高三英语语法专题复讲座
语法复专题（1）
Unit1 名词
考点聚焦
1数名词单复数变化形式
（1）规变化
①单数名词词尾直接加s：boy — boys pen — pens
②sx ch sh结尾单词般加es：glass — glassesbox— boxes watch — watches brush — brushes
特例：stomach — stomaches
③辅音字母 + y结尾变yi加es：
baby — babies lady — ladies fly — flies
④o结尾数加es：tomato — tomatoes potato — potatoes hero — heroes两元音字母结尾名词部分外词中o结尾词加s ：radio — radios zoo — zoos photo — photos piano — pianos kilo — kilos tobacco — tobaccos
⑤ffe结尾名词复数形式变ffev加es：wife — wives life — lives knife — knives wolf— wolves self — selves leaf — leaves等特例：handkerchief— handkerchiefs roof — roofs chief — chiefs gulf — gulfs belief — beliefs cliff — cliffs
⑥改变元音字母：man — men mouse — mice foot — feetwoman — women tooth — teeth goose — geese ox — oxen特例：child — children
⑦复合名词复数形式（A）复合词中名词尾加s：armchair — armchairs bookcase — bookcases bookstore — bookstores（B）manwoman作定语修饰名词时前两名词变成复数：man doctor — men doctors woman driver — women drivers（C）介词副词起构成复合名词应体名词部分加s：brotherinlaw — brothersinlaw passerby — passersby
⑧名词两种复数形式：zero — zeros zeroes deer —deers deerpenny两种复数形式含义：pence（便士钱数）pennies(便士枚数)
（2）规变化
①单复数形：means aircraft deer fish ChineseJapanese sheep works（工厂）cattle
②合成名词复数：boyfriend — boyfriends gobetween— gobetweens(中间)grownup — grownups
③名词通常作复数：glasses眼镜clothes衣服goods货物trousers裤子belongings物wages工资riches财富 surroundings环境ashes灰尘 campasses圆规cattle家畜congratulations祝贺have words with sb 某吵架in high spirits高热情give one’s regards to sb某问侯in rags衣衫破烂It is good manners to do sth礼貌做某事
④集体名词数集体名词通常作复数：people cattle police 名词作单数：machinery furniture mankind jewellery名词作单数作复数单数做整体复数做集体成员：The crew is large船员数（指整体）The crew are all tired船员累坏（体）
2数名词数
（1）般说抽象名词数名词抽象名词表示具体东西时作数名词词义发生变化类型：
①抽象名词表示具某种特性状态感情情绪事：
抽象名词（数） 具体化（体名词数名词）
in surprise惊讶 a surprise件令惊讶事
win success获成功 a success(件)成功(事)
win honor赢荣誉 an honor(件)引荣(事)
Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者 失败成功母
by experience验 an experience次历
youth青春 a youth青年
have pity on sb怜悯某 a pity惜事情
with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事
②抽象名词a(an)连淡化抽象概念转化似体验动作行类 A knowledge of English is a must in international trade
Would you like to have a walk(swim bath talk)with me
It is waste of time reading such a novel
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings
(2)物质名词数名词表示数量种类时作数名词：
①物质名词形数相应物体单复数：some coffee咖啡a coffee杯咖啡three coffees三杯咖啡some drink饮料 a drink杯饮料three drinks三杯饮料his hair头发a few grey hairs根白发glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯
②物质名词前置置修饰时前面定冠词
have breakfast The road is covered with snow
have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year
Time and tide wait for no man
We had a wonderful time last night
(3)复数形式数名词
①抽象名词复数形式出现起种丰富语言感情色彩强调某种特殊状态作：
Use your brains please
They have smoothed away the difficulties
Have you made preparations for tomorrow’s meeting
Many thanks for your kindness
No pains no gains
After many failures they finally succeeded
②物质名词复数形式出现表示数量范围广：
The boy burst into tears at the bad news
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains
3名词格
（1）s格特殊表示形式：
① 表示时间距离价格重量等名词：today’s newspaper five minutes’ walk(drive)five pounds’ weight tendollars’ worth of coffee
②表示国家世界城市等方名词：the earth’s planet the word’s population China’s industry New York’s parks
（2）of格特殊表示方式：
