤This new discovery of oil is of great significance to this area＇s economy
次新发现石油区济着重意义
⑥The proposals they put forward at the meeting were_of_little_significance
会提出建议足轻重
⑦Eating a good diet significantly reduces the risk of heart disease
良饮食惯减少患心脏病率
2．(教材P22)At the ancient Olympics by tradition the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes
古代奥运会传统运动员男性必须裸体竞技
tradition n．传统风俗
①Fireworks have long been a Chinese tradition on the Spring Festival Eve
夕放鞭炮直中国传统
(1)keep up fine tradition 保持优良传统
follow old traditions 袭旧
by tradition 传统
(2)traditional adj 传统惯例
traditionally adv 传统
②He promised that he would keep up the fine tradition
承诺保持优良传统
③By_tradition_it＇s the bridegroom＇s parents who pay for the wedding
传统俗新郎父母承担婚礼费
④Women are questioning their traditional roles in society as wives and mothers
妇女正社会中扮演妻子母亲传统角色提出疑问
compete vi赛竞争
compete withagainst ……竞争匹敌
compete in 参……竞争
compete for ……竞争
compete to do sth 竞争做某事
⑤Small independent bookstores can＇t compete with the big national chains
规模体书店竞争型全国连锁店
⑥He is hoping to_compete_in the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games
期盼着参加2020年东京奥林匹克运动会
⑦The stores have to compete_for_customers in the Christmas season
圣诞节期间商店争夺顾客竞争
⑧Several advertising agencies are competing to_get (get) the contract
家广告公司竞争份合
[Word family]
[语境串记]
As the youngest competitor I had to compete in the writing contest against 20 other top students for the annual writing award I must be very competitive to be the winner
作年轻赛者必须外20顶尖学生写作赛中竞争争场年度写作奖成获胜者必须强竞争力
3．(教材P22)Single women were allowed to take part in their own competition at a separate festival in honour of Hera the wife of the Greek god Zeus
未婚女性参加竞技赛赛专门纪念希腊神话中众神王宙斯妻子赫拉节日举行
in honour of……表示敬意纪念……
①The Dragon Boat Festival is held in honour of the great poet Qu Yuan
端午节纪念伟诗屈原
do sb an honour to do sth 某面子做某事幸做某事
show honour to ……表示敬意
have the honour to do sth 荣幸做某事
on one＇s honour 某名誉担保
②Would you like to do me an honour to_have (have) a coffee with me
肯赏脸喝杯咖啡？
③Children should be taught to show honour to their elders
应该教育孩子尊敬长辈
④May I have the honour to_dance_with_you
跳舞？
[联想发散] 学in＋n＋of构成短语？完成列常短语
①in need of 需
②in praise of 表扬赞扬
③in favor of 支持
④in control of 控制
⑤in charge of 负责
⑥in search of 寻找
⑦in face of 面
⑧in memory of 纪念
4．(教材P23)At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics the People＇s Republic of China returned to the Olympics after 32 years＇ absence
1984年洛杉矶奥运会中华民国阔32年重返奥运会
absence n．缺席场存
(1)absence from schoolwork 缺课班
in the absence of 缺乏……时……时
in one＇s absence 某时某外出时
(2)absent adj 缺席
be absent from 缺席
①His absence from school was caused by illness
生病没学
②In_the_absence_of_stone_most houses in the area are built of wood
石料匮乏区房子数木头建造
③He is_absent_from work because he is ill
病缺勤
[语境串记]
When asked the reason for Jack＇s absence the students said he was absent from class because of fever
问起杰克缺席原时学生说发烧没课
5．(教材P23)At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men＇s 110metre hurdles
2004年雅典奥运会刘翔成第赢男子110米跨栏金牌亚洲时亚洲激动
excite vt激动兴奋
①What he said excited all the people present
说话场兴奋
excited adj 感激动兴奋
be excited atbyabout ……感激动兴奋
be excited to do sth 做某事感兴奋
be excited that 感激动兴奋……
②The excited children forgot to take the presents to the party
孩子兴奋忘礼物带聚会
③We are_all_excited_atbyabout your success in the experiment
实验取成功感兴奋
[Word family]
④They were excited when they heard the exciting news (excite)
听令兴奋消息兴奋
[名师点津] excited意感激动外物影响产生种状态exciting表示令激动事物身性质时excited描述关事物excited lookexpression等
6．(教材P23)The Chinese led the way at the 2008 Beijing Olympics winning 51 gold medals
中国2008年北京奥运会遥遥领先赢51枚金牌
lead the way领先带路
①The receptionist led the way to the meeting room
接员带路会议室
lead to 导致造成通
lead sb to do sth 某做某事
lead sb into 领着某进入……
lead a life 着……生活
②There is no doubt that stress can lead_to physical illness
毫疑问压力会导致生理疾病
③What led you to think the news was true and reliable
什认消息真实？
