答案：第11页
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS（2008）—GRADE EIGHT—
TIME LIMIT 195MIN
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)
SECTION A MINI LECTURE
In this section you will hear a minilecture You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening take notes on the important points You notes will not be market but you will need them to complete a gapfilling task for after the mini lecture When the lecture is over you will be given two minutes to check your notes and another ten minutes to complete the gapfilling task on
ANSWER SHEET ONE
Use the blank sheet for note tanking
SECTION B INTERVIEW
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow Mark the correct answer to each question on your colored answer sheet
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions
Now listen to the interview
1 Mary doesn＇t seem to favour the idea of a new airport because
A the existing airports are to be wasted
B more people will be encouraged to travel
C more oil will be consumed
D more airplanes will be purchased
2 Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage
A More people in the area B Noise and motorways
C Waste of land D Unnecessary travel
3 Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPT
A more job opportunities B vitality to the local economy
C road construction D presence of aircrew in the area
4 Mary thinks that people dont need to do much travel nowadays as a result of
A less emphasis on personal contact
B advances in modern telecommunications
C recent changes in peoples concepts
D more potential damage to the area
5 We learn from the conversation that Freddy is Marys ideas
A strongly in favour of B mildly in favour of
C strongly against D mildly against
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet
Question 6 is based on the following news At the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question Now listen to the news
6 What is the main idea of the news item
A A new government was formed after Sundays elections
B The new government intends to change the welfare system
C The Social Democratic Party founded the welfare system
D The Social Democratic Party was responsible for high unemployment
Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news At the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questionsNow listen to the news
7 The tapes of the Apollo11 mission were first stored in
A a US government archives warehouse
B a NASA ground tracking station
C the Goddard Space Flight Centre
D none of the above places
8 What does the news item say about Richard Nafzger
A He is assigned the task to look for the tapes
B He believes that the tapes are probably lost
C He works in a NASA ground receiving site
D He had asked for the tapes in the 1970s
Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news At the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questionsNow listen to the news
9 The example in the news item is cited mainly to show
A that doctors are sometimes professionally incompetent
B that in cases like that hospitals have to pay huge compensations
C that language barriers might lower the quality of treatment
D that language barriers can result in fatal consequences
10 According to Dr Flores hospitals and clinics
A have seen the need for hiring trained interpreters
B have realized the problems of language barriers
C have begun training their staff to be bilinguals
D have taken steps to provide accurate diagnosis
PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)
In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiplechoice questions Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet
TEXT A
At the age of 16 Lee Hyuk Joons life is a living hell The South Korean 10th grader gets up at 6 in the morning to go to school and studies most of the day until returning home at 6 pm After dinner its time to hit the books again—at one of Seouls many socalled cram schools Lee gets back home at 1 in the morning sleeps less than five hours then repeats the routine—five days a week Its a grueling schedule but Lee worries that it may not be good enough to get him into a top university Some of his classmates study even harder
South Koreas education system has long been highly competitive But for Lee and the other 700000 highschool sophomores in the country highschool studies have gotten even more intense Thats because South Korea has conceived a new collegeentrance system which will be implemented in 2008 This years 10th graders will be the first group evaluated by the new admissions standard which places more emphasis on grades in the three years of high school and less on nationwide SATstyle and other selection tests which have traditionally determined which students go to the elite colleges
The change was made mostly to reduce what the government says is a growing education gap in the country wealthy students go to the best colleges and get the best jobs keeping the children of poorer families on the social margins The aim is to reduce the importance of costly tutors and cram schools partly to help students enjoy a more normal highschool life But the new system has had the opposite effect Before students didnt worry too much about their gradepoint averages the big challenge was beating he standardized tests as highschool seniors Now students are competing against one another over a threeyear period and every midterm and final test is crucial Fretful parents are relying even more heavily on tutors and cram schools to help their children succeed
Parents and kids have sent thousands of angry online letters to the Education Ministry complaining that the new admissions standard is setting students against each other One can succeed only when others fail as one parent said
Education experts say that South Koreas public secondaryschool system is foundering while private education is thriving According to critics the countrys high schools are almost uniformly mediocre—the result of an egalitarian government education policy With the number of elite schools strictly controlled by the government even the brightest students typically have to settle for ordinary schools in their neighbourhoods where the curriculum is centred on average students To make up for the mediocrity zealous parents send their kids to the expensive cram schools Students in affluent southern Seoul neighbourhoods complain that the new system will hurt them the most
Nearly all Korean high schools will be weighted equally in the collegeentrance process and relatively weak students in provincial schools who may not score well on standardized tests often compile good gradepoint averages
Some universities particularly prestigious ones openly complain that they cannot select the best students under the new system because it eliminates differences among high schools Theyve asked for more discretion in picking students by giving more weight to such screening tools as essay writing or interviews
