杭 州 师 范 学
2020 年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题
考试科目代码： 243
考试科目名称： 二外英语
说明：考生答题时律写答题纸否漏批责负
Part I Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）(2×1020 points)
Directions In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet
For questions 1 7 mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage
For questions 8 10 complete the sentences with the information given in the passage
The Paradox of Happiness
It’s plain common sense ——the more happiness you feel the less unhappiness you experience It’s plain common sense but it’s not true Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really flip sides of the same emotion They are two distinct feelings that coexisting rise and fall independently
You’d think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness the lower their level of happiness and vice versa says Edward Diener a University of Illinois professor of psychology who has done much of the new work on positive and negative emotions But when Diener and other researchers measure people’s average levels of happiness and unhappiness they often find little relationship between the two
The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can coexist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life It suggests for example that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable but probably won’t make you any happier That advice is backed up by an extraordinarily series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families On the other hand researchers have found happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s heritage The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself
Psychologists have settled on a working definition of the feeling——happiness is a sense of subjective wellbeing They’ve also begun to find out who’s happy who isn’t and why To date the research hasn’t found a simple recipe for a happy life but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to that most desired of feelings
In a number of studies of identical and fraternal twins researchers have examined the role genetics plays in happiness and unhappiness The work suggests that although no one is really born to be happy sadness may run in families
In one University of Southern California study psychologist Laura Baker and colleagues compared 899 individuals who had taken several commonly used tests for happiness and unhappiness The men and women included 105 pairs of identical and fraternal twins as well as grandparents parents and young adult offspring from more than 200 other families
Family members Baker reports resembled each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in their levels of happiness Furthermore identical twins were much closer than fraternal twins in unhappiness a finding that implies a genetic component
In a study at the University of Minnesota twins (some raised together and others who had grown up apart) were tested for a wide range of personality traits In terms of happiness——defined as the capacity to enjoy life——identical twins who were separated soon after birth were considerably less alike than twins raise together But when it came to unhappiness the twins raised apart——some without contact for as long as 64 years——were as similar as those who’d grown up together
Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment When we’re happy we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than when we’re feeling sad
This doesn’t mean however that some people are born to be sad and that’s that Genes may predispose one to unhappiness but disposition can be influenced by personal choice You can increase your happiness through your own actions
In a series of experiments by psychologists John Reich and Alex Zautra at Arizona State University they asked students to select their favorite activities from a list of everyday pleasures——things like going to a movie talking with friends and playing cards
Then the researchers instructed some of the subjects to increase the number of favorite activities they participated in for one month (the other participants in the study served as controls and did not vary their activity level) Results Those who did more of the things they enjoyed were happier than those who didn’t The conclusion then is that the pleasure we get from life is largely ours to control
1 The feeling of unhappiness may be genetic
2 There is a strong relationship between levels of happiness and unhappiness in a person
3 Researchers have found that happiness is inherited
4 Unhappiness is less influenced by environment than it is by genetics
5 It is impossible to increase your happiness
6 We can control our own happiness
7 The level of happiness may vary with gender
8 Family members resembled each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in ____________
9 _______people took part in the study conducted by University of Southern California
10 Studiessuggest that in order to be happier we need to increase the number of _______________
Part II Vocabulary (05×2010 points)
DirectionsChoose the best answer you think most suitable to explain the underlined words or phrases in each sentence Please write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet
11There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject
A) point B) tendency C) result D) finding
12New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity
A) amazing B) depressing C) predictable D) dull
13The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation
A) furnish B) copy C) publish D) summarize
14 The group does not advocate the use of violence
A)limit B) regulate C) oppose D) support
15The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicate
A) reproduced B) invented C) designed D) reported
16The department deferred the decision for six months
A) put off B) arrived at C) abide by D) protested against
17The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later
A) eased B) appeared C) improved D) relieved
18The uniform makes the guards look absurd
A)serious B) ridiculous C) beautiful D) impressive
19Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes
A) silent B) motionless C) seated D) true
20The country was torn apart by strife
A) poverty B) war C) conflict D) economy
21She felt that she had done her good deed for the day
