2017北京导游词4篇
文目录
1 2017北京导游词
2 北京宫博物院英文导游词
3 北京宫导游词详细版
4 北京中华民族园导游词
ladies and gentlemen
welcome to the great wall starting out in the east on the banks of the yale river in leaning province the wall stretches westwards for 12700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china the wall climbs up and down twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces——liaoning hebei shanxi shaanxi and gansu and two autonomous regions——ningxia and inner mongolia binding the northern china together
historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 bc during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century bc walls then was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments later in 221 bc the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today
the great wall is divided into two sections the east and west with shanxi province as the dividing line the west part is a rammed earth construction about 53 meters high on average in the eastern part the core of the wall is rammed earth as well but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu not far from beijing and both are open to visitors
the wall of those sections is 78 meters high and 65 meters wide at its base narrowing to 58 meters on the ramparts wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast twostoried watchtowers are built at approximately 400meters internals the top stories of the watchtower were designed for observing enemy movements while the first was used for storing grain fodder military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers the highest watchtower at badaling standing on a hilltop is reached only after a steep climb like climbing a ladder to heaven
there stand 14 major passes (guan in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan yet the most impressive one is juyongguan about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing
known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven) shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast it had been therefore a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty (16441911)
as a cultural heritage the wall belongs not only to china but to the world the venice charter says historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations significant social developments or historical events the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world in 1987 the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site
北京宫博物院英文导游词
2017北京导游词（2） | 返回目录
hello everyone
we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs it is simply a sea of palaces this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum
the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years the palace museum as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing is unique for its location to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea) to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street and to the north id jinshan park standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park you overlook the skyline of the palace museum at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china
a worldfamous historical site the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization
the palace museum is rectangular in shape 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west covering a space of 720000 square meters of which 150000 is building area it has 9000strong rooms in it according to legend there are 99995 roomunits in all the whole compound is enclosed by a 10meterhign wall and is accessed through four entrances namely the meridian gate in the south the gate of military prowess in the north donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams 18 pillars and 72 ridge encircling the compound there is a 3800meterlong and 52 meterwide moat making the palace museum a selfdefensive citywithina city
