Elevator System Based on PLC
Abstract
Peng D The Application of PLC in Elevator Control System[J] Journal of Nanchang Institute of Aeronautical Technology 2000
With the development of China＇s economy PLC applications are constantly popular while driving the traditional control of the update its application is extremely extensive The elevator as a modern highrise building a means of transport and people＇s lives are inseparable with the improvement of people＇s living standards the elevator running safety efficiency comfort and other requirements also rose making the elevator got Rapid development the current way of controlling the elevator commonly used in two ways one is composed of traditional relay control system the second control method is to replace the PLC with programmable logic controller control system The purpose of this design is to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the control system composed of the traditional relay and the control system of the PLC The advantages of the PLC are reflected and the S7200 PLC is used to control the elevator and the programming language is used to realize the Elevator automatic operation of the control function which greatly improve the reliability of the elevator
Programmable controller (PLC) because of its simple structure high reliability and easy maintenance etc can be very good for elevator control Through the use of programmable controller S7200 PLC control fourstory elevator work intuitive description of the fourstory elevator PLC control system design method Details of the fourstory elevator through the PLC design requirements the specific list of the input and output points and gives the system ladder design
Key words Programmable control devicesS7200PLCFourstory elevator
Composed by the order of relay control system is a realization of the first elevator control method However to enter the nineties with the development of science and technology and the widespread application of computer technology the safety of elevators reliability of the increasingly high demand on the relay control weaknesses are becoming evident
Elevator control system relays the failure rate high greatly reduces the reliability and safety of elevators and escalators stopped often to take with the staff about the inconvenience and fear And the event rather than taking the lift or squat at the end of the lift will not only cause damage to mechanical components but also personal accident may occur
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is the first order logic control in accordance with the needs of developed specifically for industrial environment applications to operate the electronic digital computing device The PLC biggest characteristics lie in The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many calculations of cost as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power after the electric appliances but the exportation equipments direct conjunction of the small power can
PLC internal containment have the CPU of the CPU and take to have an I O for expand of exterior to connect a people＇s address and saving machine three big pieces to constitute CPU core is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute mathematics that they have the logic operation ability and can read the procedure save the contents of the machine to drive the homologous saving machine and I Os to connect after pass the calculation The I O add inner part is tired the input and output system of the machine and exterior link and deposit the related data into the procedure saving machine or data saving machine The saving machine can deposit the data that the I O input in the saving machine and in work adjusting to become tired to add the machine and I O to connect saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure saving machine ROM and dates the ROM can do deposit of the data permanence in the saving machine but RAM only for the CPU computes the temporary calculation usage of hour of buffer space
The PLC anti interference is very and excellent our root need not concern its service life and the work situation bad these all problems have already no longer become the topic that we fail but stay to our is a concern to come to internal resources of make use of the PLC to strengthen the control ability of the equipments for us make our equipments more gentle
PLC language is not we imagine of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to carry on weaving the distance but the trapezoid diagram that the adoption is original after the electric appliances to control make the electrical engineering teacher while weaving to write the procedure very easy comprehended the PLC language and a lot of non electricity professional also very quickly know and go deep into to the PLC