President Roh Moo Hyun doesnt like how some colleges are trying to circumvent the new system He recently criticized greedy universities that focus more on finding the best students than faying to nurture good students But amid the crossfire between the government and universities the countrys 10th graders are feeling the stress On online protest sites some are calling themselves a cursed generation and mice in a lab experiment It all seems a touch melodramatic but thats the South Korean school system
11 According to the passage the new collegeentrance system is designed to
A require students to sit for more collegeentrance tests
B reduce the weight of collegeentrance tests
C select students on their high school grades only
D reduce the number of prospective college applicants
12 What seems to be the effect of introducing the new system
A The system has given equal opportunities to students
B The system has reduced the number of cram schools
C The system has intensified competition among schools
D The system has increased students study load
13 According to critics the popularity of private education is mainly the result of
A the governments egalitarian policy B insufficient number of schools
C curriculums of average quality D low cost of private education
14 According to the passage there seems to be disagreement over the adoption of the new system between the following groups EXCEPT
A between universities and the government
B between school experts and the government
C between parents and schools
D between parents and the government
15 Which of the following adjectives best describes the authors treatment of the topic
A Objective B Positive C Negative D Biased
TEXT B
Wilfred EmmanuelJones was a teenager before he saw his first cow in his first field Born in Jamaica the 47yearold grew up in innercity Birmingham before making a career as a television producer and launching his own marketing agency But deep down he always nurtured every true Englishmans dream of a rustic life a dream that his entrepreneurial wealth has allowed him to satisfy These days hes the owner of a thriving 12hectare farm in deepest Devon with cattle sheep and pigs His latest business venture pushing his brand of Black Fanner gourmet sausages and barbecue sauces My background may be very urban says EmmanuelJones
But it has given me a good idea of what other urbanites want
And of how to sell it EmmanuelJones joins a herd of wealthy fugitives from city life who are bringing a new commercial knowhow to British farming Britains burgeoning farmers markets numbers have doubled to at least 500 in the last five years—swarm with specialty cheesemakers beekeepers or organic smallholders who are redeploying the business skills they learned in the city Everyone in the rural community has to
come to terms with the fact that things have changed Says EmmanuelJones You can produce the best food in the world but if you dont know how to market it you are wasting your time We are helping the traditionalists to move on
The emergence of the new class of superpeasants reflects some old yearnings If the British were the first nation to industrialize they were also the first to head back to the land There is this romantic image of the countryside that is particularly English says Alun Howkins of the University of Sussex who reckons the population of rural England has been rising since 1911 Migration into rural areas is now running at about 100000
a year and the hunger for a taste of the rural life has kept land prices buoyant even as agricultural incomes tumble About 40 percent of all farmland is now sold to lifestyle buyers rather than the dwindling number of traditional farmers according to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
Whats new about the latest returnees is their affluence and zeal for the business of producing quality foods if only at a microlevel A healthy economy and surging London house prices have helped to ease the escape of the wouldbe rustics The media recognize and feed the fantasy One of the big TV hits of recent years the River
Cottage series chronicled the attempts of a London chef to run his own Dorset farm Naturally the newcomers cant hope to match their City salaries but many are happy to trade any loss of income for the extra job satisfaction Who cares if theres no sixfigure annual bonus when the land offers other incalculable compensations
Besides the specialist producers can at least depend on a burgeoning market for their products Todays ecoaware generation loves to seek out authentic ingredients People like me may be making a difference in a small way Jan McCourt a onetime investment banker now running his own 40hectare spread in the English Midlands stocked with rare breedsOptimists see signs of farreaching change Britain isnt catching up with mainland Europe its leading the way Unlike most other countries where artisanal food production is being eroded here it is being recovered says food writer Matthew Fort It may be the mark of the next stage of civilization that we rediscover the desirability of being a peasant And not an investment banker
16 Which of the following details of Wilfred EmmanuelJones is INCORRECT
A He was born and brought up in Birmingham
B He used to work in the television industry
C He is wealthy adventurous and aspiring
D He is now selling his own quality foods
17 Most importantly people like Wilfred have brought to traditional British farming
A knowledge of farming
B knowledge of brand names
C knowledge of lifestyle
D knowledge of marketing
18 Which of the following does NOT contribute to the emergence of a new class of farmers
A Strong desire for country life
B Longing for greater wealth
C Influence of TV productions
D Enthusiasm for quality food business
19 What is seen as their additional source of new income
A Modern tendency to buy natural foods
B Increase in the value of land property
C Raising and selling rare live stock V
D Publicity as a result of media coverage
20 The sentence in the last paragraph Britain isnt catching up with mainland Europe its leading the way implies that
A Britain has taken a different path to boost economy
B more authentic foods are being produced in Britain
C the British are heading back to the countryside
D the Europeans are showing great interest in country life
TEXT C
In Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells but these arent stereotypical castles in Spain These castles are made up of human beings not stone The people who perform this agile feat of acrobatics are called castellers and to see their towers take shape is to observe a marvel of human cooperation