the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang the whole complex straddles on an 8kilometerslong central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north prominence was given to the royal power by putting the three main front halls and three back halls on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china for example the bricks laid in the halls known as gold brick underwent complex two –dozen processes as the final touch the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil involving complicated processes and high cost these brick are called golden bricks the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site
what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museumthe meridian gate which is characterized by red walls yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves on top of this walls yellow glazedtile roofs and upturned eaves on top of this magnificent building there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 roomunits it is flanked by two wings on each side the wings are square in shape complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles all of these structures are connected by a colonnade because these halls resemble a soaring bird it was also know as wufenglou (fivephoenix tower) inside the main hall there is a throne drums and bells were stored in the wings whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony drums bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion
as the legend goes the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed this not true however flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion on the other hand this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month) on these occasions chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials
upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members the rest were used by palatines aside from decoration the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood what is more according to ancient chinese cosmology the south is the abode of fire so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace in this way the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture
this building is called the gate of supreme harmony in the foreground stand two bronze lions can anybody tell which is male and which is female the one on the east playing with a ball is male symbolizing power and universal unity the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female the one on the east playing with a ball is male symbolizing power and universal unity the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female representing prosperity the endless succession a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance from it you can see that the palace museum has two main parts the forecourt and the inner court the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites behind the forecourt there is the inner court consisting of major halls and the imperial garden it was where the emperor attended state affairs lived and enjoyed his luxurious life the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums there are the three main halls of the palace museum built on a triple marble terrace since most of china `s architecture is made of wood the buildings cannot be too tall to gain the height of the architecture ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes which served as symbols of longevity on the east is a sundial an ancient timepiece on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable
in the front and on each flank there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony also known as the throne hall it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear with terrace exclusive the hall is 2692 meters in height and is 3503 meters in all covering and areaof 2377 square meters the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure the hall is supported by 6 thick round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons as the holiest place in the hall the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18000 kilometers a day and understand all languages) cranes and incense barrels over the throne there is the caisson or covered ceiling which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold magnificently built and luxuriously decorated this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs he used his hall for major events such as his birthday conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war