A) act B) homework C) justice D) model
22A person’s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness
A) equal B) certain C) large D) opposite
23His professional career spanned 16 years
A) started B) changed C) moved D) lasted
24His stomach felt hollow with fear
A) sincere B) respectful C) terrible D) empty
25This was disaster on a cosmic scale
A) modest B) huge C) commercial D) national
26Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down
A) excitement B) anger C) calm D) disappointment
27The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid
A) hidden B) inflexible C) traditional D) official
28The majority of people around here are decent
A) real B) honest C) normal D) wealthy
29It was a magic night until the spell was broken
A) time B) charm C) space D) opportunity
30They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system
A) prove B) discover C)consider D) imagine
Part III Grammar (1×2020 points)
Directions There are two passages in this section Some indicated lines are correct while others contain a mistake Note that a line contains no more than ONE mistake For the correct lines put a tick (√) on the blanks while for the wrong ones you should correct it in the following way
For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line
For a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a ^ sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the lien
Example
When ^ art museum wants a new exhibit (1) an
it buys things in finished form and hangs (2) √
them on the wall When a natural history museum
wants an exhibition it must often build it (3) exhibit
A
What fun it is to jump into a pool or go swimming in a river in summer What joyful and relaxing it is to have a game of table tennis after a day of study at school And how exciting it is to play and watch a close game of basketball or volleyball All over the world millions of people take part different kinds of sports Sports are perhaps the more popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy no matter what they are boys or girls men or women young or old
Some people seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things that people do at times when they are not working instead going to the cinema listening the radio or sleeping But in fact sports and games can be of great value especially to people work with their brains They should not be treated only as amusement
31 _______________
32 _______________
33 _______________
34 _______________
35 _______________
36 _______________
37 _______________
38 _______________
39 _______________
40 _______________
B
People in countries as far apart as Japan the United States Australia and France sends Valentine cards to someone they fancy in 14 February St Valentine’s Day Most cards are romantic but express secret love messages which don’t let on who the sender is
Senders of newspaper messages no matter which they are in Britain North America or Australia must get a thrill out of their exhibitionism without letting who is the secret admirer hidden in the words of the advertise The British newspaper ad brigades tend to see themselves or the desired ones for animals with bears being the firm favorites But fleas toads bugs and mice are well represented
In parts of the English countryside it is still believe that a girl can tell the occupation of her future husband by noting which bird she sees first on 14 February But if it’s a woodpecker she will find no man at all Happy birdwatching Happy Valentine’s Day
41 _______________
42 _______________
43 _______________
44 _______________
45 _______________
46 _______________
47 _______________
48 _______________
49 _______________
50 _______________
Part IV Cloze (05×2010 points)
Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage For each blank there are four choices marked A B C and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage Then write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet
For many years we have been led to believe that a person’s intellectual intelligence is the greatest predictor of success Society (51) _____ that people with high IQ will naturally accomplish(52) _____ in life Schools often use IQ test results to (53) _____ children for gifted programs and advanced (54) _____ Some companies even use the results (55) _____ a criterion for hiring employees
In the past 10 years we have been conditioned to (56) _____ intelligence with these numbers (57) _____ researchers have found that this isn’t necessarily the case They have discovered that more than IQ your (58) _____ awareness and abilities to handle feelings will determine your success in all (59) _____ of life (60) _____ family relationships
In the early 1990s Dr John Mayer and Dr Peter Salovey (61) _____ the term emotional intelligence in the Journal of Personality Assessment They used this (62) _____ to describe people’s ability to understand their own emotions and emotions of others and to act (63) _____ based on this understanding Then in 1995 psychologist Daniel Goleman (64) _____ this term with his book Emotional Intelligence Why It Can Matter More Than IQ
(65) _____ investigated emotional intelligence by measuring related concepts (66) _____ social skills interpersonal competence psychological (67) _____ long before the term emotional intelligence came into (68) _____ Social scientists are just beginning to (69) _____ the relationship of EQ to other phenomenon (70) _____ Goleman Emotional intelligence the skills that help people harmonize should become increasingly valued as a workplace asset in the years to come
51 A assumes B believes C thinks D holds
52 A some B more C many D less
53 A choose B make C allow D distinguish
54 A levels B tests C courses D works
55 A as B for C with D by
56 A know B judge C say D determine
57 A Certainly B However C Yet D Moreover
58 A mental B intellectual C emotional D affectional
59 A fields B levels C points D walks
60 A including B involving C consisting D taking
61 A named B made C called D introduced
62 A term B name C phrase D idiom
63 A perfectly B correctly C properly D precisely
64 A invented B created C publicized D popularized
65 A Teachers B Doctors C Researchers D Workers
66 A for example B for instance C such as D about
67 A maturity B ripeness C familiarity D mellowness