First the castellers form what looks like a gigantic rugby scrummage They are the foundation blocks of the castle Behind them other people press together forming outwardradiating ramparts of inwardpushing muscle flying buttresses for the castle Then sturdy but lighter castellers scramble over the backs of those at the bottom and stand barefoot on their shoulders—then still others each time adding a higher story
These human towers can rise higher than small apartment buildings nine stories 35 feet into the air Then just When it seems this tower of humanity cant defy gravity any longer a little kid emerges from the crowd and climbs straight up to the top
Arms extended the child grins while waving to the cheering crowd far below
Dressed in their traditional costumes the castellers seem to epitomize an easier time before Barcelona became a world metropolis arid the Mediterraneans most dynamic city But when you observethem tip close in their street clothes at practice you see theres nothing easy about what the castellers do and that they are not merely reenacting an ancient ritual
None of the castellers cangive a logical answer as to why they love doing this But Victor Luna 16 touches me on the shoulder and says in English We do it because its beautiful We do it because we are Catalan
Barcelona’s mother tongue is Catalan and to understand Barcelona you must understand two words of Catalan seny and rauxa Seny pretty much translates as common sense or the ability to make money arrange things and get things done Rauxa is reminiscent of our words raucous and ruckus
What makes the castellers revealing of the city is that they embody rauxa and seny The idea of a human castle is rauxa—it defies common sense—but to watch one going up is to see seny in action Success is based on everyone working together to achieve a shared goal
The success of Carlos Tusquets bank Fibanc shows seny at work in everyday life The bank started as a family concern and now employs hundreds Tusquets said it exemplifies how the economy in Barcelona is different
Entrepreneurial seny demonstrates why Barcelona and Catalonia—the ancient region of which Barcelona is the capital—are distinct from the rest of Spain yet essential to Spains emergence after centuries of repression as a prosperous democratic European
country Catalonia with Barcelona as its dynamo has turned into an economic powerhouse Making up 6 percent of Spain’s territory with a sixth of its people it accounts for nearly a quarter of Spains production—everything from textiles to computers—even though the rest of Spain has been enjoying its own economic miracle
Hand in hand with seny goes rauxa and theres no better place to see rauxa in action than on the Ramblas the venerable treeshaded boulevard that in gentle stages leads you from the centre of Barcelona down to the port There are two narrow lanes each way for cars and motorbikes but it’s the wide centre walkway that makes the Ramblas a frontrow seat for Barcelonas longest running theatrical event Plastic armchairs are set out on the sidewalk Sit in one of them and an attendant will come and charge you a small fee Performance artists throng the Ramblas—stilt walkers witches caked in charcoal dust Elvis impersonators But the real stars are the old women and happily playing children millionaires on motorbikes and pimps and
women who upon closer inspection prove not to be
Aficionados (Fans) of Barcelona love to compare notes Last night there was a man standing on the balcony of his hotel room Mariana Bertagnolli an Italian photographer told me The balcony was on the second floor He was naked and he was talking
into a cell phone
There you have it Barcelonas essence The man is naked (rauxa) but he is talking into a cell phone (seny)
21 From the description in the passage we learn that
A all Catalonians can perform castells
B castells require performers to stand on each other
C people perform castells in different formations
D in castells people have to push and pull each other
22 According to the passage the4mplication of the performance is that
A the Catalonians are insensible and noisy people
B the Catalonians show more sense than is expected
C the Catalonians display paradoxical characteristics
D the Catalonians think highly of team work
23 The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT __________ to show seny at work
A development of a bank B dynamic role in economy
C contribution to national economy D comparison with other regions
24 In the last but two paragraph the Ramblas is described as a frontrow seat for Barcelona’s longest running theatrical event What does it mean
A On the Ramblas people can see a greater variety of performances
B The Ramblas provides many front seats for the performances
C The Ramblas is preferred as an important venue for the events
D Theatrical performers like to perform on the Ramblas
25 What is the main impression of the scenes on the Ramblas
A It is bizarre and Outlandish B It is of average quality
C It is conventional and quiet D It is of professional standard
TEXT D
The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year after his funeral After his death the firms letterhead properly included him Patrick S Lanigan 19541992 He was listed up in the righthand corner just above the paralegals Then the rumors got started and wouldnt stop Before long everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared After three months no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead His name came off the letterhead
as the debts piled up
The remaining partners in the law firm were still together attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits thus the bankruptcy Since Patricks departure they had tried every possible way to divorce one another but nothing would work Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors but nevertogether The other two were in recovery still teetering on the brink of sobriety
He took their money Their millions Money they had already spent long before it arrived as only lawyers can do Money for their richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi Money for new homes yachts condos in the Caribbean The money was on the way approved the papers signed orders entered they could see it almost touch it when their dead partner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second
He was dead They buried him on February 11 1992 They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead Yet six weeks later he somehow stole their money
They had brawled over who was to blame Charles Bogan the firms senior partner and its iron hand had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore and this made sense after some discussion It was ninety million bucks
a third of which the firm would keep and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi population fifty thousand Someone at the bank would talk Soon everyone would know All four vowed secrecy even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible There had even been talk of a firm jet a sixseater