behind the hall of supreme harmony there sits the hall of complete harmony this structure is square in shape each side is 2415 meters this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers before he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall behind the hall of complete harmony you will see the hall of preserving harmony which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs the largest of its kind in the whole country it is 1657 meters in length 307 meters in width 17 meters thick and weighs 250 tons it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process
we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity emperor qianlong held court here proceeding further north you can find three main rear halls ie the hall of heavenly purity the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven the empress and concubines lived in the inner court
the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription be open and aboveboard a manifesto to court struggle behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty two copies of the will were prepared one was stashed by the emperor in person the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque after the death of the emperor the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne
behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there in the hall you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of we wei exhorting taoist doctrines
further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity which once served as the living room of the empresses` the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs
the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden )which was used by the emperor the empress and the concubines a magnificent structure stands in the middle it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style it served as a shrine to the taoist deity the garden covers a space of 12000 square meters and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south there are a dozen halls verandahs pavilions and waterside houses in the garden on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape the garden also features an imperial landscape with rare trees and exotic rockery the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks in all a total of 10strong building styles were applied
the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess the back door of the palace museum our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not on the other side of the road is the 43meterhign charcoal hill providing natural protection for the forbidden city this was also an embodiment of china` s construction styleputting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum
北京宫导游词详细版
2017北京导游词（3） | 返回目录
位游客家_____旅行社导游员姓____接天中陪伴家游览北京名胜风景希通讲解够您北京留非常美印象时希您工作提出宝贵意见现开始天游览行程吧
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关推出午门斩首说法戏剧午台野史说敷衍实际明代廷命官犯罪午门廷杖然严重场死(进午门金水桥前
现已宫里面正式游览前先介绍宫布局参观路线宫占2万方米样面积集种建筑手法建造组规模宏建筑群没纷杂现象反结构严谨色彩辉煌布局规整感觉手段建造中突出条极明显中轴红条中轴线整座北京城机结体北钟楼南永定门总长度约8公里皇家禁区苑部分约占三分宫重建筑条中轴线建筑分东西称分布整宫殿设计布局表现封建君尊严封建等级制度森严
宫分外廷现外南端正前面太门门前青铜狮子威严凶悍成门前桥头守卫者象征着权力尊严皇帝贵天子门前狮子然精美高东边立雄狮前爪幼狮象征皇权永存千秋万代眼前条河金水河起装饰防水河五座桥象征孔子提倡五德：仁义礼智信整条河外观象支弓中轴线箭表明皇帝受命天代天帝治理国家
太门前
宫建筑分外廷两部分
午门乾清门间部分分外太中保三殿中心东西两侧文华武英两组宫殿左右称形成外雄伟壮观格局三殿前排列庞工型汉白玉石殿基殿基高8米分三层层汉白玉石刻栏杆围绕三台中三层石雕御路太殿俗称金銮殿宫高座建筑物国高壮丽古代木结构建筑乾清门廷建筑布局左右称中部乾清宫交泰殿坤宁宫封建皇帝居住处理日常政务方两侧东西六宫嫔妃住东西皇子住廷皇家游玩三处花园——御花园慈宁花园乾隆花园金水河廷西边蜿蜒绕英武殿太门文华殿流出宫外河白玉石桥河两岸曲折姿白玉雕栏杆形似玉带宫建筑绝部分黄琉璃瓦顶阳光金碧辉煌庄严美观
宫中建筑突出中轴线外种手法宫城中组建筑独具特色殿基处理殿顶形式吻兽垂脊兽数目彩绘图案规制等等样仅建筑更显高壮观表现宫中建筑等级差民间传说宫999间半
说天皇宫0000间皇帝称天子敢数少半间半间房呢指便文渊阁西头间实际紫禁城000余间谓半间根存文渊阁西头间面积仅容纳楼梯整间文渊阁楼藏国第部四库全书方顾布局美观西头间建造格外
太门
女士先生前面殿太殿俗称金銮殿宫宫殿建筑面377方米重檐庑殿顶殿宇中高等级外三殿中座太殿建三层重叠工型须弥座汉白玉雕成离余米层台1级中层级
太殿始建公元14XX年历三次火灾次兵燹毁坏现家清建四屋檐排动物原钉子固定瓦片换成神话传说中动物说辟邪数量越表明建筑越重太殿99阳极数次民百姓家允许种装饰
明清两24皇帝登基宣布位诏书元旦冬皇帝生日册立皇颁布法令政令派出征金殿传胪赐安等等皇帝里举行仪式接受文武百官贺