68 A effect B operation C use D power
69 A uncover B unsettle C unlock D undress
70 A As for B As to C According to D As regards
Part V Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）(15×2030 points)
Directions There are 3 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet
Passage One
Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage
If you want to stay young sit down and have a good think This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result we are ageing unnecessarily soon
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age and how the process of ageing could be slowed down
With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations
Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain which relate to intellect and emotion and determine the human character (The rear section of the brain which controls functions like eating and breathing does not contract with age and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties)
Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventyyearolds Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns Those least at risk says Matsuzawa are lawyers followed by university professors and doctors White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are however as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker bus driver and shop assistant
Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain he says Think hard and engage in conversation Don’t rely on pocket calculators
71 The team of doctors wanted to find out ________
A) why certain people age sooner than others
B) how to make people live longer
C) the size of certain people’s brains
D) which people are most intelligent
72 On what are their research findings based
A) A survey of farmers in northern Japan
B) Tests performed on a thousand old people
C) The study of brain volumes of different people
D) The latest development of computer technology
73 The doctor’s test show that ________
A) our brains shrink as we grow older
B) the front section of the brain does not shrink
C) sixtyyearolds have the better brains than thirtyyearolds
D) some people’s brains have contracted more than other people’s
74 The word subjects in Paragraph 5means ________
A) something to be considered
B) branches of knowledge studied
C) persons chosen to be studied in an experiment
D) any member of a state except the supreme ruler
75 According to the passage which people seem to age slower than the others
A) Lawyers
B) Farmers
C) Clerks
D) Shop assistants
Passage Two
Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage
Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel no brake or accelerator pedals（踏板） Under a voiceactivated command you say an address The fastest route will take us 153 minutes Should I take it You say yes and you are on your way The car responds and starts moving all by itself All you have to do is sit back and relax
How weird would it be if one day in the future everyone had such a car No crazy drivingno insultsno cutting in traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer On the other hand imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets
A new technology has the potential to change modem society in radical ways There＇s no question that selfdriving vehicles could be an enormous benefit The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop some 94 of road accidents in the US involve human error Older drivers and visuallyor physicallyimpaired people would gain a new level of freedom Maintaining safe speeds and being electric selfdriving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependency on non renewable fuels Roads would be quieter people safer
But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods According to the US Department of Labor in May 2015 there were 505560 registered school bus drivers The American Trucking Association lists approximately 35 million professional truck drivers in the US
The companies developing selfdriving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce many of whom will be displaced by the new technology This is similar to what＇s happening in the coal and oil industries a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country
New technologies will and should be developed This is how society moves forward However progress can＇t be onesided It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all
76 What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars
A) People would be driving in a more civilized way
B) It would save local governments a lot of money
C) More policemen would be patrolling the streets
D) Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past
77 How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars
A) They could enjoy greater mobility
B) They would suffer no road accidents
C) They would have no trouble driving
D) They could go anywhere they want
78 What would be the negative impact of driverless cars
A) The conflict between labor and management intensify
B) The gap between various sectors of society would be widened
C) Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions
D) Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living
79 What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries
A) Political dissatisfaction B) Retraining of employees
C) Fossil fuel conservation D) Business restructuring
80 What does the author suggest businesses and the government do
A) Keep pace with technological developments
B) Make new technologies affordable to everyone
C) Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies
D) Popularize the use of new technologies and devices
Passage Three
Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage
Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are who they are not and who they would like to be They tell us a good deal about the wearer＇s background personality status mood and social outlook
Since clothes are such an important source of social information we can use them to manipulate people＇s impression of us Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur An elderly middleclass man or woman may be alienated(疏远……) by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner regardless of the person＇s education background or interests