7．(教材P23)Yet she hung on to win the gold medal in the final match
然决赛中苦苦坚持终赢金牌
hang on(＝hold on)(逆境中)坚持抓紧挂断
①I hope that everyone will hang on until rescue arrives
希家挺住直救援
hang on to 紧紧抓住紧握
hang up (on sb) 挂断(某)电话
hang around 闲逛……闲
hang back 犹豫退缩
②Hang on to that rope and don＇t let go
抓紧根绳子松手
③If you see anyone hanging_around here tell them to leave
果闲逛走开
[语境串记]
Last weekend I phoned Mary and hung on for several minutes but in the end she hung up on me which made me angry I had to hang around in the street to calm down
周末电话玛丽等分钟挂电话非常气愤街闲逛静
8．(教材P23)These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the boundaries of human achievement
努力推进类成极限世界民带喜悦快乐奥林匹克运动员中部分
attempt n．& vt尝试 努力试图
①After repeated attempts they finally succeeded in doing the experiment
反复尝试终试验成功
试图做某事
at theone＇s first attempt (某)第次尝试时
(2)attempt to do sth 试图做某事努力做某事
②He made an attempt to finish the work all by himself but it was too difficult
试图独完成项工作太难
③She passed the interview successfully at_the_first_attempt
次成功通面试
④They attempted to_go (go) on with the work but they couldn＇t
想继续干没愿
9．Today both male and female athletes from around the world can take part no matter what nation they come from
世界男女运动员国家参加赛
句中no matter what相whatever引导步状语句no matterwhat who whom which where when how等疑问词连引导步状语句意…………换成疑问词ever
①No matter whatWhatever happens I will stand by you
发生什事会支持
②No_matter_whatWhatever you say he＇ll never believe you
说什会相信
[名师点津] whatever whichever whoever whomever等引导步状语句引导名词性句
③You can choose whatever you like
喜欢什选什(句中whatever引导宾语句换no matter what)
④Whoever breaks the law will be punished
违反法律会受惩罚(句中whoever引导语句换no matter who)
10．It was a Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin who brought the Olympics back to life
奥运会重生名皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦法国
句强调句型强调语a Frenchman
(1)强调句型基法：
①I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday
昨天火车站见李明
→强调语：It was I thatwho met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday
→强调宾语：It was Li Ming thatwho I met at the railway station yesterday
→强调点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday
→强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station
(2)强调句型特殊句式：
②Is it science and technology that have changed our life
科学技术改变生活？
③What is it that he wants to see
究竟想什？
④It_was_not_until_yesterday that I knew the truth
直昨天知道真相
[名师点津] 强调句型中果原句中谓语动词现时时itis 果原句中谓语动词时itwas
⑤It＇s_English that Prof Lin teaches us
林教授教英语
11．He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace
梦想奥运会国民相处
句中that 引导宾语句宾语句中含语＋动词＋it ＋adjn(forof sb)＋to do sth句式结构该句式中it形式宾语adjn宾语补足语定式真正宾语常种句型动词：think believe suppose consider feel make find等
①She has made it a rule to go out for a walk after supper
养成晚饭出散步惯
②I feel it_pleasant_to_work with you
觉事件令愉快事
[名师点津] 宾语补足语no useno gooduselessa waste of time 等词时真正宾语般采动名词形式
③I think it no use discussing the matter again
认讨事没处
④Do you consider it any good trying again
觉试会处？
Ⅰ单项填空
1．I feel greatly honoured ________ to their society
A．to welcome B．welcoming
C．to be welcomed D．welcomed
解析：选C feel honoured to do sth做……感荣幸固定搭配welcomeI间存逻辑动宾关系定式动式
2．This is of no practical ________ at present but such a thing is not impossible
A．balance B．significance
C．character D．approach
解析：选B 句意：点目前没实际意义没种significance重性意义be of no significance关紧意义固定搭配符合题意balance衡character特点approach方法
3．—What makes things lighter on the moon than on the earth
—The ________ of air does
A．absence B．presence
C．loss D．existence
解析：选A 考查名词词义辨析句意：什东西月球球轻？没空气导致absence缺少符合句意presence出席loss损失existence存
4．—More than thirty students competed ________ each other in the English competition
—But they could only compete ________ three medals
A．against with B．against on
C．with for D．on for
解析：选C compete with sb某竞争compete for sth ……竞争选C
5．In ________ Chinese culture marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children
A．traditional B．historic
C．remote D．initial
解析：选A 句意：中国传统文化里孩子婚姻父母决定historic历史remote遥远initial初均合题意