So Bogan took his share of the blame At fortynine he was the oldest of the four and at the moment the most stable He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier and for this he had received no small amount of grief
Doug Vitrano the litigator had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner The other three had agreed and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name he had access to virtually every file in the office Bogan Rapley Vitrano Havarac and Lanigan Attorneys and CounselorsatLaw A large ad in the yellow pages claimed Specialists in Offshore Injuries Specialists or not like most firms they
would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative Lots of secretaries and paralegals Big overhead and the strongest political connections on the Coast
They were all in their mid to late forties Havarac had been raised by his father on a shrimp boat His hands were still proudly calloused and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped Rapley was severely depressed and seldom left his home where he wrote briefs in a dark office in the attic
26 What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patricks disappearance
A They all wanted to divorce their wives
B They were all heavily involved in debts
C They were all recovering from drinking
D They had bought new homes yachts etc
27 Which of the following statements contains a metaphor
A His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up
B …they could see it almost touch it when their dead partner
C … attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages
D … and for this he had received no small amount of grief
28 According to the passage what is the main cause of Patrick stealing the money
A Patrick was made a partner of the firm
B The partners agreed to have the money transferred
C Patrick had access to all the files in the firm
D Bogan decided to hire Patrick nine years earlier
29 The lawyers were described as being all the following EXCEPT
A greedy B extravagant C quarrelsome D badtempered
30 Which of the following implies a contrast
A … and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi population fifty thousand
B They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits thus the bankruptcy
C There had even been talk of a firm jet a sixseater
D His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up
PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)
There are ten multiplechoice questions in this section Choose the best answer to each question Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet
31 The largest city in Canada is
A Vancouver B Montreal C Toronto D Ottawa
32 According to the United States Constitution the legislative power is invested in
A the Federal Government B the Supreme Court
C the Cabinet D the Congress
33 Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States
A Baseball B Tennis C Basketball D American football
34 The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is
A the President B the GovernorGeneral
C the British monarch D the Prime Minister
35 The Canterbury Tales a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury is an important poetic work by
A William Langland B Geoffrey Chaucer
C William Shakespeare D Alfred Tennyson
36 Who wrote The American
A Herman Melville B Nathaniel Hawthorne
C Henry James D Theodore Dreiser
37 All of the following are wellknown female writers in 20th century Britain EXCEPT
A George Eliot B Iris Jean Murdoch
C Doris Lessing D Muriel Spark
38 Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language
A Arbitrariness B Displacement
C Duality D Diachronicity
39 What type of sentence is Mark likes fiction but Tim is interested in poetry
A A simple sentence B A coordinate sentence
C A complex sentence D None of the above
40 The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called
A hyponymy B synonymy
C polysemy D homonymy
PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)
Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed
PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE
市寸土千金价炒越越高更高拥花园希寻常辈啻种奢种梦想
想实谁花园便心世界智力需开发心世界需开发动物区众周知诸方面恐怕心世界心重脏器心世界种景观外部世界断作心渐渐形成关注亲爱心脏渐损稍微疾便惶惶终日非关注亲爱心世界阴晴
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following text into Chinese Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE
But as has been true in many other cases when they were at last married the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical Instead of having shared their original duties and as schoolboys would say going halves they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled This led to some distressing moments for both our friends they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations Instead of being freer and happier than ever before they had assumed new responsibilities they had established a new household and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it They looked back with affection to their engagement they had been longing to have each other to themselves apart from the world but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society
PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)
In a few months’ time you are going to graduate from university How do you think your college years have prepared you for your future life Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic
What I have learned from my years at university
In the first part of your essay you should state dearly your main argument and in the second part you should support your
argument with appropriate details In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary
Mark will be awarded for content organization grammar and appropriacy Failure to follow the above instructions may result
in a loss of marks
Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR
2008年全国英语专业八级考试参考答案
Section A
1 native language 2 350 3 Historical 4 India 5 commerce 6 Boom 7 sea travel communication 8 conference 9 many radios 10 split
Section B
15BCACD
Secton C
610DABCB 1115CBDAC 1620BDCDB 2125CADDB 2630CADBC
文知识
3140BCADBBDACD
翻译：
汉译英（参考）：
Spiritual Garden
I think everyone in effect has a small garden or a flower bed of his own namely our inner world There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence as is the case with their inner world What distinguishes between human beings and animals apart from the various aspects which are universally known may probably be in that human beings have an inner world Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind
英译汉（参考）：
正许已发生事情样终结婚发现憧憬生活变实际非没分担原先责正学生说半半相反发现生活重担加倍两结婚朋友时常觉沮丧突然发现没着天堂般生活实实生活球成新规新约束奴隶生活没前更更幸福承担新责然成立新家庭点家庭义务深情回想起订婚段时光渴拥彼忘掉世界然现深切感受世界份子
改错
1 one改thing
2 have（掉）
3 a改their
4 at the time加when
5 by改with
6 those改that
7 on掉
8 At改In
9 carrying 家on
10 now改ago