People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean Adolescent girls can easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits(套装) including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink Newscasters or the announcers who read the news on TV are considered to be more convincing honest and competent when they are dressed conservatively And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their inter personal relationships say they are concerned about the costumes they must wear to play these roles successfully Moreover many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we act ed Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you anticipated a stressful situation such as a job interview or a court appearance
In the workplace men have long had welldefined precedents and role models for achieving success It has been otherwise for women A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of masculine an d feminine attributes they should convey by their professional clothing The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that available for men Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less feminine grooming(扮)shorter hair moderate use of makeup and plain tailored clothing As one male administrator confessed An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview but she won＇t get a job
81 According to the passage the way we dress __________
A) provides clues for people who are critical of us
B) indicates our likes and dislikes in choosing a career
C) has a direct influence on the way people regard us
D) is of particular importance when we get on in age
82 From the third paragraph of the passage we can conclude that young adults tend to believe that certain types of clothing can __________
A) change people＇s conservative attitudes toward their lifestyle
B) help young people make friends with the opposite sex
C) make them competitive in the job market
D) help them achieve success in their interpersonal relationships
83 The word precedent (Line 1 Para4) probably refers to __________
A) early acts for men to follow as examples
B) particular places for men to occupy especially because of their importance
C) things that men should agree upon
D) men＇s beliefs that everything in the world has already been decided
84 According to the passage many career women find themselves in difficult situations because __________
A) the variety of professional clothing is too wide for them to choose
B) women are generally thought to be only good at being fashion models
C) men are more favorably judged for managerial positions
D) they are not sure to what extent they should display their feminine qualities through clothing
85 What is the passage mainly about
A) Dressing for effect
B) How to dress appropriately
C) Managerial positions and clothing
D) Dressing for the occasion
Part VI Translation (2×510 points)
Directions Translate the following sentences into English using the phrases in brackets Then write the corresponding sentence on the Answer Sheet
86 中国春节家团聚联系起(associate with)
87 未科学家定会找延年益寿效方法肯定会发现治疗疾病方法(cures for diseases)
88 许学生迷社交网站放弃真实际关系(deny oneself something)
89 情况允许周举行会议会什反意见(regardless of)
90 赞美时候句简单谢谢会产生意想效果(do wonders for)
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杭 州 师 范 学
2020 年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题
考试科目代码： 243
考试科目名称： 二外英语
说明：考生答题时律写答题纸否漏批责负
Part I Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）(2×1020 points)
Directions In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet
For questions 1 7 mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage
For questions 8 10 complete the sentences with the information given in the passage
The Paradox of Happiness
It’s plain common sense ——the more happiness you feel the less unhappiness you experience It’s plain common sense but it’s not true Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really flip sides of the same emotion They are two distinct feelings that coexisting rise and fall independently
You’d think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness the lower their level of happiness and vice versa says Edward Diener a University of Illinois professor of psychology who has done much of the new work on positive and negative emotions But when Diener and other researchers measure people’s average levels of happiness and unhappiness they often find little relationship between the two
The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can coexist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life It suggests for example that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable but probably won’t make you any happier That advice is backed up by an extraordinarily series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families On the other hand researchers have found happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s heritage The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself
Psychologists have settled on a working definition of the feeling——happiness is a sense of subjective wellbeing They’ve also begun to find out who’s happy who isn’t and why To date the research hasn’t found a simple recipe for a happy life but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to that most desired of feelings
In a number of studies of identical and fraternal twins researchers have examined the role genetics plays in happiness and unhappiness The work suggests that although no one is really born to be happy sadness may run in families
In one University of Southern California study psychologist Laura Baker and colleagues compared 899 individuals who had taken several commonly used tests for happiness and unhappiness The men and women included 105 pairs of identical and fraternal twins as well as grandparents parents and young adult offspring from more than 200 other families
Family members Baker reports resembled each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in their levels of happiness Furthermore identical twins were much closer than fraternal twins in unhappiness a finding that implies a genetic component
In a study at the University of Minnesota twins (some raised together and others who had grown up apart) were tested for a wide range of personality traits In terms of happiness——defined as the capacity to enjoy life——identical twins who were separated soon after birth were considerably less alike than twins raise together But when it came to unhappiness the twins raised apart——some without contact for as long as 64 years——were as similar as those who’d grown up together
Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment When we’re happy we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than when we’re feeling sad
This doesn’t mean however that some people are born to be sad and that’s that Genes may predispose one to unhappiness but disposition can be influenced by personal choice You can increase your happiness through your own actions
In a series of experiments by psychologists John Reich and Alex Zautra at Arizona State University they asked students to select their favorite activities from a list of everyday pleasures——things like going to a movie talking with friends and playing cards
Then the researchers instructed some of the subjects to increase the number of favorite activities they participated in for one month (the other participants in the study served as controls and did not vary their activity level) Results Those who did more of the things they enjoyed were happier than those who didn’t The conclusion then is that the pleasure we get from life is largely ours to control
1 The feeling of unhappiness may be genetic
2 There is a strong relationship between levels of happiness and unhappiness in a person
3 Researchers have found that happiness is inherited
4 Unhappiness is less influenced by environment than it is by genetics
5 It is impossible to increase your happiness
6 We can control our own happiness
7 The level of happiness may vary with gender
8 Family members resembled each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in ____________
9 _______people took part in the study conducted by University of Southern California
10 Studiessuggest that in order to be happier we need to increase the number of _______________
Part II Vocabulary (05×2010 points)
DirectionsChoose the best answer you think most suitable to explain the underlined words or phrases in each sentence Please write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet
11There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject
A) point B) tendency C) result D) finding
12New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity
A) amazing B) depressing C) predictable D) dull
13The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation
A) furnish B) copy C) publish D) summarize
14 The group does not advocate the use of violence
A)limit B) regulate C) oppose D) support
15The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicate
A) reproduced B) invented C) designed D) reported
16The department deferred the decision for six months
A) put off B) arrived at C) abide by D) protested against
17The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later
A) eased B) appeared C) improved D) relieved
18The uniform makes the guards look absurd
A)serious B) ridiculous C) beautiful D) impressive
19Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes
A) silent B) motionless C) seated D) true
20The country was torn apart by strife
A) poverty B) war C) conflict D) economy
21She felt that she had done her good deed for the day
A) act B) homework C) justice D) model
22A person’s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness
A) equal B) certain C) large D) opposite
23His professional career spanned 16 years
A) started B) changed C) moved D) lasted
24His stomach felt hollow with fear
A) sincere B) respectful C) terrible D) empty
25This was disaster on a cosmic scale
A) modest B) huge C) commercial D) national
26Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down
A) excitement B) anger C) calm D) disappointment
27The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid
A) hidden B) inflexible C) traditional D) official
28The majority of people around here are decent
A) real B) honest C) normal D) wealthy
29It was a magic night until the spell was broken
A) time B) charm C) space D) opportunity
30They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system
A) prove B) discover C)consider D) imagine
Part III Grammar (1×2020 points)
Directions There are two passages in this section Some indicated lines are correct while others contain a mistake Note that a line contains no more than ONE mistake For the correct lines put a tick (√) on the blanks while for the wrong ones you should correct it in the following way
For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line
For a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a ^ sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the lien
Example
When ^ art museum wants a new exhibit (1) an
it buys things in finished form and hangs (2) √
them on the wall When a natural history museum
wants an exhibition it must often build it (3) exhibit
A
What fun it is to jump into a pool or go swimming in a river in summer What joyful and relaxing it is to have a game of table tennis after a day of study at school And how exciting it is to play and watch a close game of basketball or volleyball All over the world millions of people take part different kinds of sports Sports are perhaps the more popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy no matter what they are boys or girls men or women young or old
Some people seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things that people do at times when they are not working instead going to the cinema listening the radio or sleeping But in fact sports and games can be of great value especially to people work with their brains They should not be treated only as amusement
31 _______________
32 _______________
33 _______________
34 _______________
35 _______________
36 _______________
37 _______________
38 _______________
39 _______________
40 _______________
B
People in countries as far apart as Japan the United States Australia and France sends Valentine cards to someone they fancy in 14 February St Valentine’s Day Most cards are romantic but express secret love messages which don’t let on who the sender is
Senders of newspaper messages no matter which they are in Britain North America or Australia must get a thrill out of their exhibitionism without letting who is the secret admirer hidden in the words of the advertise The British newspaper ad brigades tend to see themselves or the desired ones for animals with bears being the firm favorites But fleas toads bugs and mice are well represented