Given its advantages at present the relay control the lift has been gradually replaced by PLC control At the same time AC variable frequency motor speed control technology the way the lift drag speed has been a gradual transition form DC to AC frequency converter Thus PLC control technology increases VVVF Elevator modern technology has become a hot industry
1 PLC elevator control advantages
(1) Used in elevator control PLC with so ware for automatic control of lift operation reliability greatly increased
(2) Layer was removed and majority of the relay the control system structure is simple simplify the external circuit
(3) PLC can be a variety of complex control system easy to add or change control functions
(4) PLC can be automated fault detection and alarm display to improve the operation of security and ease of maintenance
(5) For the group control the allocation and management and improve the efficiency of elevator operation
(6)Do not need to change the control scheme changes when the hardware connection
2 VVVF elevator control characteristics
With the power electronics microelectronics and computer technology to control the rapid development of technology communication technology VVVF also a very rapid rate AC variable frequency motor speed control technology is the power to improve the process in order to improve product quality and improving the environment and promoting technological progress as a primary means Frequency of its excellent performance and the speed brake from a smooth performance high efficiency high power factor and powersaving of a broad scope of application and many other advantages of being at home and abroad recognized as the most promising approach speed
Exchange characteristics of VVVF Elevator
(1) low energy consumption
(2) low load circuit the re emergency power supply device of small
In the acceleration stage the required startup current of less than 25 times the rated current Peak starting current and time is short Since the starting current is drastically reduced so power consumption and power supply cable diameter can be reduced a lot Required for emergency power supply devices are also relatively small size
(3) high reliability and long service life
(4) good comfort
Elevator operation is best to follow the speed curve of a given operation Their characteristics can be adapted to human feelings and to ensure that noise operation smooth brake Ping layer and high precision
(5) stable noisefree
(6) In the car the engine room and adjacent areas to ensure that noise Because their systems use a high clock frequency Always produce a true sine wave power supply current yet Motor torque ripple does not appear Therefore to eliminate vibration and noise
3 Elevator control technology
The socalled elevator control technology refers to the elevator drive system and electrical control system of automatic control 70 as the 20th century in China’s elevator were marked by the exchange of twospeed elevator Its speed is used to change the elevator traction motor of the very few two or mutelevel approach to the number of windings very few of them as highspeed winding of the winding a very few number of windings as the lowspeed winding Windings for highspeed elevatorspeed startup and running lowspeed windings for braking and the maintenance of elevators
The early 80s VVVF inverter controlled variable lift system available It uses AC motor drivers are able to reach the level of DC motor control the speed of the current has reached 6 msec Its small size light weight high efficiency energy saving inc1uding the past almost all the advantages of the lift Is the latest elevator drive system
Operation in vertical lift there is also the starting point of the terminus station For more than threestory elevator buildings the starting point of the terminal stations and stops between the had not the starting point for these stations at the first floor of the terminal located at the highest floor Starting point in the first floor of the station known as base stations known as the starting point at both ends of the terminal stations and stations at both ends of intermediate stops between stations