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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS（2008）—GRADE EIGHT—
TIME LIMIT 195MIN
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)
SECTION A MINI LECTURE
In this section you will hear a minilecture You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening take notes on the important points You notes will not be market but you will need them to complete a gapfilling task for after the mini lecture When the lecture is over you will be given two minutes to check your notes and another ten minutes to complete the gapfilling task on
ANSWER SHEET ONE
Use the blank sheet for note tanking
SECTION B INTERVIEW
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow Mark the correct answer to each question on your colored answer sheet
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions
Now listen to the interview
1 Mary doesn＇t seem to favour the idea of a new airport because
A the existing airports are to be wasted
B more people will be encouraged to travel
C more oil will be consumed
D more airplanes will be purchased
2 Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage
A More people in the area B Noise and motorways
C Waste of land D Unnecessary travel
3 Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPT
A more job opportunities B vitality to the local economy
C road construction D presence of aircrew in the area
4 Mary thinks that people dont need to do much travel nowadays as a result of
A less emphasis on personal contact
B advances in modern telecommunications
C recent changes in peoples concepts
D more potential damage to the area
5 We learn from the conversation that Freddy is Marys ideas
A strongly in favour of B mildly in favour of
C strongly against D mildly against
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet
Question 6 is based on the following news At the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question Now listen to the news
6 What is the main idea of the news item
A A new government was formed after Sundays elections
B The new government intends to change the welfare system
C The Social Democratic Party founded the welfare system
D The Social Democratic Party was responsible for high unemployment
Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news At the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questionsNow listen to the news
7 The tapes of the Apollo11 mission were first stored in
A a US government archives warehouse
B a NASA ground tracking station
C the Goddard Space Flight Centre
D none of the above places
8 What does the news item say about Richard Nafzger
A He is assigned the task to look for the tapes
B He believes that the tapes are probably lost
C He works in a NASA ground receiving site
D He had asked for the tapes in the 1970s
Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news At the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questionsNow listen to the news
9 The example in the news item is cited mainly to show
A that doctors are sometimes professionally incompetent
B that in cases like that hospitals have to pay huge compensations
C that language barriers might lower the quality of treatment
D that language barriers can result in fatal consequences
10 According to Dr Flores hospitals and clinics
A have seen the need for hiring trained interpreters
B have realized the problems of language barriers
C have begun training their staff to be bilinguals
D have taken steps to provide accurate diagnosis
PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)
In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiplechoice questions Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet
TEXT A
At the age of 16 Lee Hyuk Joons life is a living hell The South Korean 10th grader gets up at 6 in the morning to go to school and studies most of the day until returning home at 6 pm After dinner its time to hit the books again—at one of Seouls many socalled cram schools Lee gets back home at 1 in the morning sleeps less than five hours then repeats the routine—five days a week Its a grueling schedule but Lee worries that it may not be good enough to get him into a top university Some of his classmates study even harder
South Koreas education system has long been highly competitive But for Lee and the other 700000 highschool sophomores in the country highschool studies have gotten even more intense Thats because South Korea has conceived a new collegeentrance system which will be implemented in 2008 This years 10th graders will be the first group evaluated by the new admissions standard which places more emphasis on grades in the three years of high school and less on nationwide SATstyle and other selection tests which have traditionally determined which students go to the elite colleges
The change was made mostly to reduce what the government says is a growing education gap in the country wealthy students go to the best colleges and get the best jobs keeping the children of poorer families on the social margins The aim is to reduce the importance of costly tutors and cram schools partly to help students enjoy a more normal highschool life But the new system has had the opposite effect Before students didnt worry too much about their gradepoint averages the big challenge was beating he standardized tests as highschool seniors Now students are competing against one another over a threeyear period and every midterm and final test is crucial Fretful parents are relying even more heavily on tutors and cram schools to help their children succeed
Parents and kids have sent thousands of angry online letters to the Education Ministry complaining that the new admissions standard is setting students against each other One can succeed only when others fail as one parent said
Education experts say that South Koreas public secondaryschool system is foundering while private education is thriving According to critics the countrys high schools are almost uniformly mediocre—the result of an egalitarian government education policy With the number of elite schools strictly controlled by the government even the brightest students typically have to settle for ordinary schools in their neighbourhoods where the curriculum is centred on average students To make up for the mediocrity zealous parents send their kids to the expensive cram schools Students in affluent southern Seoul neighbourhoods complain that the new system will hurt them the most
Nearly all Korean high schools will be weighted equally in the collegeentrance process and relatively weak students in provincial schools who may not score well on standardized tests often compile good gradepoint averages
Some universities particularly prestigious ones openly complain that they cannot select the best students under the new system because it eliminates differences among high schools Theyve asked for more discretion in picking students by giving more weight to such screening tools as essay writing or interviews