广场太殿广场面积达3万方米整广场草木空旷宁静森严肃穆感觉正中御路左右面铺砖横七竖八15层防挖道进入皇宫周围缸做什呢宫里308缸储水防炎缸烧炭加温防止冬天缸水结冰什建广场呢感
觉太殿雄伟壮观站面前：蓝天黄瓦生辉层层石台白云加香烟缭绕整太殿天仙境样举行典时殿珐琅仙鹤盘点蜡烛香亭香炉烧檀香露台铜炉龟鹤燃松柏枝殿前两侧香烟缭绕全场鸦雀声皇帝登宝座时鼓乐齐鸣文武臣吕级跪伏广场仰着云中楼阁山呼万岁显示皇帝权威尊严
清末代皇帝溥仪19XX年底登基时年仅3岁父亲摄政王载沣抱扶宝座典开始时差突然鼓乐齐鸣吓皇帝哭闹止嚷着回家载沣急满头汗哄着皇帝说：哭哭快完快完臣认话吉祥说巧年清果真灭亡结束国XX年封建统治
太殿石台) 铜香炉皇帝举行典礼时焚烧檀香里18座代表清18省殿外左右安放四铜缸象征金瓯缺作贮水防火台基东西两侧铜制仙鹤龟长寿象征铅铸造成器具嘉量嘉量时量标准器表示皇帝公处事谁半斤谁八两心中然数面石头做成器具做日晷古代测时仪皇帝意思：量时基准手里
太殿正面12根圆红柱东西约63米南北进深7米5米殿前丹陛三层五出殿前金0金锁6整殿雕梁画栋豪华富丽殿中央设米高台面摆放着雕9条金龙楠木宝座面金漆围屏前面御案左右称宝象角端仙鹤香筒等陈列品象驮宝瓶装五谷象征太景象五谷丰登角端国古代神话传说中种神兽日行万八千里通晓四方语言明君捧书护驾身旁
太殿金銮殿什呢殿金砖墁名金砖墁整镜光滑细腻洒层水发着幽暗光金砖真含金实种特殊方法烧制砖工艺考究复杂专皇宫制敲起金石声称作金砖烧种砖块相石米价钱见金砖含金确实贵重
殿72根柱支撑全部重量根雕龙金柱沥粉贴金围绕着宝座周围
殿中央藻井古代天井天窗形式演变面中国古代建筑特色设置尊贵建筑物神圣意藻井中央部位浮雕蟠龙口衔球(球铜胎中空外涂水银)球轩辕镜传说远古时代轩辕黄帝制造悬球藻井蟠龙联起构成游龙戏珠形式悬帝王宝座方示中国历代皇帝轩辕子孙黄帝正统继承者殿堂富丽堂皇雍容华贵镜正着宝座说袁世凯怕球掉砸死宝座挪现位置关龙椅里面段事9XX年(民国五年)袁世凯登基时原宝座搬走换西式高背椅饰设计帝国徽号说腿短椅座降低新中国成立寻找龙椅根张片破家具库找破椅专家鉴定椅子皇帝宝座修复展出
带客太殿东西侧铜缸处) 古陈设殿堂皇屋宇前缸称门海门海者盖门前海意古相信门前海怕闹火灾缸称吉祥缸陈设品消防器材科学民达古代宫中没水更没消防器材缸必须长年储满水备虞
清代时308口缸质量分类三种鎏金铜缸烧古铜缸铁缸中珍贵鎏金铜缸然鎏金铜缸没逃脱侵略者刺刀刮体厄运侵略者谁英美德法俄日意奥八国联军镇压中国民反帝义团运动19XX年83日85日八国联军攻陷北京进占紫禁城救死扶伤军官烧杀抢掠宫中颐园等处动掠夺文物侵略国馆区堆积山量文物伦敦巴黎纽约博物馆攫已切包括眼前口缸道道刮痕已成帝国义侵略中国铁证伪统治时期缸拉出宫门装日侵略军卡车制作子弹反屠杀国民
中殿前) 眼前方形建筑中殿皇帝举行典前先暂坐休息会见官员皇帝天日月四坛祭祀时前天中殿里祭文年二月皇帝先家坛举行亲耕仪式前天里阅视种子农具祝文里现陈列乾隆年间两面三刀顶肩舆八抬
城角 宫四城角角座九梁十八柱七十二条脊角楼建造四座角搂盖呢北京传说—
明燕王朱隶南京做永乐皇帝北京做王爷时候老方想迁北京派亲信臣北京盖皇官朱隶告诉臣：皇宫外墙——紫禁城四犄角盖四座样子特美丽角楼座角楼九梁十八柱七十二条脊说：做工臣吧果修盖杀头工臣领皇帝谕旨心里非常发愁知盖九梁十八柱七十二条脊角楼
工臣北京八十家包工木厂工头木匠说皇帝旨意限期三月定期盖成四座怪样子角楼说：果盖成皇帝然杀头没杀头前先头砍心脑袋工头木匠样工程没握常常块琢磨法子
三月期限短转眼月工头木匠没想出点头绪点办法做许样型合适时候正赶六七月三伏天气热喘气加心里烦闷工头木匠真坐合适躺合适位木匠师傅实呆住街闲遛
走着走着听见老远传片蝈蝈吵声接着听见声吆喝：买蝈蝈听睡着解闷走老头挑着许秫秸编蝈蝈笼子街卖中细秫秸棍插蝈蝈笼子精巧画里座楼阁样里头装着蝈蝈木匠师傅想：反正烦心事该死活买笼子着趣买
木匠提着蝈蝈笼子回工伙吵嚷起：心里怪烦买笼子蝈蝈成心吵着木匠笑着说：家睡着解闷吧瞧……原想说瞧笼子呀没说出嘴觉笼子点特急忙摆着手说：先吵吵嚷嚷数数说蝈蝈笼子梁啊柱啊脊呀细细数遍遍伙数吸引留神静静直着眼睛着点声音没
木匠数完蝈蝈笼子蹦起拍腿说：正九梁十八柱七十二条脊伙听高兴接笼子数数接笼子数数说：真九梁十八柱七十二条脊楼阁啊
伙受笼子启发琢磨出紫禁城角楼样子烫出纸浆做出样型修成现存角搂
旧称紫禁城明清两代皇宫中国现存完整古建筑群1988年联合国教科文组织列世界文化遗产
宫占72万方米屋宇9999间半建筑面积155万方米长方形城池四角矗立风格绮丽角楼墙外宽52米护城河环绕形成 森严壁垒城堡建筑气势雄伟豪华壮丽中国古代建筑艺术精华
宫四门正门名午门俗称五凤楼面凹形中重楼重檐庑殿顶两翼重檐楼阁四座明廊相连宏伟壮丽午门五座精巧汉白玉拱桥通太门东门名东华门西门名西华门北门名神武门
宫宫殿建筑布局外廷分廷外建筑气氛迥然外太中保三殿中心封建皇帝行权力举行盛典方廷乾清宫交泰殿坤宁宫中心封建帝王妃居住外文华殿武英殿御花园等
太殿 俗称金銮殿宫中心部位宫三殿建高约5米高汉白玉台基台基四周矗立成排云龙云凤柱前三座石阶中间石阶雕蟠龙衬托海浪流云御路殿沥粉金漆木柱精致蟠龙藻井挂正光明 匾殿中间封建皇权象征——金漆雕龙宝座太殿红墙黄瓦朱楹金扉阳光金碧辉煌宫壮观建筑中国木构殿宇
中殿 宫三殿位太殿面呈方形黄琉璃瓦四角攒尖顶正中鎏金宝顶形体壮丽建筑精巧
保殿 宫三殿中殿面长方形黄琉璃瓦四角攒尖 顶建筑装修彩绘十分精细绚丽
乾清宫 宫庭前面清康熙前处皇帝居住处理政务处清雍正皇帝移居养心殿批阅奏报选派官吏召见臣
交泰殿 乾清宫坤宁宫间面呈方形黄瓦四角攒尖顶清代封皇授皇册宝仪式皇诞辰礼举行
坤宁宫 宫庭面明时皇住清代改祭神场中东暖阁皇帝婚洞房康熙治光绪三帝均举行婚礼
游览宫天安门进门神武门进进入天安门穿片青砖铺广场便达紫禁城正门
午门里城墙高城门楼巍峨壮观威严感觉站里感渺古代统治者利建筑艺术增强帝王威慑力量服务突出例子
穿午门广场广场金水桥桥太门便雄伟太殿高处金水桥流广场条御河形状恰巨弓太殿中殿保殿穿乾清门便进入廷廷分中路东路西路三条路线果半日游三条路线游条般走中路走中路皇帝卧室(乾清宫)放置皇帝印玺方(交泰殿)皇帝结婚新房(坤宁宫)嫔妃住方(中已辟展厅)御花园般说半天时间游宫较吃力安排日游佳时间安排二日游
宫处处体现中国文化 宫许细节某种象征意义体现古代中国文化精粹紫禁城名中国古代哲学天文学关紫禁城紫紫微正中紫意皇宫间 正中禁指皇室居尊严严禁侵扰
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细心游客会发现宫里建筑名称仁中安等天安门太殿等代表意义中国儒家思想核心中正仁突出传统儒家理念
皇帝皇居住乾清宫交泰殿坤宁宫名儒家典易关周易说乾象征天代 表男坤象征代表女中间泰意安畅通整意思天交泰暗示帝关系谐加清正宁静皇宫生活想象异常美丽
宫里颜色深奥寓意宫黄色琉璃瓦室颜色黄色乾清宫布置尤突出种法源古代典尚书中五行说古认世界金木水火土五行构成五种元素相生相克世界变化定黄色代表土土万物皇帝万民皇宫黄色 宫中唯黑色琉璃瓦建筑藏书楼文渊阁五行中黑色象征水水克火藏书楼黑瓦代表水克火取防火意设计心谓良苦
欣赏恢宏外建筑物时仔细品味建筑象征文化意义会兴趣盎然情趣隽永解物化中国文化解伟宫
北京中华民族园导游词
2017北京导游词（4） | 返回目录
北京中华民族园导游词()
中华民族园坐落北京中轴线北端亚运村西南1994年6月18日正式游开放
北京中华民族园京城第座型民族文化基该园建设旨展示民族文化传统增强国民爱中华民族意识促进青少年民族文化认知时首民族提供面全国世界永久性窗口
全园占约45公顷分南北两园目前试开放北园占约20公顷园建民族村寨36民族博物馆民族展览馆雕塑广场干然景观北园民族村寨16建国铸铁仿真热带榕林水中溶洞土林盘龙瀑布阿里山神木沧源岩画等少数民族村寨均采1：1例亭楼屋寨山傍水错落致少数民族风格真实现出民族文化遗存
整公园集民族建筑文化展示歌舞表演体育竞技体座露天少数民族文博物馆10支民族表演队活跃村寨中进行吹笙歌弹琴纺纱蜡染等表演构成幅独特民族风情画
北京中华民族园建成京城处具特色公园成北京旅游新景点新热点许外国首脑贵宾专家称赞北京中华民族园正成中华民族活百科博物馆现民族园月月推出新活动园设施断完善
北京中华民族园导游词(二)
游客朋友家早导游xxx代xxx旅行社员欢迎家北京中华民族园天够机会带领家里参观导游感万分荣幸国家拥56民族分部省市治区常见少数民族汉族居约口10亿外55民族分布原山川城市间鲜族回族蒙古族朋友啊壮族朋友您壮族呢国家口少数民族概1550万珞巴族口少XX果家想56民族走访遍难天机会北京中华民族园中欣赏民族特色风情
北京中华民族园北京城座型民族文化基1994年正式游开放里展示中华民族文化传统全国族民提供面世界窗口游客朋友里解国民族饮食知识建筑知识手工艺品民俗俗等常识
北京中华民族园分南北两园40少数民族景区民族博物馆民族展览馆雕塑广场干然景观首先参观藏族景区藏族民生活青海四川甘肃云南西藏治区住口约210万家里建筑特点藏族冰雪民族高原气候干燥藏族房屋顶门防风御寒世界屋脊家布达拉宫建筑藏族区典型建筑
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文目录
1 2017北京导游词
2 北京宫博物院英文导游词
3 北京宫导游词详细版
4 北京中华民族园导游词
ladies and gentlemen