①表示部分时般修饰名词前表示数量词（atwoseveralsomenomany等）：Some students of Mister Zhang’s have gone to college张老师学生已学
②表示中中部分意思时：a friend of Tom’s汤姆朋友（许朋友中位）
③表示赞扬批评厌恶等感情色彩时应该：thatthisthesethose + 名词（单复数）of Mary’syourshishers：
That invention of hers belongs to the world 项发明属全世界（表赞赏）
4名词作定语
英语中名词没应根形容词名词直接作定语修饰名词
（1）分类意义
air pollution 空气污染 boy friend 男朋友
coffee cup咖啡杯 income tax税
tennis ball网球 song writer歌曲作家
body language身体语言 road accident交通事
Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖
（2）时间点称呼等
Doctor Jack杰克医生 Professor Li李教授
evening school夜校 winter sleep冬眠
street dance 街舞 country music乡村音乐
village people村民 school education学校教育
China problem中国问题
（3）表目手段源属意义
reception desk接台 sports field田径场
stone table石桌 color TV彩电
weather report天气预报
二精典名题导解
选择填空
1 It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science
Aan art much as Bmuch an art as
Cas an art much as Das much an art as
解析：答案D名词前whatsoastooquite等词修饰时形容词词修饰组成列结构：What a nice book This is too heavy a box for me to carry He is not as honest a boy as Mike等应采取toohow + 形容词（副词）+ a(an) + 名词形式记住类似特殊结构加分析
2 The police are offering a __________to anyone who can give information about the lost key
Aprice Bprize Creward Dmoney
解析：答案Cprice 价格价钱prize奖金Ｄ项钱属数名词题中填酬金报酬注意正确理解名词含义搭配活语言基础复备考中熟练掌握考纲中名词词义搭配惯等更辨析名词选择符合句意选项
3You’ll find this map of great _____________in helping you to get round London
Aprice Bcost Cvalue Dusefulness
解析：答案C题考查特定语境中名词词义be of + 抽象名词结构Price (价格)cost（价钱费成）符合题意value作quality of being useful or desirable解时常of搭配句中作表语补语意价值选择value注意名词词义辨异惯法表达题中of + 抽象名词相该名词形容词形式
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语法复专题（1）
Unit1 名词
考点聚焦
1数名词单复数变化形式
（1）规变化
①单数名词词尾直接加s：boy — boys pen — pens
②sx ch sh结尾单词般加es：glass — glassesbox— boxes watch — watches brush — brushes
特例：stomach — stomaches
③辅音字母 + y结尾变yi加es：
baby — babies lady — ladies fly — flies
④o结尾数加es：tomato — tomatoes potato — potatoes hero — heroes两元音字母结尾名词部分外词中o结尾词加s ：radio — radios zoo — zoos photo — photos piano — pianos kilo — kilos tobacco — tobaccos
⑤ffe结尾名词复数形式变ffev加es：wife — wives life — lives knife — knives wolf— wolves self — selves leaf — leaves等特例：handkerchief— handkerchiefs roof — roofs chief — chiefs gulf — gulfs belief — beliefs cliff — cliffs
⑥改变元音字母：man — men mouse — mice foot — feetwoman — women tooth — teeth goose — geese ox — oxen特例：child — children
⑦复合名词复数形式（A）复合词中名词尾加s：armchair — armchairs bookcase — bookcases bookstore — bookstores（B）manwoman作定语修饰名词时前两名词变成复数：man doctor — men doctors woman driver — women drivers（C）介词副词起构成复合名词应体名词部分加s：brotherinlaw — brothersinlaw passerby — passersby
⑧名词两种复数形式：zero — zeros zeroes deer —deers deerpenny两种复数形式含义：pence（便士钱数）pennies(便士枚数)
（2）规变化
①单复数形：means aircraft deer fish ChineseJapanese sheep works（工厂）cattle
②合成名词复数：boyfriend — boyfriends gobetween— gobetweens(中间)grownup — grownups
③名词通常作复数：glasses眼镜clothes衣服goods货物trousers裤子belongings物wages工资riches财富 surroundings环境ashes灰尘 campasses圆规cattle家畜congratulations祝贺have words with sb 某吵架in high spirits高热情give one’s regards to sb某问侯in rags衣衫破烂It is good manners to do sth礼貌做某事
④集体名词数集体名词通常作复数：people cattle police 名词作单数：machinery furniture mankind jewellery名词作单数作复数单数做整体复数做集体成员：The crew is large船员数（指整体）The crew are all tired船员累坏（体）
2数名词数
（1）般说抽象名词数名词抽象名词表示具体东西时作数名词词义发生变化类型：