6．________ at your present job until you can get another
A．Hang on B．Put on
C．Take on D．Come on
解析：选A 句意：没找工作前放弃目前工作hang on坚持意符合语境put on 穿take on呈现承担雇come on开始吧(提醒催促等)
7．It＇s reported that the driver＇s carelessness ________ the serious traffic accident
A．led to B．turned to
C．took to D．referred to
解析：选A 句意：报道司机粗心驾驶导致次严重交通事lead to导致符合句意turn to求助变成take to开始喜欢refer to提
8．I＇m surprised at the great delight my uncle ________ in playing cards
A．makes B．gives
C．throws D．takes
解析：选D 句意：叔叔爱牌感吃惊my uncle takes in playing cards定语句修饰先行词the great delight 结合短语take delight in 应选D
9．He ________ to escape from prison but he couldn＇t find anybody to help him
A．succeeded B．attempted
C．advised D．offered
解析：选B succeed in doing sth成功做某事advise doing sth建议做某事offer to do sth动帮忙做某事attempt to do sth尝试做某事(定成功)
10．The ________ look on her face suggested that she was ________ at the ________ news
A．excited excited excited
B．exciting exciting exciting
C．excited excited exciting
D．exciting excited exciting
解析：选C 句意：脸激动表情表明听令兴奋消息时感激动excited激动兴奋exciting令激动令兴奋
11．—I will give you happily ________ you ask for only if I have
—It is so kind of you
A．whichever B．whatever
C．no matter what D．no matter which
解析：选B 考查名词性句句意：什会乐意真太whatever引导宾语句句中作宾语no matter what引导步状语句whichever范围限制
Ⅱ完成句子
1．She was_always_hanging_on (总坚持懈) for victory in the match
2．She is the first table tennis player to_win_four_Olympic_gold_medals (获4枚奥运金牌) and is perhaps the greatest female table tennis player the world has ever seen
3．Many people must_have_thought (时定认) that she was not a promising player
4．There is no doubt that she has_made_important_contributions_to (……做出重贡献) the Olympic Games
5．It was with hard work and determination that she realized_her_dream (实现梦想)．
6．I have cooked a special meal in_honour_of (……表示敬意) our visitors
7．——捡包？
——散步片沙滩
—Where did you pick up the bag
—It_was_on_the_beach_where we were taking a walk
8．中国认联合国国际事务中起关键作重
China_thinks_it_important_for_the_UN_to_play a key role in international affairs
Ⅲ根汉语提示选练Ⅱ中句子完成语段训练
喜欢体育明星邓亚萍著名乒乓球运动员赛中胜利总坚持懈第位获4枚奥运金牌乒乓球运动员迄止全世界杰出女乒乓球运动员毫疑问奥运会做出重贡献身高155米非常利时许定认位前途运动员然勤奋毅力实现梦想成功证明勤奋成功关键
My favourite sports star is Deng Yaping a wellknown table tennis player She was always hanging on for victory in the match She is the first table tennis player to win four Olympic gold medals and is perhaps the greatest female table tennis player the world has ever seen There is no doubt that she has made important contributions to the Olympic GamesShe is only 155 metres which is very bad for her Many people must have thought that she was not a promising player However it was with hard work and determination that she realized her dream Her success proves that hard work is the key to success
[应学生课力提升(五)]
Ⅰ单项填空
1．—Did you enjoy yourself at the party
—Yes I＇ve never been to ________ one before
A．a more excited B．the most excited
C．a more exciting D．the most exciting
解析：选C 句意：晚会玩愉快？前未参加更激动心聚会句意知里隐含式较级：历次次晚会相选C
2．Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future
A．whatever B．whenever
C．wherever D．however
解析：选A 考查名词性句句意：认：前发生现发生事情会重现处________ has happened before or is happening now语句句中缺少语排BCD三项A项正确
3．The old workers are doing their best to pass ________ their techniques to the younger generation
A．off B．on
C．away D．through
解析：选B 句意：老员工力技术传年轻代pass off 逐渐消失……予理睬pass on传pass away 世 pass through 穿通历
4．—I＇d like a wakeup call at 7：00 am please
—OK ________
A．help yourself
B．you＇ll certainly make it
C．just do what you like
D．I＇ll make sure you get one
解析：选D 考查交际语A项客气请便B项定会成功C项做喜欢D项保证会句间：请7点钟电话醒保证会接电话
5．There is a party tonight ________ our new president and I am ________ to be invited
A．in honour honoured
B．in honour of of great honour
C．in great honour in honour of
D．in honour of honoured
解析：选D 句意：晚欢迎新董事长聚会荣幸收邀请第空in honour of表示……表示敬意befeel honoured感荣幸
6．________ with what his students had done the teacher praised them