welcome to the great wall starting out in the east on the banks of the yale river in leaning province the wall stretches westwards for 12700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china the wall climbs up and down twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces——liaoning hebei shanxi shaanxi and gansu and two autonomous regions——ningxia and inner mongolia binding the northern china together
historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 bc during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century bc walls then was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments later in 221 bc the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today
the great wall is divided into two sections the east and west with shanxi province as the dividing line the west part is a rammed earth construction about 53 meters high on average in the eastern part the core of the wall is rammed earth as well but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu not far from beijing and both are open to visitors
the wall of those sections is 78 meters high and 65 meters wide at its base narrowing to 58 meters on the ramparts wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast twostoried watchtowers are built at approximately 400meters internals the top stories of the watchtower were designed for observing enemy movements while the first was used for storing grain fodder military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers the highest watchtower at badaling standing on a hilltop is reached only after a steep climb like climbing a ladder to heaven
there stand 14 major passes (guan in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan yet the most impressive one is juyongguan about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing
known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven) shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast it had been therefore a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty (16441911)
as a cultural heritage the wall belongs not only to china but to the world the venice charter says historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations significant social developments or historical events the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world in 1987 the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site
北京宫博物院英文导游词
2017北京导游词（2） | 返回目录
hello everyone
we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs it is simply a sea of palaces this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum
the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years the palace museum as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing is unique for its location to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea) to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street and to the north id jinshan park standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park you overlook the skyline of the palace museum at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china
a worldfamous historical site the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization
the palace museum is rectangular in shape 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west covering a space of 720000 square meters of which 150000 is building area it has 9000strong rooms in it according to legend there are 99995 roomunits in all the whole compound is enclosed by a 10meterhign wall and is accessed through four entrances namely the meridian gate in the south the gate of military prowess in the north donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams 18 pillars and 72 ridge encircling the compound there is a 3800meterlong and 52 meterwide moat making the palace museum a selfdefensive citywithina city
the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang the whole complex straddles on an 8kilometerslong central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north prominence was given to the royal power by putting the three main front halls and three back halls on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china for example the bricks laid in the halls known as gold brick underwent complex two –dozen processes as the final touch the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil involving complicated processes and high cost these brick are called golden bricks the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site