Outside the station has a call box box set are used by staff for elevator call button or touch the call button the general ends of the lift stations in the call box on the Settings button or touch of a button 1iddle layer of the station set up the call box button or touch button 2 No drivers for the control of elevators at various stations are set up calls me on a button or touch button Elevator car and the internal settings (except for debris elevator) to manipulate me Control box switch on the handle or set up stations and the corresponding layer of buttons or touchbutton control box on the touchcontrol button or command button or touch the city button Outside the command button or touchbutton issue as the signal outside the command signal within the command button or touchbutton issue within the signal as a command signal 80 In the mid20th century the touch button has been replaced by microbutton
As the elevator call box outside the base station in addition to set up a call button or touch button but a1so set a key switch in order to work the elevator clearance Drivers or management staff to open the elevator to the base station can wriggle through a dedicated key to the key switch Close the elevator in place to autocratically cut off the elevator control power supply or power supply
4 PLC Control Elevator Design
With the continuous development of urban construction the increasing highrise buildings elevators and life in the national economy has a broad application Elevator highrise buildings as a means of transport in the vertical run of daily life have been inextricably linked with people In fact the lift is based on external call control signals as well as the laws of their own such as running and the cal1 is random the lift is actually a manmachine interactive control system simple to use control or logic control order can not meet the control requirement and therefore elevator control system uses a random control logic Elevator control is current1y generally used in two ways first the use of computer as a signal control unit the completion of the lift signal acquisition operation and function of the se to achieve the lift and set the autocratic scheduling function to run the election drag the control from inverter to complete the second control mode with programmable logic controller (PLC) to replace the computer control signal sets the election From the control and performance these two types of methods and there is no significant difference Most of the domestic manufacturers to choose the second approach because the smaller scale of production there design and manufacture of high cost of computer control devices and PLC high reliabi1ity convenient and flexible program design antiinterference ability stable and reliable operation of the characteristics of Therefore the elevator control system is now widely used to realize programmable control
5 Lift control system
Lift control system is used to manipulate each control process by managing such commands as running direction car call landing call load signal landing indication safety protection
Lifts in different applications have different load speed and drive control modes Lifts in same application may also have different control mode Whatever control mode is adopted the objective is the same to be specific according to car call and landing call lift control system will execute automatic logic judgment to determine which lift will receive signal which direction lift will run towards and complete programmed control objective through electrical automatic system based on command
Types of lift control system
Control system development chronicle indicates that there has appeared many control modes such as such as relay control PLC single computer control multiplecomputer control Prevailing in different era these control modes are still employed in lifts now due to massive integrated circuit and computer technology development
PLC control system
As abbreviation of programmable logic controller PLC is an electronic system featuring digital computation It adopts programmable EPROM to execute logic computation order control timing number counting arithmetic computation besides it can input and output through digital or analogy modes
The mechanism of PLC control is as follows input of PLC includes such command signals as power key to home landing car call landing call various safety switches position signal while output of PLC includes contactor relay indicators of car landings and communication unitary indicators inside car and switch position signal are input to PC while other executing com