In parts of the English countryside it is still believe that a girl can tell the occupation of her future husband by noting which bird she sees first on 14 February But if it’s a woodpecker she will find no man at all Happy birdwatching Happy Valentine’s Day
41 _______________
42 _______________
43 _______________
44 _______________
45 _______________
46 _______________
47 _______________
48 _______________
49 _______________
50 _______________
Part IV Cloze (05×2010 points)
Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage For each blank there are four choices marked A B C and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage Then write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet
For many years we have been led to believe that a person’s intellectual intelligence is the greatest predictor of success Society (51) _____ that people with high IQ will naturally accomplish(52) _____ in life Schools often use IQ test results to (53) _____ children for gifted programs and advanced (54) _____ Some companies even use the results (55) _____ a criterion for hiring employees
In the past 10 years we have been conditioned to (56) _____ intelligence with these numbers (57) _____ researchers have found that this isn’t necessarily the case They have discovered that more than IQ your (58) _____ awareness and abilities to handle feelings will determine your success in all (59) _____ of life (60) _____ family relationships
In the early 1990s Dr John Mayer and Dr Peter Salovey (61) _____ the term emotional intelligence in the Journal of Personality Assessment They used this (62) _____ to describe people’s ability to understand their own emotions and emotions of others and to act (63) _____ based on this understanding Then in 1995 psychologist Daniel Goleman (64) _____ this term with his book Emotional Intelligence Why It Can Matter More Than IQ
(65) _____ investigated emotional intelligence by measuring related concepts (66) _____ social skills interpersonal competence psychological (67) _____ long before the term emotional intelligence came into (68) _____ Social scientists are just beginning to (69) _____ the relationship of EQ to other phenomenon (70) _____ Goleman Emotional intelligence the skills that help people harmonize should become increasingly valued as a workplace asset in the years to come
51 A assumes B believes C thinks D holds
52 A some B more C many D less
53 A choose B make C allow D distinguish
54 A levels B tests C courses D works
55 A as B for C with D by
56 A know B judge C say D determine
57 A Certainly B However C Yet D Moreover
58 A mental B intellectual C emotional D affectional
59 A fields B levels C points D walks
60 A including B involving C consisting D taking
61 A named B made C called D introduced
62 A term B name C phrase D idiom
63 A perfectly B correctly C properly D precisely
64 A invented B created C publicized D popularized
65 A Teachers B Doctors C Researchers D Workers
66 A for example B for instance C such as D about
67 A maturity B ripeness C familiarity D mellowness
68 A effect B operation C use D power
69 A uncover B unsettle C unlock D undress
70 A As for B As to C According to D As regards
Part V Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）(15×2030 points)
Directions There are 3 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A) B) C) and D) You should decide on the best choice and write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet
Passage One
Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage
If you want to stay young sit down and have a good think This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result we are ageing unnecessarily soon
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age and how the process of ageing could be slowed down
With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations
Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain which relate to intellect and emotion and determine the human character (The rear section of the brain which controls functions like eating and breathing does not contract with age and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties)
Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventyyearolds Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns Those least at risk says Matsuzawa are lawyers followed by university professors and doctors White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are however as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker bus driver and shop assistant
Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain he says Think hard and engage in conversation Don’t rely on pocket calculators
71 The team of doctors wanted to find out ________
A) why certain people age sooner than others
B) how to make people live longer
C) the size of certain people’s brains
D) which people are most intelligent
72 On what are their research findings based
A) A survey of farmers in northern Japan
B) Tests performed on a thousand old people
C) The study of brain volumes of different people
D) The latest development of computer technology
73 The doctor’s test show that ________
A) our brains shrink as we grow older
B) the front section of the brain does not shrink
C) sixtyyearolds have the better brains than thirtyyearolds
D) some people’s brains have contracted more than other people’s
74 The word subjects in Paragraph 5means ________
A) something to be considered
B) branches of knowledge studied
C) persons chosen to be studied in an experiment
D) any member of a state except the supreme ruler
75 According to the passage which people seem to age slower than the others
A) Lawyers
B) Farmers
C) Clerks
D) Shop assistants
Passage Two
Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage
Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel no brake or accelerator pedals（踏板） Under a voiceactivated command you say an address The fastest route will take us 153 minutes Should I take it You say yes and you are on your way The car responds and starts moving all by itself All you have to do is sit back and relax