what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museumthe meridian gate which is characterized by red walls yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves on top of this walls yellow glazedtile roofs and upturned eaves on top of this magnificent building there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 roomunits it is flanked by two wings on each side the wings are square in shape complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles all of these structures are connected by a colonnade because these halls resemble a soaring bird it was also know as wufenglou (fivephoenix tower) inside the main hall there is a throne drums and bells were stored in the wings whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony drums bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion
as the legend goes the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed this not true however flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion on the other hand this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month) on these occasions chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials
upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members the rest were used by palatines aside from decoration the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood what is more according to ancient chinese cosmology the south is the abode of fire so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace in this way the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture
this building is called the gate of supreme harmony in the foreground stand two bronze lions can anybody tell which is male and which is female the one on the east playing with a ball is male symbolizing power and universal unity the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female the one on the east playing with a ball is male symbolizing power and universal unity the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female representing prosperity the endless succession a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance from it you can see that the palace museum has two main parts the forecourt and the inner court the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites behind the forecourt there is the inner court consisting of major halls and the imperial garden it was where the emperor attended state affairs lived and enjoyed his luxurious life the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums there are the three main halls of the palace museum built on a triple marble terrace since most of china `s architecture is made of wood the buildings cannot be too tall to gain the height of the architecture ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes which served as symbols of longevity on the east is a sundial an ancient timepiece on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable
in the front and on each flank there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony also known as the throne hall it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear with terrace exclusive the hall is 2692 meters in height and is 3503 meters in all covering and areaof 2377 square meters the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure the hall is supported by 6 thick round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons as the holiest place in the hall the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18000 kilometers a day and understand all languages) cranes and incense barrels over the throne there is the caisson or covered ceiling which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold magnificently built and luxuriously decorated this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs he used his hall for major events such as his birthday conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war