Programming principle is determined by lift control mode Programming can either be made according to relay logic control circuit or individually in different phases according to lift control functions after completely separating from relay control circuit Based on the ready made control circuit the former is simple and easy to master while the latter involves less programs by integrating programs of small function
Used in lift control system PLC has such advantages as high reliability stability easy programming userfriendliness convenient maintenance & inspection
Nowadays there is a wide range and series of programmable logic controllers Input output points range from 30 to 8000 or above so as to meet lift control requirements with different landing number
References
[1]Yang X Zhu Q Xu H Design and Practice of an Elevator Control System Based on PLC[C] The Workshop on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System IEEE Computer Society 20089499
[2]Irmak E Colak I Kaplan O et al Development of a real time monitoring and control system for PLC based elevator[C] European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications IEEE 201118
[3]YinYuan M A Yao C Elevator Control Modeling Based on Statecharts and Its PLC Implementation[J] Computer Engineering 2009 35(16)221223
[4]Bilgin O Altun Y Mutluer M Remote monitoring and diagnostic system of PLC controlled an elevator using SCADA[C] Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering IEEE 2011212216
[5]Sysala T Vrzal O A real models laboratory and an elevator model controlled through programmable controller (PLC)[C] Wseas International Conference on Automatic Control Modelling & Simulation World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS) 2011365367
[6]Darshil Sagar Rajiv et al Development of a PLC Based Elevator System with Colour Sensing Capabilities for Material Handling in Industrial Plant[C] Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference 2008 Powercon IEEE 200817
PLC 控制电梯系统
摘
着国济发展PLC应正断普时带动着传统控制检测更新应极广泛电梯作现代高层建筑种交通工具生活密切相关着生活水提高电梯运行安全效率舒适性等求电梯快速发展目前常方法两种控制电梯方法传统继电器控制系统第二控制方式编程控制器PLC取代继电器控制系统较优势设计控制系统传统继电器PLC控制系统缺点体现PLC优点S7200 PLC控制电梯编程语言实现电梯动运行控制功提高电梯性
编程序控制器（PLC）结构简单性高维护方便等优点电梯控制利PLC S7200 PLC控制电梯四层四层电梯PLC控制系统设计直观描述详细介绍PLC控制四层电梯设计求列出输入输出点
关键词：编程控制器S7200PLC四层电梯
继电器组成序控制系统早种实现电梯控制方法进入九十年代着科学技术发展计算机技术广泛应电梯安全性性求越越高继电器控制弱点越越明显
电梯继电器控制系统障率高降低电梯性安全性常造成停梯员带便惊忧电梯旦发生顶蹲底会造成电梯机械部件损坏出现身事
编程序控制器（PLC）早根序逻辑控制需发展起专门工业环境应设计数字运算操作电子装置PLC特点：电气工程师已电气硬件花费太心计钮开关感应器输入点连接PLC输入点解决问题通输出点连接接触器继电器控制功率启动设备功率输出设备直接连接
PLC部包含具中央处理器CPU带外部IO口扩展IO接口址存储器三块组成CPU核心者累加器组成具逻辑数学运算力读取程序存储器容通计算驱动相应存储器IO接口IO口部累加器外部输入输出系统连接起相关数存入程序存储器者数存储器中存储器IO口输入数存入存储器中工作时调转累加器IO接口存储器分程序存储器ROM数存储器RAMROM数永久存入存储器中RAM作CPU计算时时计算缓空间
PLC抗干扰极优秀根关心寿命工作场合恶劣问题已成失败题留关心利PLC部资源加强设备控制力设备更加柔性
PLC语言想象汇编语言C语言进行编程采原继电器控制梯形图电气工程师编写程序时容易理解PLC语言非电气专业士PLC快认识深入
鉴种种优点目前电梯继电器控制方式逐渐PLC控制代时电机交流变频调速技术发展电梯拖动方式原直流调速逐渐渡交流变频调速PLC控制技术加变频调速技术成现代电梯行业热点
1PLC控制电梯优点：
（1）电梯控制中采PLC软件实现电梯运行动控制性提高
（2）掉选层器部分继电器控制系统结构简单外部线路简化
（3）PLC 实现种复杂控制系统方便增加改变控制功
（4）进行障动检测报警显示提高运行安全性便检修
（5）群控调配理提高电梯运行效率
（6）更改控制方案时需改动硬件接线
2电梯变频调速控制特点：
着电力电子技术微电子技术计算机控制技术飞速发展交流变频调速技术发展十分迅速电动机交流变频调速技术节电改善工艺流程提高产品质量改善环境推动技术进步种手段变频调速优异调速性起制动稳性高效率高功率数节电效果广泛适范围许优点国外公认发展前途调速方式
交流变频调速电梯特点：
（1）源消耗低
（2）电路负载低需紧急供电装置
加速阶段需起动电流25 倍额定电流起动电流峰值时间短起动电流幅度减功耗供电缆线直径减需紧急供电装置尺寸较
（3）性高寿命长
（4）舒适感
电梯运行佳定速度曲线运行特性适应体感受保证运行噪声制动稳
（5）层精度高
（6）运行稳噪声轿厢机房邻区域确保噪声系统中采高时钟频率始终产生失真正弦波供电电流电动机会出现转距脉动消振动噪声
3 电梯控制技术
谓电梯控制技术指电梯传动系统操系统电气动控制作国 2 0 世纪 70 年代电梯标志交流双速电梯调速方法采改变电梯牵引电动机极数两种两种级数绕组中极数少绕组称高速绕组极数绕组称低速绕组高速绕组电梯起动稳速运行低速绕组制动电梯维修
80 年代初VVVF变频变压系统控制电梯问世采交流电动机驱动达直流电动机水目前控制速度已达 6 米秒体积重量轻效率高节省源等包括电梯优点目前新电梯拖动系统
电梯垂直运行程中起点站终点站三层楼建筑物电梯起点站终点站间没停站起点站设楼终点站设高楼设楼起点站称基站起点站终点站称两端站两端站间称中间站
站厅外设召唤箱箱设置供员召唤电梯召唤钮触钮般电梯两端站召唤箱设置钮触钮中间层站召唤箱设置两钮触钮司机控制电梯层站召唤箱均设置钮触钮电梯轿厢部设置（杂物电梯外）操箱操箱设置手柄开关层站应钮触钮操箱钮触钮城指令钮触钮外指令钮触钮发出电信号称外指令信号指令钮触钮发出电信号成指令信号20世纪80年代中期触钮已微动钮取代作电梯基站厅外召唤箱设置召唤钮触钮外设置钥 匙开关便班关电梯时司机理员电梯开基站通专钥匙扭动该钥匙开关电梯厅门关闭妥动切断电梯控制电源动力电源
4PLC 控制电梯设计
着城市建设断发展高层建筑断增电梯国民济生活中着广泛应电梯作高层建筑中垂直运行交通工具已日常生活密分实际电梯根外部呼信号身控制规律等运行呼机电梯实际机交互式控制系统单纯序控制逻辑控制 满足控制求电梯控制系统采机逻辑方式控制目前电梯 控制普遍采两种方式采微机作信号控制单元完成电梯信号采集运行状态功设定实现电梯动调度集选运行功拖动控制变频器完成 第二种控制方式编程控制器(PLC)取代微机实现信号集选控制控制方式性说两种方法没太区国厂家选择第二种方式原生产规模较设计制造微机控制装置成较高PLC性高程序设计方便灵活抗干扰力强运行稳定等特点现电梯控制系统广泛采编程控制器实现
5电梯控制系统
电梯控制指电梯运行程中运行方轿指令层站召唤负载信号楼层显示安全保护等指令信息进行理操电梯实行控制环节方式手段
电梯途载荷速度驱动方式控制方式相途电梯采操控制方式电梯种控制方式达目标相根轿厢指令信号层站召唤信号动进行逻辑判定决定出台电梯接受信号动定出电梯运行方指令求通电气动控制系统完成预定控制目
电梯控制系统分类
控制系统实现方法电梯控制系统历继电器电梯控制编程序控制器（PC机）单片微机控制微机控制种形式控制方式代表时期电梯控制系统流着规模集成电路计算机技术发展逐步推陈出新控制系统目前电梯中存
PLC控制系统PLC编程序控制器简称种数字运算操作电子系统采编程序存储器存储执行逻辑运算序控制定时计数算术运算等操作指令通数字式模拟式输入输出
PLC控制电梯方法电梯中发出指令信号诸基站电源钥匙轿选层指令层站召唤类安全开关位置信号等作PLC输入执行元件接触器继电器轿层站指示灯通讯设施等作PLC输出部分
根电梯操控制方式确定程序编制原程序设计继电器逻辑控制电路特点完成完全脱离继电器控制电路重新电梯控制功进行分段设计前者程序设计简单现成控制线路作易掌握者相功程序集中起程序占量少
PLC电梯控制系统具性高稳定性编程简单方便维护检修方便等优点
现PLC产品品种齐全已成系列化输入输出点数30点直8千点更完全满足层高电梯控制求
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Elevator System Based on PLC