President Roh Moo Hyun doesnt like how some colleges are trying to circumvent the new system He recently criticized greedy universities that focus more on finding the best students than faying to nurture good students But amid the crossfire between the government and universities the countrys 10th graders are feeling the stress On online protest sites some are calling themselves a cursed generation and mice in a lab experiment It all seems a touch melodramatic but thats the South Korean school system
11 According to the passage the new collegeentrance system is designed to
A require students to sit for more collegeentrance tests
B reduce the weight of collegeentrance tests
C select students on their high school grades only
D reduce the number of prospective college applicants
12 What seems to be the effect of introducing the new system
A The system has given equal opportunities to students
B The system has reduced the number of cram schools
C The system has intensified competition among schools
D The system has increased students study load
13 According to critics the popularity of private education is mainly the result of
A the governments egalitarian policy B insufficient number of schools
C curriculums of average quality D low cost of private education
14 According to the passage there seems to be disagreement over the adoption of the new system between the following groups EXCEPT
A between universities and the government
B between school experts and the government
C between parents and schools
D between parents and the government
15 Which of the following adjectives best describes the authors treatment of the topic
A Objective B Positive C Negative D Biased
TEXT B
Wilfred EmmanuelJones was a teenager before he saw his first cow in his first field Born in Jamaica the 47yearold grew up in innercity Birmingham before making a career as a television producer and launching his own marketing agency But deep down he always nurtured every true Englishmans dream of a rustic life a dream that his entrepreneurial wealth has allowed him to satisfy These days hes the owner of a thriving 12hectare farm in deepest Devon with cattle sheep and pigs His latest business venture pushing his brand of Black Fanner gourmet sausages and barbecue sauces My background may be very urban says EmmanuelJones
But it has given me a good idea of what other urbanites want
And of how to sell it EmmanuelJones joins a herd of wealthy fugitives from city life who are bringing a new commercial knowhow to British farming Britains burgeoning farmers markets numbers have doubled to at least 500 in the last five years—swarm with specialty cheesemakers beekeepers or organic smallholders who are redeploying the business skills they learned in the city Everyone in the rural community has to
come to terms with the fact that things have changed Says EmmanuelJones You can produce the best food in the world but if you dont know how to market it you are wasting your time We are helping the traditionalists to move on
The emergence of the new class of superpeasants reflects some old yearnings If the British were the first nation to industrialize they were also the first to head back to the land There is this romantic image of the countryside that is particularly English says Alun Howkins of the University of Sussex who reckons the population of rural England has been rising since 1911 Migration into rural areas is now running at about 100000
a year and the hunger for a taste of the rural life has kept land prices buoyant even as agricultural incomes tumble About 40 percent of all farmland is now sold to lifestyle buyers rather than the dwindling number of traditional farmers according to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
Whats new about the latest returnees is their affluence and zeal for the business of producing quality foods if only at a microlevel A healthy economy and surging London house prices have helped to ease the escape of the wouldbe rustics The media recognize and feed the fantasy One of the big TV hits of recent years the River
Cottage series chronicled the attempts of a London chef to run his own Dorset farm Naturally the newcomers cant hope to match their City salaries but many are happy to trade any loss of income for the extra job satisfaction Who cares if theres no sixfigure annual bonus when the land offers other incalculable compensations
Besides the specialist producers can at least depend on a burgeoning market for their products Todays ecoaware generation loves to seek out authentic ingredients People like me may be making a difference in a small way Jan McCourt a onetime investment banker now running his own 40hectare spread in the English Midlands stocked with rare breedsOptimists see signs of farreaching change Britain isnt catching up with mainland Europe its leading the way Unlike most other countries where artisanal food production is being eroded here it is being recovered says food writer Matthew Fort It may be the mark of the next stage of civilization that we rediscover the desirability of being a peasant And not an investment banker
16 Which of the following details of Wilfred EmmanuelJones is INCORRECT
A He was born and brought up in Birmingham
B He used to work in the television industry
C He is wealthy adventurous and aspiring
D He is now selling his own quality foods
17 Most importantly people like Wilfred have brought to traditional British farming
A knowledge of farming
B knowledge of brand names
C knowledge of lifestyle
D knowledge of marketing
18 Which of the following does NOT contribute to the emergence of a new class of farmers
A Strong desire for country life
B Longing for greater wealth
C Influence of TV productions
D Enthusiasm for quality food business
19 What is seen as their additional source of new income
A Modern tendency to buy natural foods
B Increase in the value of land property
C Raising and selling rare live stock V
D Publicity as a result of media coverage
20 The sentence in the last paragraph Britain isnt catching up with mainland Europe its leading the way implies that
A Britain has taken a different path to boost economy
B more authentic foods are being produced in Britain
C the British are heading back to the countryside
D the Europeans are showing great interest in country life
TEXT C
In Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells but these arent stereotypical castles in Spain These castles are made up of human beings not stone The people who perform this agile feat of acrobatics are called castellers and to see their towers take shape is to observe a marvel of human cooperation