behind the hall of supreme harmony there sits the hall of complete harmony this structure is square in shape each side is 2415 meters this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers before he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall behind the hall of complete harmony you will see the hall of preserving harmony which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs the largest of its kind in the whole country it is 1657 meters in length 307 meters in width 17 meters thick and weighs 250 tons it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process
we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity emperor qianlong held court here proceeding further north you can find three main rear halls ie the hall of heavenly purity the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven the empress and concubines lived in the inner court
the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription be open and aboveboard a manifesto to court struggle behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty two copies of the will were prepared one was stashed by the emperor in person the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque after the death of the emperor the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne
behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there in the hall you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of we wei exhorting taoist doctrines
further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity which once served as the living room of the empresses` the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs
the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden )which was used by the emperor the empress and the concubines a magnificent structure stands in the middle it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style it served as a shrine to the taoist deity the garden covers a space of 12000 square meters and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south there are a dozen halls verandahs pavilions and waterside houses in the garden on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape the garden also features an imperial landscape with rare trees and exotic rockery the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks in all a total of 10strong building styles were applied
the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess the back door of the palace museum our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not on the other side of the road is the 43meterhign charcoal hill providing natural protection for the forbidden city this was also an embodiment of china` s construction styleputting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum
北京宫导游词详细版
2017北京导游词（3） | 返回目录
位游客家_____旅行社导游员姓____接天中陪伴家游览北京名胜风景希通讲解够您北京留非常美印象时希您工作提出宝贵意见现开始天游览行程吧
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天幸陪家道参观感高兴里世界闻名宫博物馆般家简称宫顾名思义昔日皇家宫殿19XX年清末代皇帝爱新觉溥仪迫宣告退位溯1420年明第三代永乐皇帝朱棣迁先明4位清0位4位皇帝座金碧辉煌宫城里统治中国长达五世纪久帝王家然规模宏气势磅礴时日里仅中国世界规模保存完整古代皇家宫殿建筑群座宫城集中体现国古代建筑艺术优秀传统独特风格建筑史具十分重位建筑艺术典作987年已联合国教科文组织评定世界文化遗产
宫称紫禁城究天文学说民间传说相互交融形成中国古代天文学家天星宿分三垣二十八宿三十天区中三垣指太微垣紫微垣天市垣紫微垣三垣中央正符合紫微居中说法古认紫外线微垣天帝座称紫宫皇帝天帝子间尊模仿天帝宫殿名冠紫表现位居中央环视天帝王气概说法指紫气东传说老子出函谷关关令尹喜见紫气东知道圣关果然老子骑青牛前喜便请写道德紫气东表示祥瑞帝王家然希出祥瑞天象紫命名理成章禁意思较明显皇宫禁戒备森严万民莫话决半虚924年末代皇帝逐出宫里正式开放前民百姓想踏半步家想紫禁城崇高威严神圣侵犯啊
紫禁城建北京历史里块风水宝说起话长宫明永乐四年(1406)开始修建XX年时间基建成天已70年历史家宫级红墙黄瓦建筑群什样呢道家阴阳五行学说认五行包括金木水火土中土占中央方位华夏民族世代生息黄土高原黄色产生种崇仰恋感情唐起黄色成代表皇家色彩服饰建筑红色寓意着美满吉祥富贵正原宫建筑基色调便采红黄两种颜色
宫占72万方米宫殿楼900间建筑面积约15万方米四周9米号称10米城墙墙外周52米宽护城河俗称筒子河城南北长约960米东西宽约760米城四角座结构奇异谐美观角楼呈八角形称九梁十八柱七十二条脊城四周设门南面正门午门北门神武门东门东华门西门西
华门宫施工中征集全国著名工匠23万民夫100万建筑材料全国汉白玉石料北京房山县五色虎皮石河北蓟县盘山花岗石采河北曲阳县宫殿墁方砖烧制苏州砌墙砖山东清烧宫殿墙壁红色原料产山东宣化(高青县)烟筒山木料湖广江西山西等省出时工程浩
眼前建筑午门午门紫禁城正门俗称五凤楼明代年正月十五午门悬灯赐食百官清代种活动取消年农历十月初里举行颁布次年年历仪式清代乾隆年间避乾隆帝弘历名颁历改称颁朔清代皇帝举行会祀元旦冬万寿婚等重节日里陈设卤簿仪仗外国家征战凯旋时皇帝午门接受献俘典礼果皇帝亲征午门出驾
关推出午门斩首说法戏剧午台野史说敷衍实际明代廷命官犯罪午门廷杖然严重场死(进午门金水桥前
现已宫里面正式游览前先介绍宫布局参观路线宫占2万方米样面积集种建筑手法建造组规模宏建筑群没纷杂现象反结构严谨色彩辉煌布局规整感觉手段建造中突出条极明显中轴红条中轴线整座北京城机结体北钟楼南永定门总长度约8公里皇家禁区苑部分约占三分宫重建筑条中轴线建筑分东西称分布整宫殿设计布局表现封建君尊严封建等级制度森严
宫分外廷现外南端正前面太门门前青铜狮子威严凶悍成门前桥头守卫者象征着权力尊严皇帝贵天子门前狮子然精美高东边立雄狮前爪幼狮象征皇权永存千秋万代眼前条河金水河起装饰防水河五座桥象征孔子提倡五德：仁义礼智信整条河外观象支弓中轴线箭表明皇帝受命天代天帝治理国家