Abstract
Peng D The Application of PLC in Elevator Control System[J] Journal of Nanchang Institute of Aeronautical Technology 2000
With the development of China＇s economy PLC applications are constantly popular while driving the traditional control of the update its application is extremely extensive The elevator as a modern highrise building a means of transport and people＇s lives are inseparable with the improvement of people＇s living standards the elevator running safety efficiency comfort and other requirements also rose making the elevator got Rapid development the current way of controlling the elevator commonly used in two ways one is composed of traditional relay control system the second control method is to replace the PLC with programmable logic controller control system The purpose of this design is to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the control system composed of the traditional relay and the control system of the PLC The advantages of the PLC are reflected and the S7200 PLC is used to control the elevator and the programming language is used to realize the Elevator automatic operation of the control function which greatly improve the reliability of the elevator
Programmable controller (PLC) because of its simple structure high reliability and easy maintenance etc can be very good for elevator control Through the use of programmable controller S7200 PLC control fourstory elevator work intuitive description of the fourstory elevator PLC control system design method Details of the fourstory elevator through the PLC design requirements the specific list of the input and output points and gives the system ladder design
Key words Programmable control devicesS7200PLCFourstory elevator
Composed by the order of relay control system is a realization of the first elevator control method However to enter the nineties with the development of science and technology and the widespread application of computer technology the safety of elevators reliability of the increasingly high demand on the relay control weaknesses are becoming evident
Elevator control system relays the failure rate high greatly reduces the reliability and safety of elevators and escalators stopped often to take with the staff about the inconvenience and fear And the event rather than taking the lift or squat at the end of the lift will not only cause damage to mechanical components but also personal accident may occur
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is the first order logic control in accordance with the needs of developed specifically for industrial environment applications to operate the electronic digital computing device The PLC biggest characteristics lie in The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many calculations of cost as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power after the electric appliances but the exportation equipments direct conjunction of the small power can
PLC internal containment have the CPU of the CPU and take to have an I O for expand of exterior to connect a people＇s address and saving machine three big pieces to constitute CPU core is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute mathematics that they have the logic operation ability and can read the procedure save the contents of the machine to drive the homologous saving machine and I Os to connect after pass the calculation The I O add inner part is tired the input and output system of the machine and exterior link and deposit the related data into the procedure saving machine or data saving machine The saving machine can deposit the data that the I O input in the saving machine and in work adjusting to become tired to add the machine and I O to connect saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure saving machine ROM and dates the ROM can do deposit of the data permanence in the saving machine but RAM only for the CPU computes the temporary calculation usage of hour of buffer space
The PLC anti interference is very and excellent our root need not concern its service life and the work situation bad these all problems have already no longer become the topic that we fail but stay to our is a concern to come to internal resources of make use of the PLC to strengthen the control ability of the equipments for us make our equipments more gentle
PLC language is not we imagine of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to carry on weaving the distance but the trapezoid diagram that the adoption is original after the electric appliances to control make the electrical engineering teacher while weaving to write the procedure very easy comprehended the PLC language and a lot of non electricity professional also very quickly know and go deep into to the PLC