A．Delightful B．Delighting
C．Delighted D．To be delighted
解析：选C 句意：学生做事情感满意老师表扬处形容词短语delighted with what his students had done作原状语
7．It was at 5 o＇clock ________ the visitors finally arrived at Pudong International Airport
A．when B．that
C．before D．after
解析：选B 考查强调句式句意：参观者5点钟达浦东国际机场分析句子结构知句强调结构强调时间状语that
8．I was so angry that I ________ on him
A．hung down B．hung up
C．hung on D．hung back
解析：选B 考查hang短语辨析句意：太生气挂掉电话hang down垂低头hang on 紧紧握住坚持(电话)挂断hang back犹豫退缩hang up挂吊拖延终止挂断电话选B
9．We had an anxious couple of weeks ________ for the results of the experiment
A．wait B．to be waiting
C．waited D．waiting
解析：选D wewait间逻辑谓关系wait现分词形式作伴状语选D
10．It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry
A．when then B．not until
C．not until that D．only when
解析：选C 句意：直年非洲回遇想娶女孩It was not until that 构成强调句型选C项
Ⅱ完形填空
Another Monday slowly dragged on as I sat in class waiting for that final bell to ring __1__ was over and the next couple hours were a blur (朦胧状态) as I __2__ until 5：50 pm to drive to my second home my dance studio As I walked up the stairs I heard a __3__ voice yell Pull out the barres (扶手杆) It was a strict voice __4__ the person behind it was a kind teacher friend and role model I＇ve been __5__ to many influential people My dance teacher Yvonne Hassett has had the greatest impact on me and also contains multiple essential __6__
Throughout the past six years Yvonne has greatly enhanced (提高) my __7__ I＇ve received various corrections from Yvonne I don＇t take those corrections as a __8__ thing I take them as constructive criticism to become better at what I do When I first started __9__ at Absolute Dance I had a lack of confidence Yvonne helped me become a __10__ individual both in and out of the __11__ Yvonne is a person who has __12__ me to reach my highest potential each day
She has always been the person I go to for __13__ In addition she takes on a motherly role and is __14__ my second mother We __15__ say that we are her __16__ since she has none of her own Yvonne always puts others before herself Even though she has her own __17__ she always puts it on hold to help us with anything
Spending so much of my time with Yvonne has had a great influence on me Ever since I __18__ her I have become confident that I can __19__ anything I do later in life I＇ll take the qualities and advice Yvonne has given me and use it to keep __20__ as a person
语篇解读：文夹叙夹议文题材日常生活类舞蹈老师仅教跳舞技巧成长路着影响
1．ASchool B．The past
C．Time D．The noise
解析：选A 句sat in class waiting for that final bell知铃声响课时间(School)结束
2．Awatched B．waited
C．arrived D．slept
解析：选B 空5：50 pm to drive to my second home知放学等(waited)时舞蹈房
3．Apitiful B．nervous
C．hopeful D．familiar
解析：选D 第7空前six years知已学6年舞蹈声音熟悉(familiar)
4．Aunless B．though
C．but D．or
解析：选C 空前strictkind知声音严厉(but)严厉声音位亲切老师朋友楷模
5．Acompared B．added
C．given D．exposed
解析：选D 句has had the greatest impact on me知接触(exposed)许影响
6．Aqualities B．services
C．tools D．roles
解析：选A 文教诲知身拥许优良品质(qualities)文章句qualities提示
7．Astatus B．confidence
C．energy D．appearance
解析：选B 第9空confidence提示6年极提高信心(confidence)
8．Abad B．great
C．new D．popular
解析：选A 空前corrections句constructive criticism to become better知没纠正作件坏(bad)事
9．Areading B．fighting
C．singing D．dancing
解析：选D 空Absolute Dance知第次开始跳舞(dancing)时非常信
10．Akind B．curious
C．strong D．polite
解析：选C 句a lack of confidence构成呼应帮助成坚强(strong)舞蹈房(studio)里舞蹈房外
11．Aoffice B．studio
C．home D．cinema
解析：选B 参考题解析第2空dance studio提示
12．Apromised B．permitted
C．forbidden D．pushed
解析：选D 句helped空potential知推动着(pushed)天发挥潜
13．Asafety B．equality
C．guidance D．respect
解析：选C 文corrections文章句advice知总寻求指导(guidance)
14．Asurprisingly B．basically
C．fortunately D．gradually
解析：选B 空前motherly role知承担起妈妈角色基(basically)第二妈妈
15．Ajokingly B．never
C．strangely D．seldom
解析：选A 空法知开玩笑(jokingly)说孩子(children)
16．Aassistants B．children
C．fans D．companions
解析：选B 参考题解析句second mother推知
17．Aeducation B．history
C．life D．marriage
解析：选C 两句处世态度知然生活(life)总先
18．Aleft B．praised