①抽象名词表示具某种特性状态感情情绪事：
抽象名词（数） 具体化（体名词数名词）
in surprise惊讶 a surprise件令惊讶事
win success获成功 a success(件)成功(事)
win honor赢荣誉 an honor(件)引荣(事)
Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者 失败成功母
by experience验 an experience次历
youth青春 a youth青年
have pity on sb怜悯某 a pity惜事情
with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事
②抽象名词a(an)连淡化抽象概念转化似体验动作行类 A knowledge of English is a must in international trade
Would you like to have a walk(swim bath talk)with me
It is waste of time reading such a novel
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings
(2)物质名词数名词表示数量种类时作数名词：
①物质名词形数相应物体单复数：some coffee咖啡a coffee杯咖啡three coffees三杯咖啡some drink饮料 a drink杯饮料three drinks三杯饮料his hair头发a few grey hairs根白发glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯
②物质名词前置置修饰时前面定冠词
have breakfast The road is covered with snow
have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year
Time and tide wait for no man
We had a wonderful time last night
(3)复数形式数名词
①抽象名词复数形式出现起种丰富语言感情色彩强调某种特殊状态作：
Use your brains please
They have smoothed away the difficulties
Have you made preparations for tomorrow’s meeting
Many thanks for your kindness
No pains no gains
After many failures they finally succeeded
②物质名词复数形式出现表示数量范围广：
The boy burst into tears at the bad news
The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops
The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains
3名词格
（1）s格特殊表示形式：
① 表示时间距离价格重量等名词：today’s newspaper five minutes’ walk(drive)five pounds’ weight tendollars’ worth of coffee
②表示国家世界城市等方名词：the earth’s planet the word’s population China’s industry New York’s parks
（2）of格特殊表示方式：
①表示部分时般修饰名词前表示数量词（atwoseveralsomenomany等）：Some students of Mister Zhang’s have gone to college张老师学生已学
②表示中中部分意思时：a friend of Tom’s汤姆朋友（许朋友中位）
③表示赞扬批评厌恶等感情色彩时应该：thatthisthesethose + 名词（单复数）of Mary’syourshishers：
That invention of hers belongs to the world 项发明属全世界（表赞赏）
4名词作定语
英语中名词没应根形容词名词直接作定语修饰名词
（1）分类意义
air pollution 空气污染 boy friend 男朋友
coffee cup咖啡杯 income tax税
tennis ball网球 song writer歌曲作家
body language身体语言 road accident交通事
Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖
（2）时间点称呼等
Doctor Jack杰克医生 Professor Li李教授
evening school夜校 winter sleep冬眠
street dance 街舞 country music乡村音乐
village people村民 school education学校教育
China problem中国问题
（3）表目手段源属意义
reception desk接台 sports field田径场
stone table石桌 color TV彩电
weather report天气预报
二精典名题导解
选择填空
1 It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science
Aan art much as Bmuch an art as
Cas an art much as Das much an art as
解析：答案D名词前whatsoastooquite等词修饰时形容词词修饰组成列结构：What a nice book This is too heavy a box for me to carry He is not as honest a boy as Mike等应采取toohow + 形容词（副词）+ a(an) + 名词形式记住类似特殊结构加分析
2 The police are offering a __________to anyone who can give information about the lost key
Aprice Bprize Creward Dmoney
解析：答案Cprice 价格价钱prize奖金Ｄ项钱属数名词题中填酬金报酬注意正确理解名词含义搭配活语言基础复备考中熟练掌握考纲中名词词义搭配惯等更辨析名词选择符合句意选项
3You’ll find this map of great _____________in helping you to get round London
Aprice Bcost Cvalue Dusefulness
解析：答案C题考查特定语境中名词词义be of + 抽象名词结构Price (价格)cost（价钱费成）符合题意value作quality of being useful or desirable解时常of搭配句中作表语补语意价值选择value注意名词词义辨异惯法表达题中of + 抽象名词相该名词形容词形式
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档