Given its advantages at present the relay control the lift has been gradually replaced by PLC control At the same time AC variable frequency motor speed control technology the way the lift drag speed has been a gradual transition form DC to AC frequency converter Thus PLC control technology increases VVVF Elevator modern technology has become a hot industry
1 PLC elevator control advantages
(1) Used in elevator control PLC with so ware for automatic control of lift operation reliability greatly increased
(2) Layer was removed and majority of the relay the control system structure is simple simplify the external circuit
(3) PLC can be a variety of complex control system easy to add or change control functions
(4) PLC can be automated fault detection and alarm display to improve the operation of security and ease of maintenance
(5) For the group control the allocation and management and improve the efficiency of elevator operation
(6)Do not need to change the control scheme changes when the hardware connection
2 VVVF elevator control characteristics
With the power electronics microelectronics and computer technology to control the rapid development of technology communication technology VVVF also a very rapid rate AC variable frequency motor speed control technology is the power to improve the process in order to improve product quality and improving the environment and promoting technological progress as a primary means Frequency of its excellent performance and the speed brake from a smooth performance high efficiency high power factor and powersaving of a broad scope of application and many other advantages of being at home and abroad recognized as the most promising approach speed
Exchange characteristics of VVVF Elevator
(1) low energy consumption
(2) low load circuit the re emergency power supply device of small
In the acceleration stage the required startup current of less than 25 times the rated current Peak starting current and time is short Since the starting current is drastically reduced so power consumption and power supply cable diameter can be reduced a lot Required for emergency power supply devices are also relatively small size
(3) high reliability and long service life
(4) good comfort
Elevator operation is best to follow the speed curve of a given operation Their characteristics can be adapted to human feelings and to ensure that noise operation smooth brake Ping layer and high precision
(5) stable noisefree
(6) In the car the engine room and adjacent areas to ensure that noise Because their systems use a high clock frequency Always produce a true sine wave power supply current yet Motor torque ripple does not appear Therefore to eliminate vibration and noise
3 Elevator control technology
The socalled elevator control technology refers to the elevator drive system and electrical control system of automatic control 70 as the 20th century in China’s elevator were marked by the exchange of twospeed elevator Its speed is used to change the elevator traction motor of the very few two or mutelevel approach to the number of windings very few of them as highspeed winding of the winding a very few number of windings as the lowspeed winding Windings for highspeed elevatorspeed startup and running lowspeed windings for braking and the maintenance of elevators
The early 80s VVVF inverter controlled variable lift system available It uses AC motor drivers are able to reach the level of DC motor control the speed of the current has reached 6 msec Its small size light weight high efficiency energy saving inc1uding the past almost all the advantages of the lift Is the latest elevator drive system
Operation in vertical lift there is also the starting point of the terminus station For more than threestory elevator buildings the starting point of the terminal stations and stops between the had not the starting point for these stations at the first floor of the terminal located at the highest floor Starting point in the first floor of the station known as base stations known as the starting point at both ends of the terminal stations and stations at both ends of intermediate stops between stations