First the castellers form what looks like a gigantic rugby scrummage They are the foundation blocks of the castle Behind them other people press together forming outwardradiating ramparts of inwardpushing muscle flying buttresses for the castle Then sturdy but lighter castellers scramble over the backs of those at the bottom and stand barefoot on their shoulders—then still others each time adding a higher story
These human towers can rise higher than small apartment buildings nine stories 35 feet into the air Then just When it seems this tower of humanity cant defy gravity any longer a little kid emerges from the crowd and climbs straight up to the top
Arms extended the child grins while waving to the cheering crowd far below
Dressed in their traditional costumes the castellers seem to epitomize an easier time before Barcelona became a world metropolis arid the Mediterraneans most dynamic city But when you observethem tip close in their street clothes at practice you see theres nothing easy about what the castellers do and that they are not merely reenacting an ancient ritual
None of the castellers cangive a logical answer as to why they love doing this But Victor Luna 16 touches me on the shoulder and says in English We do it because its beautiful We do it because we are Catalan
Barcelona’s mother tongue is Catalan and to understand Barcelona you must understand two words of Catalan seny and rauxa Seny pretty much translates as common sense or the ability to make money arrange things and get things done Rauxa is reminiscent of our words raucous and ruckus
What makes the castellers revealing of the city is that they embody rauxa and seny The idea of a human castle is rauxa—it defies common sense—but to watch one going up is to see seny in action Success is based on everyone working together to achieve a shared goal
The success of Carlos Tusquets bank Fibanc shows seny at work in everyday life The bank started as a family concern and now employs hundreds Tusquets said it exemplifies how the economy in Barcelona is different
Entrepreneurial seny demonstrates why Barcelona and Catalonia—the ancient region of which Barcelona is the capital—are distinct from the rest of Spain yet essential to Spains emergence after centuries of repression as a prosperous democratic European
country Catalonia with Barcelona as its dynamo has turned into an economic powerhouse Making up 6 percent of Spain’s territory with a sixth of its people it accounts for nearly a quarter of Spains production—everything from textiles to computers—even though the rest of Spain has been enjoying its own economic miracle
Hand in hand with seny goes rauxa and theres no better place to see rauxa in action than on the Ramblas the venerable treeshaded boulevard that in gentle stages leads you from the centre of Barcelona down to the port There are two narrow lanes each way for cars and motorbikes but it’s the wide centre walkway that makes the Ramblas a frontrow seat for Barcelonas longest running theatrical event Plastic armchairs are set out on the sidewalk Sit in one of them and an attendant will come and charge you a small fee Performance artists throng the Ramblas—stilt walkers witches caked in charcoal dust Elvis impersonators But the real stars are the old women and happily playing children millionaires on motorbikes and pimps and
women who upon closer inspection prove not to be
Aficionados (Fans) of Barcelona love to compare notes Last night there was a man standing on the balcony of his hotel room Mariana Bertagnolli an Italian photographer told me The balcony was on the second floor He was naked and he was talking
into a cell phone
There you have it Barcelonas essence The man is naked (rauxa) but he is talking into a cell phone (seny)
21 From the description in the passage we learn that
A all Catalonians can perform castells
B castells require performers to stand on each other
C people perform castells in different formations
D in castells people have to push and pull each other
22 According to the passage the4mplication of the performance is that
A the Catalonians are insensible and noisy people
B the Catalonians show more sense than is expected
C the Catalonians display paradoxical characteristics
D the Catalonians think highly of team work
23 The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT __________ to show seny at work
A development of a bank B dynamic role in economy
C contribution to national economy D comparison with other regions
24 In the last but two paragraph the Ramblas is described as a frontrow seat for Barcelona’s longest running theatrical event What does it mean
A On the Ramblas people can see a greater variety of performances
B The Ramblas provides many front seats for the performances
C The Ramblas is preferred as an important venue for the events
D Theatrical performers like to perform on the Ramblas
25 What is the main impression of the scenes on the Ramblas
A It is bizarre and Outlandish B It is of average quality
C It is conventional and quiet D It is of professional standard
TEXT D
The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year after his funeral After his death the firms letterhead properly included him Patrick S Lanigan 19541992 He was listed up in the righthand corner just above the paralegals Then the rumors got started and wouldnt stop Before long everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared After three months no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead His name came off the letterhead
as the debts piled up
The remaining partners in the law firm were still together attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits thus the bankruptcy Since Patricks departure they had tried every possible way to divorce one another but nothing would work Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors but nevertogether The other two were in recovery still teetering on the brink of sobriety
He took their money Their millions Money they had already spent long before it arrived as only lawyers can do Money for their richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi Money for new homes yachts condos in the Caribbean The money was on the way approved the papers signed orders entered they could see it almost touch it when their dead partner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second
He was dead They buried him on February 11 1992 They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead Yet six weeks later he somehow stole their money
They had brawled over who was to blame Charles Bogan the firms senior partner and its iron hand had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore and this made sense after some discussion It was ninety million bucks
a third of which the firm would keep and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi population fifty thousand Someone at the bank would talk Soon everyone would know All four vowed secrecy even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible There had even been talk of a firm jet a sixseater