C．judged D．met
解析：选D 文Yvonne帮助空I have become confident知第次遇(met)便相信做成(succeed in)日生活中事情
19．Acome across B．succeed in
C．rely on D．laugh at
解析：选B 参考题解析
20．Asmiling B．writing
C．growing D．listening
解析：选C 文教诲帮助知带着品质建议继续成长(growing)
Ⅲ阅读理解
The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain＇s greatest scientists biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephan Hawking is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable menSurprisingly they have rather more in common than we think
Most striking is the similarity in their backgroundsThey were born in the early 1940s to middle class families — not wealthy but comfortably off with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public serviceBoth families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University — and both succeeded Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics
Neither man has a very positive view of his early university 1ifeHawking describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very antiwork You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or failHard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student (科生)．
Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for DawkinsLike Hawking he wasn＇t particularly hardworking and never attended his lecturesBut he found Oxford＇s system of weekly essaybased lessons with an academic tutor useful It was really only the tutorial system that educated me
For both men scientific life really got going as postgraduates after 1962Dawkins who remained at Oxford describes brilliantly the academic competition among the postgraduate students which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book The Selfish GeneThis volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinian evolution
Hawking on the other hand moved to Cambridge University after graduation where his research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicist since Albert EinsteinHe writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyesAlthough communication is slow — he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine — his illness has not affected his mind or his research on spacetime and the origins of the universe
Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinkerRead together they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research
1．Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking＇s and Dawkins＇ backgrounds
A．They were both from wealthy families
B．They studied the same subject in university
C．They graduated from the same secondary school
D．They both came from families that valued good education
解析：选D 细节理解题根第二段中Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University — and both succeeded知两家庭非常重视孩子教育
2．Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student
A．He preferred doing his own research and experiments
B．Students considered it inappropriate to study too much
C．The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him
D．He was more interested in making friends with his classmates
解析：选B 细节理解题根第三段中Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for知B项正确
3．What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage
A．Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate
B．Hawking is more respected by the scientific community
C．They knew each other during their studies at Oxford
D．Hawking has experienced more physical difficulties
解析：选D 推理判断题根第六段中He writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes推断霍金历身体痛苦达尔文
4．What is the function of the last paragraph
A．To state which book the writer prefers
B．To recommend the reviewed books to readers
C．To summarize the achievements of the two scientists
D．To suggest the order in which the books should be read
解析：选B 推理判断题根段中Read together they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research知作者读者推荐两书
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