Outside the station has a call box box set are used by staff for elevator call button or touch the call button the general ends of the lift stations in the call box on the Settings button or touch of a button 1iddle layer of the station set up the call box button or touch button 2 No drivers for the control of elevators at various stations are set up calls me on a button or touch button Elevator car and the internal settings (except for debris elevator) to manipulate me Control box switch on the handle or set up stations and the corresponding layer of buttons or touchbutton control box on the touchcontrol button or command button or touch the city button Outside the command button or touchbutton issue as the signal outside the command signal within the command button or touchbutton issue within the signal as a command signal 80 In the mid20th century the touch button has been replaced by microbutton
As the elevator call box outside the base station in addition to set up a call button or touch button but a1so set a key switch in order to work the elevator clearance Drivers or management staff to open the elevator to the base station can wriggle through a dedicated key to the key switch Close the elevator in place to autocratically cut off the elevator control power supply or power supply
4 PLC Control Elevator Design
With the continuous development of urban construction the increasing highrise buildings elevators and life in the national economy has a broad application Elevator highrise buildings as a means of transport in the vertical run of daily life have been inextricably linked with people In fact the lift is based on external call control signals as well as the laws of their own such as running and the cal1 is random the lift is actually a manmachine interactive control system simple to use control or logic control order can not meet the control requirement and therefore elevator control system uses a random control logic Elevator control is current1y generally used in two ways first the use of computer as a signal control unit the completion of the lift signal acquisition operation and function of the se to achieve the lift and set the autocratic scheduling function to run the election drag the control from inverter to complete the second control mode with programmable logic controller (PLC) to replace the computer control signal sets the election From the control and performance these two types of methods and there is no significant difference Most of the domestic manufacturers to choose the second approach because the smaller scale of production there design and manufacture of high cost of computer control devices and PLC high reliabi1ity convenient and flexible program design antiinterference ability stable and reliable operation of the characteristics of Therefore the elevator control system is now widely used to realize programmable control
5 Lift control system
Lift control system is used to manipulate each control process by managing such commands as running direction car call landing call load signal landing indication safety protection
Lifts in different applications have different load speed and drive control modes Lifts in same application may also have different control mode Whatever control mode is adopted the objective is the same to be specific according to car call and landing call lift control system will execute automatic logic judgment to determine which lift will receive signal which direction lift will run towards and complete programmed control objective through electrical automatic system based on command
Types of lift control system
Control system development chronicle indicates that there has appeared many control modes such as such as relay control PLC single computer control multiplecomputer control Prevailing in different era these control modes are still employed in lifts now due to massive integrated circuit and computer technology development
PLC control system
As abbreviation of programmable logic controller PLC is an electronic system featuring digital computation It adopts programmable EPROM to execute logic computation order control timing number counting arithmetic computation besides it can input and output through digital or analogy modes
The mechanism of PLC control is as follows input of PLC includes such command signals as power key to home landing car call landing call various safety switches position signal while output of PLC includes contactor relay indicators of car landings and communication unitary indicators inside car and switch position signal are input to PC while other executing com