So Bogan took his share of the blame At fortynine he was the oldest of the four and at the moment the most stable He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier and for this he had received no small amount of grief
Doug Vitrano the litigator had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner The other three had agreed and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name he had access to virtually every file in the office Bogan Rapley Vitrano Havarac and Lanigan Attorneys and CounselorsatLaw A large ad in the yellow pages claimed Specialists in Offshore Injuries Specialists or not like most firms they
would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative Lots of secretaries and paralegals Big overhead and the strongest political connections on the Coast
They were all in their mid to late forties Havarac had been raised by his father on a shrimp boat His hands were still proudly calloused and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped Rapley was severely depressed and seldom left his home where he wrote briefs in a dark office in the attic
26 What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patricks disappearance
A They all wanted to divorce their wives
B They were all heavily involved in debts
C They were all recovering from drinking
D They had bought new homes yachts etc
27 Which of the following statements contains a metaphor
A His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up
B …they could see it almost touch it when their dead partner
C … attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages
D … and for this he had received no small amount of grief
28 According to the passage what is the main cause of Patrick stealing the money
A Patrick was made a partner of the firm
B The partners agreed to have the money transferred
C Patrick had access to all the files in the firm
D Bogan decided to hire Patrick nine years earlier
29 The lawyers were described as being all the following EXCEPT
A greedy B extravagant C quarrelsome D badtempered
30 Which of the following implies a contrast
A … and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi population fifty thousand
B They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits thus the bankruptcy
C There had even been talk of a firm jet a sixseater
D His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up
PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)
There are ten multiplechoice questions in this section Choose the best answer to each question Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet
31 The largest city in Canada is
A Vancouver B Montreal C Toronto D Ottawa
32 According to the United States Constitution the legislative power is invested in
A the Federal Government B the Supreme Court
C the Cabinet D the Congress
33 Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States
A Baseball B Tennis C Basketball D American football
34 The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is
A the President B the GovernorGeneral
C the British monarch D the Prime Minister
35 The Canterbury Tales a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury is an important poetic work by
A William Langland B Geoffrey Chaucer
C William Shakespeare D Alfred Tennyson
36 Who wrote The American
A Herman Melville B Nathaniel Hawthorne
C Henry James D Theodore Dreiser
37 All of the following are wellknown female writers in 20th century Britain EXCEPT
A George Eliot B Iris Jean Murdoch
C Doris Lessing D Muriel Spark
38 Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language
A Arbitrariness B Displacement
C Duality D Diachronicity
39 What type of sentence is Mark likes fiction but Tim is interested in poetry
A A simple sentence B A coordinate sentence
C A complex sentence D None of the above
40 The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called
A hyponymy B synonymy
C polysemy D homonymy
PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)
Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed
PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE
市寸土千金价炒越越高更高拥花园希寻常辈啻种奢种梦想
想实谁花园便心世界智力需开发心世界需开发动物区众周知诸方面恐怕心世界心重脏器心世界种景观外部世界断作心渐渐形成关注亲爱心脏渐损稍微疾便惶惶终日非关注亲爱心世界阴晴
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following text into Chinese Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE
But as has been true in many other cases when they were at last married the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical Instead of having shared their original duties and as schoolboys would say going halves they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled This led to some distressing moments for both our friends they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations Instead of being freer and happier than ever before they had assumed new responsibilities they had established a new household and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it They looked back with affection to their engagement they had been longing to have each other to themselves apart from the world but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society
PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)
In a few months’ time you are going to graduate from university How do you think your college years have prepared you for your future life Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic
What I have learned from my years at university
In the first part of your essay you should state dearly your main argument and in the second part you should support your
argument with appropriate details In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary
Mark will be awarded for content organization grammar and appropriacy Failure to follow the above instructions may result
in a loss of marks
Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR
2008年全国英语专业八级考试参考答案
Section A
1 native language 2 350 3 Historical 4 India 5 commerce 6 Boom 7 sea travel communication 8 conference 9 many radios 10 split
Section B
15BCACD
Secton C
610DABCB 1115CBDAC 1620BDCDB 2125CADDB 2630CADBC
文知识
3140BCADBBDACD
翻译：
汉译英（参考）：
Spiritual Garden
I think everyone in effect has a small garden or a flower bed of his own namely our inner world There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence as is the case with their inner world What distinguishes between human beings and animals apart from the various aspects which are universally known may probably be in that human beings have an inner world Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind
英译汉（参考）：
正许已发生事情样终结婚发现憧憬生活变实际非没分担原先责正学生说半半相反发现生活重担加倍两结婚朋友时常觉沮丧突然发现没着天堂般生活实实生活球成新规新约束奴隶生活没前更更幸福承担新责然成立新家庭点家庭义务深情回想起订婚段时光渴拥彼忘掉世界然现深切感受世界份子
改错
1 one改thing
2 have（掉）
3 a改their
4 at the time加when
5 by改with
6 those改that
7 on掉
8 At改In
9 carrying 家on
10 now改ago
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