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宫建筑分外廷两部分
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宫中建筑突出中轴线外种手法宫城中组建筑独具特色殿基处理殿顶形式吻兽垂脊兽数目彩绘图案规制等等样仅建筑更显高壮观表现宫中建筑等级差民间传说宫999间半
说天皇宫0000间皇帝称天子敢数少半间半间房呢指便文渊阁西头间实际紫禁城000余间谓半间根存文渊阁西头间面积仅容纳楼梯整间文渊阁楼藏国第部四库全书方顾布局美观西头间建造格外
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女士先生前面殿太殿俗称金銮殿宫宫殿建筑面377方米重檐庑殿顶殿宇中高等级外三殿中座太殿建三层重叠工型须弥座汉白玉雕成离余米层台1级中层级
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明清两24皇帝登基宣布位诏书元旦冬皇帝生日册立皇颁布法令政令派出征金殿传胪赐安等等皇帝里举行仪式接受文武百官贺
广场太殿广场面积达3万方米整广场草木空旷宁静森严肃穆感觉正中御路左右面铺砖横七竖八15层防挖道进入皇宫周围缸做什呢宫里308缸储水防炎缸烧炭加温防止冬天缸水结冰什建广场呢感
觉太殿雄伟壮观站面前：蓝天黄瓦生辉层层石台白云加香烟缭绕整太殿天仙境样举行典时殿珐琅仙鹤盘点蜡烛香亭香炉烧檀香露台铜炉龟鹤燃松柏枝殿前两侧香烟缭绕全场鸦雀声皇帝登宝座时鼓乐齐鸣文武臣吕级跪伏广场仰着云中楼阁山呼万岁显示皇帝权威尊严
清末代皇帝溥仪19XX年底登基时年仅3岁父亲摄政王载沣抱扶宝座典开始时差突然鼓乐齐鸣吓皇帝哭闹止嚷着回家载沣急满头汗哄着皇帝说：哭哭快完快完臣认话吉祥说巧年清果真灭亡结束国XX年封建统治
太殿石台) 铜香炉皇帝举行典礼时焚烧檀香里18座代表清18省殿外左右安放四铜缸象征金瓯缺作贮水防火台基东西两侧铜制仙鹤龟长寿象征铅铸造成器具嘉量嘉量时量标准器表示皇帝公处事谁半斤谁八两心中然数面石头做成器具做日晷古代测时仪皇帝意思：量时基准手里
太殿正面12根圆红柱东西约63米南北进深7米5米殿前丹陛三层五出殿前金0金锁6整殿雕梁画栋豪华富丽殿中央设米高台面摆放着雕9条金龙楠木宝座面金漆围屏前面御案左右称宝象角端仙鹤香筒等陈列品象驮宝瓶装五谷象征太景象五谷丰登角端国古代神话传说中种神兽日行万八千里通晓四方语言明君捧书护驾身旁
太殿金銮殿什呢殿金砖墁名金砖墁整镜光滑细腻洒层水发着幽暗光金砖真含金实种特殊方法烧制砖工艺考究复杂专皇宫制敲起金石声称作金砖烧种砖块相石米价钱见金砖含金确实贵重
殿72根柱支撑全部重量根雕龙金柱沥粉贴金围绕着宝座周围
殿中央藻井古代天井天窗形式演变面中国古代建筑特色设置尊贵建筑物神圣意藻井中央部位浮雕蟠龙口衔球(球铜胎中空外涂水银)球轩辕镜传说远古时代轩辕黄帝制造悬球藻井蟠龙联起构成游龙戏珠形式悬帝王宝座方示中国历代皇帝轩辕子孙黄帝正统继承者殿堂富丽堂皇雍容华贵镜正着宝座说袁世凯怕球掉砸死宝座挪现位置关龙椅里面段事9XX年(民国五年)袁世凯登基时原宝座搬走换西式高背椅饰设计帝国徽号说腿短椅座降低新中国成立寻找龙椅根张片破家具库找破椅专家鉴定椅子皇帝宝座修复展出
带客太殿东西侧铜缸处) 古陈设殿堂皇屋宇前缸称门海门海者盖门前海意古相信门前海怕闹火灾缸称吉祥缸陈设品消防器材科学民达古代宫中没水更没消防器材缸必须长年储满水备虞
清代时308口缸质量分类三种鎏金铜缸烧古铜缸铁缸中珍贵鎏金铜缸然鎏金铜缸没逃脱侵略者刺刀刮体厄运侵略者谁英美德法俄日意奥八国联军镇压中国民反帝义团运动19XX年83日85日八国联军攻陷北京进占紫禁城救死扶伤军官烧杀抢掠宫中颐园等处动掠夺文物侵略国馆区堆积山量文物伦敦巴黎纽约博物馆攫已切包括眼前口缸道道刮痕已成帝国义侵略中国铁证伪统治时期缸拉出宫门装日侵略军卡车制作子弹反屠杀国民
中殿前) 眼前方形建筑中殿皇帝举行典前先暂坐休息会见官员皇帝天日月四坛祭祀时前天中殿里祭文年二月皇帝先家坛举行亲耕仪式前天里阅视种子农具祝文里现陈列乾隆年间两面三刀顶肩舆八抬
城角 宫四城角角座九梁十八柱七十二条脊角楼建造四座角搂盖呢北京传说—
明燕王朱隶南京做永乐皇帝北京做王爷时候老方想迁北京派亲信臣北京盖皇官朱隶告诉臣：皇宫外墙——紫禁城四犄角盖四座样子特美丽角楼座角楼九梁十八柱七十二条脊说：做工臣吧果修盖杀头工臣领皇帝谕旨心里非常发愁知盖九梁十八柱七十二条脊角楼
工臣北京八十家包工木厂工头木匠说皇帝旨意限期三月定期盖成四座怪样子角楼说：果盖成皇帝然杀头没杀头前先头砍心脑袋工头木匠样工程没握常常块琢磨法子
三月期限短转眼月工头木匠没想出点头绪点办法做许样型合适时候正赶六七月三伏天气热喘气加心里烦闷工头木匠真坐合适躺合适位木匠师傅实呆住街闲遛
走着走着听见老远传片蝈蝈吵声接着听见声吆喝：买蝈蝈听睡着解闷走老头挑着许秫秸编蝈蝈笼子街卖中细秫秸棍插蝈蝈笼子精巧画里座楼阁样里头装着蝈蝈木匠师傅想：反正烦心事该死活买笼子着趣买
木匠提着蝈蝈笼子回工伙吵嚷起：心里怪烦买笼子蝈蝈成心吵着木匠笑着说：家睡着解闷吧瞧……原想说瞧笼子呀没说出嘴觉笼子点特急忙摆着手说：先吵吵嚷嚷数数说蝈蝈笼子梁啊柱啊脊呀细细数遍遍伙数吸引留神静静直着眼睛着点声音没
木匠数完蝈蝈笼子蹦起拍腿说：正九梁十八柱七十二条脊伙听高兴接笼子数数接笼子数数说：真九梁十八柱七十二条脊楼阁啊
伙受笼子启发琢磨出紫禁城角楼样子烫出纸浆做出样型修成现存角搂
旧称紫禁城明清两代皇宫中国现存完整古建筑群1988年联合国教科文组织列世界文化遗产
宫占72万方米屋宇9999间半建筑面积155万方米长方形城池四角矗立风格绮丽角楼墙外宽52米护城河环绕形成 森严壁垒城堡建筑气势雄伟豪华壮丽中国古代建筑艺术精华
宫四门正门名午门俗称五凤楼面凹形中重楼重檐庑殿顶两翼重檐楼阁四座明廊相连宏伟壮丽午门五座精巧汉白玉拱桥通太门东门名东华门西门名西华门北门名神武门
宫宫殿建筑布局外廷分廷外建筑气氛迥然外太中保三殿中心封建皇帝行权力举行盛典方廷乾清宫交泰殿坤宁宫中心封建帝王妃居住外文华殿武英殿御花园等
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游览宫天安门进门神武门进进入天安门穿片青砖铺广场便达紫禁城正门
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宫处处体现中国文化 宫许细节某种象征意义体现古代中国文化精粹紫禁城名中国古代哲学天文学关紫禁城紫紫微正中紫意皇宫间 正中禁指皇室居尊严严禁侵扰
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细心游客会发现宫里建筑名称仁中安等天安门太殿等代表意义中国儒家思想核心中正仁突出传统儒家理念
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北京中华民族园导游词
2017北京导游词（4） | 返回目录
北京中华民族园导游词()
中华民族园坐落北京中轴线北端亚运村西南1994年6月18日正式游开放
北京中华民族园京城第座型民族文化基该园建设旨展示民族文化传统增强国民爱中华民族意识促进青少年民族文化认知时首民族提供面全国世界永久性窗口
全园占约45公顷分南北两园目前试开放北园占约20公顷园建民族村寨36民族博物馆民族展览馆雕塑广场干然景观北园民族村寨16建国铸铁仿真热带榕林水中溶洞土林盘龙瀑布阿里山神木沧源岩画等少数民族村寨均采1：1例亭楼屋寨山傍水错落致少数民族风格真实现出民族文化遗存
整公园集民族建筑文化展示歌舞表演体育竞技体座露天少数民族文博物馆10支民族表演队活跃村寨中进行吹笙歌弹琴纺纱蜡染等表演构成幅独特民族风情画
北京中华民族园建成京城处具特色公园成北京旅游新景点新热点许外国首脑贵宾专家称赞北京中华民族园正成中华民族活百科博物馆现民族园月月推出新活动园设施断完善
北京中华民族园导游词(二)
游客朋友家早导游xxx代xxx旅行社员欢迎家北京中华民族园天够机会带领家里参观导游感万分荣幸国家拥56民族分部省市治区常见少数民族汉族居约口10亿外55民族分布原山川城市间鲜族回族蒙古族朋友啊壮族朋友您壮族呢国家口少数民族概1550万珞巴族口少XX果家想56民族走访遍难天机会北京中华民族园中欣赏民族特色风情
北京中华民族园北京城座型民族文化基1994年正式游开放里展示中华民族文化传统全国族民提供面世界窗口游客朋友里解国民族饮食知识建筑知识手工艺品民俗俗等常识
北京中华民族园分南北两园40少数民族景区民族博物馆民族展览馆雕塑广场干然景观首先参观藏族景区藏族民生活青海四川甘肃云南西藏治区住口约210万家里建筑特点藏族冰雪民族高原气候干燥藏族房屋顶门防风御寒世界屋脊家布达拉宫建筑藏族区典型建筑
家请左转现苗族寨子苗族姑娘非常热情果进入寨子必须通特殊接方式果喝光姑娘献酒走路代表进寨子呵呵提起苗族家印象深肯定姑娘带银饰项链手镯头饰世世代代流传时会佩戴遇重场合会穿戴十公斤饰品
家高树木竹子做成房子家具寨子傣族生活亚热带区竹子装饰做家具傣族通常生活云南西双版纳区象泼水节傣族特色景点
北园建民族村寨十六包括藏族苗族彝族侗族台湾高山族鲜族布族哈尼族羌族傣族景颇族达斡尔族鄂温克族鄂伦春族赫哲族等景区北京中华民族园坐落北京中轴线北端亚运村西南欢迎族全世界民前参观
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