Programming principle is determined by lift control mode Programming can either be made according to relay logic control circuit or individually in different phases according to lift control functions after completely separating from relay control circuit Based on the ready made control circuit the former is simple and easy to master while the latter involves less programs by integrating programs of small function
Used in lift control system PLC has such advantages as high reliability stability easy programming userfriendliness convenient maintenance & inspection
Nowadays there is a wide range and series of programmable logic controllers Input output points range from 30 to 8000 or above so as to meet lift control requirements with different landing number
References
[1]Yang X Zhu Q Xu H Design and Practice of an Elevator Control System Based on PLC[C] The Workshop on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System IEEE Computer Society 20089499
[2]Irmak E Colak I Kaplan O et al Development of a real time monitoring and control system for PLC based elevator[C] European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications IEEE 201118
[3]YinYuan M A Yao C Elevator Control Modeling Based on Statecharts and Its PLC Implementation[J] Computer Engineering 2009 35(16)221223
[4]Bilgin O Altun Y Mutluer M Remote monitoring and diagnostic system of PLC controlled an elevator using SCADA[C] Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering IEEE 2011212216
[5]Sysala T Vrzal O A real models laboratory and an elevator model controlled through programmable controller (PLC)[C] Wseas International Conference on Automatic Control Modelling & Simulation World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS) 2011365367
[6]Darshil Sagar Rajiv et al Development of a PLC Based Elevator System with Colour Sensing Capabilities for Material Handling in Industrial Plant[C] Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference 2008 Powercon IEEE 200817
PLC 控制电梯系统
摘
着国济发展PLC应正断普时带动着传统控制检测更新应极广泛电梯作现代高层建筑种交通工具生活密切相关着生活水提高电梯运行安全效率舒适性等求电梯快速发展目前常方法两种控制电梯方法传统继电器控制系统第二控制方式编程控制器PLC取代继电器控制系统较优势设计控制系统传统继电器PLC控制系统缺点体现PLC优点S7200 PLC控制电梯编程语言实现电梯动运行控制功提高电梯性
编程序控制器（PLC）结构简单性高维护方便等优点电梯控制利PLC S7200 PLC控制电梯四层四层电梯PLC控制系统设计直观描述详细介绍PLC控制四层电梯设计求列出输入输出点
关键词：编程控制器S7200PLC四层电梯
继电器组成序控制系统早种实现电梯控制方法进入九十年代着科学技术发展计算机技术广泛应电梯安全性性求越越高继电器控制弱点越越明显
电梯继电器控制系统障率高降低电梯性安全性常造成停梯员带便惊忧电梯旦发生顶蹲底会造成电梯机械部件损坏出现身事
编程序控制器（PLC）早根序逻辑控制需发展起专门工业环境应设计数字运算操作电子装置PLC特点：电气工程师已电气硬件花费太心计钮开关感应器输入点连接PLC输入点解决问题通输出点连接接触器继电器控制功率启动设备功率输出设备直接连接
PLC部包含具中央处理器CPU带外部IO口扩展IO接口址存储器三块组成CPU核心者累加器组成具逻辑数学运算力读取程序存储器容通计算驱动相应存储器IO接口IO口部累加器外部输入输出系统连接起相关数存入程序存储器者数存储器中存储器IO口输入数存入存储器中工作时调转累加器IO接口存储器分程序存储器ROM数存储器RAMROM数永久存入存储器中RAM作CPU计算时时计算缓空间
PLC抗干扰极优秀根关心寿命工作场合恶劣问题已成失败题留关心利PLC部资源加强设备控制力设备更加柔性
PLC语言想象汇编语言C语言进行编程采原继电器控制梯形图电气工程师编写程序时容易理解PLC语言非电气专业士PLC快认识深入
鉴种种优点目前电梯继电器控制方式逐渐PLC控制代时电机交流变频调速技术发展电梯拖动方式原直流调速逐渐渡交流变频调速PLC控制技术加变频调速技术成现代电梯行业热点
1PLC控制电梯优点：
（1）电梯控制中采PLC软件实现电梯运行动控制性提高
（2）掉选层器部分继电器控制系统结构简单外部线路简化
（3）PLC 实现种复杂控制系统方便增加改变控制功
（4）进行障动检测报警显示提高运行安全性便检修
（5）群控调配理提高电梯运行效率
（6）更改控制方案时需改动硬件接线
2电梯变频调速控制特点：
着电力电子技术微电子技术计算机控制技术飞速发展交流变频调速技术发展十分迅速电动机交流变频调速技术节电改善工艺流程提高产品质量改善环境推动技术进步种手段变频调速优异调速性起制动稳性高效率高功率数节电效果广泛适范围许优点国外公认发展前途调速方式
交流变频调速电梯特点：
（1）源消耗低
（2）电路负载低需紧急供电装置
加速阶段需起动电流25 倍额定电流起动电流峰值时间短起动电流幅度减功耗供电缆线直径减需紧急供电装置尺寸较
（3）性高寿命长
（4）舒适感
电梯运行佳定速度曲线运行特性适应体感受保证运行噪声制动稳
（5）层精度高
（6）运行稳噪声轿厢机房邻区域确保噪声系统中采高时钟频率始终产生失真正弦波供电电流电动机会出现转距脉动消振动噪声
3 电梯控制技术
谓电梯控制技术指电梯传动系统操系统电气动控制作国 2 0 世纪 70 年代电梯标志交流双速电梯调速方法采改变电梯牵引电动机极数两种两种级数绕组中极数少绕组称高速绕组极数绕组称低速绕组高速绕组电梯起动稳速运行低速绕组制动电梯维修
80 年代初VVVF变频变压系统控制电梯问世采交流电动机驱动达直流电动机水目前控制速度已达 6 米秒体积重量轻效率高节省源等包括电梯优点目前新电梯拖动系统
电梯垂直运行程中起点站终点站三层楼建筑物电梯起点站终点站间没停站起点站设楼终点站设高楼设楼起点站称基站起点站终点站称两端站两端站间称中间站
站厅外设召唤箱箱设置供员召唤电梯召唤钮触钮般电梯两端站召唤箱设置钮触钮中间层站召唤箱设置两钮触钮司机控制电梯层站召唤箱均设置钮触钮电梯轿厢部设置（杂物电梯外）操箱操箱设置手柄开关层站应钮触钮操箱钮触钮城指令钮触钮外指令钮触钮发出电信号称外指令信号指令钮触钮发出电信号成指令信号20世纪80年代中期触钮已微动钮取代作电梯基站厅外召唤箱设置召唤钮触钮外设置钥 匙开关便班关电梯时司机理员电梯开基站通专钥匙扭动该钥匙开关电梯厅门关闭妥动切断电梯控制电源动力电源
4PLC 控制电梯设计
着城市建设断发展高层建筑断增电梯国民济生活中着广泛应电梯作高层建筑中垂直运行交通工具已日常生活密分实际电梯根外部呼信号身控制规律等运行呼机电梯实际机交互式控制系统单纯序控制逻辑控制 满足控制求电梯控制系统采机逻辑方式控制目前电梯 控制普遍采两种方式采微机作信号控制单元完成电梯信号采集运行状态功设定实现电梯动调度集选运行功拖动控制变频器完成 第二种控制方式编程控制器(PLC)取代微机实现信号集选控制控制方式性说两种方法没太区国厂家选择第二种方式原生产规模较设计制造微机控制装置成较高PLC性高程序设计方便灵活抗干扰力强运行稳定等特点现电梯控制系统广泛采编程控制器实现
5电梯控制系统
电梯控制指电梯运行程中运行方轿指令层站召唤负载信号楼层显示安全保护等指令信息进行理操电梯实行控制环节方式手段
电梯途载荷速度驱动方式控制方式相途电梯采操控制方式电梯种控制方式达目标相根轿厢指令信号层站召唤信号动进行逻辑判定决定出台电梯接受信号动定出电梯运行方指令求通电气动控制系统完成预定控制目
电梯控制系统分类
控制系统实现方法电梯控制系统历继电器电梯控制编程序控制器（PC机）单片微机控制微机控制种形式控制方式代表时期电梯控制系统流着规模集成电路计算机技术发展逐步推陈出新控制系统目前电梯中存
PLC控制系统PLC编程序控制器简称种数字运算操作电子系统采编程序存储器存储执行逻辑运算序控制定时计数算术运算等操作指令通数字式模拟式输入输出
PLC控制电梯方法电梯中发出指令信号诸基站电源钥匙轿选层指令层站召唤类安全开关位置信号等作PLC输入执行元件接触器继电器轿层站指示灯通讯设施等作PLC输出部分
根电梯操控制方式确定程序编制原程序设计继电器逻辑控制电路特点完成完全脱离继电器控制电路重新电梯控制功进行分段设计前者程序设计简单现成控制线路作易掌握者相功程序集中起程序占量少
PLC电梯控制系统具性高稳定性编程简单方便维护检修方便等优点
现PLC产品品种齐全已成系列化输入输出点数30点直8千点更完全满足层高电梯控制求
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