How weird would it be if one day in the future everyone had such a car No crazy drivingno insultsno cutting in traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer On the other hand imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets
A new technology has the potential to change modem society in radical ways There＇s no question that selfdriving vehicles could be an enormous benefit The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop some 94 of road accidents in the US involve human error Older drivers and visuallyor physicallyimpaired people would gain a new level of freedom Maintaining safe speeds and being electric selfdriving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependency on non renewable fuels Roads would be quieter people safer
But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods According to the US Department of Labor in May 2015 there were 505560 registered school bus drivers The American Trucking Association lists approximately 35 million professional truck drivers in the US
The companies developing selfdriving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce many of whom will be displaced by the new technology This is similar to what＇s happening in the coal and oil industries a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country
New technologies will and should be developed This is how society moves forward However progress can＇t be onesided It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all
76 What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars
A) People would be driving in a more civilized way
B) It would save local governments a lot of money
C) More policemen would be patrolling the streets
D) Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past
77 How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars
A) They could enjoy greater mobility
B) They would suffer no road accidents
C) They would have no trouble driving
D) They could go anywhere they want
78 What would be the negative impact of driverless cars
A) The conflict between labor and management intensify
B) The gap between various sectors of society would be widened
C) Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions
D) Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living
79 What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries
A) Political dissatisfaction B) Retraining of employees
C) Fossil fuel conservation D) Business restructuring
80 What does the author suggest businesses and the government do
A) Keep pace with technological developments
B) Make new technologies affordable to everyone
C) Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies
D) Popularize the use of new technologies and devices
Passage Three
Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage
Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are who they are not and who they would like to be They tell us a good deal about the wearer＇s background personality status mood and social outlook
Since clothes are such an important source of social information we can use them to manipulate people＇s impression of us Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur An elderly middleclass man or woman may be alienated(疏远……) by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner regardless of the person＇s education background or interests
People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean Adolescent girls can easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits(套装) including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink Newscasters or the announcers who read the news on TV are considered to be more convincing honest and competent when they are dressed conservatively And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their inter personal relationships say they are concerned about the costumes they must wear to play these roles successfully Moreover many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we act ed Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you anticipated a stressful situation such as a job interview or a court appearance
In the workplace men have long had welldefined precedents and role models for achieving success It has been otherwise for women A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of masculine an d feminine attributes they should convey by their professional clothing The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that available for men Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less feminine grooming(扮)shorter hair moderate use of makeup and plain tailored clothing As one male administrator confessed An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview but she won＇t get a job
81 According to the passage the way we dress __________
A) provides clues for people who are critical of us
B) indicates our likes and dislikes in choosing a career
C) has a direct influence on the way people regard us
D) is of particular importance when we get on in age
82 From the third paragraph of the passage we can conclude that young adults tend to believe that certain types of clothing can __________
A) change people＇s conservative attitudes toward their lifestyle
B) help young people make friends with the opposite sex
C) make them competitive in the job market
D) help them achieve success in their interpersonal relationships
83 The word precedent (Line 1 Para4) probably refers to __________
A) early acts for men to follow as examples
B) particular places for men to occupy especially because of their importance
C) things that men should agree upon
D) men＇s beliefs that everything in the world has already been decided
84 According to the passage many career women find themselves in difficult situations because __________
A) the variety of professional clothing is too wide for them to choose
B) women are generally thought to be only good at being fashion models
C) men are more favorably judged for managerial positions
D) they are not sure to what extent they should display their feminine qualities through clothing
85 What is the passage mainly about
A) Dressing for effect
B) How to dress appropriately
C) Managerial positions and clothing
D) Dressing for the occasion
Part VI Translation (2×510 points)
Directions Translate the following sentences into English using the phrases in brackets Then write the corresponding sentence on the Answer Sheet
86 中国春节家团聚联系起(associate with)
87 未科学家定会找延年益寿效方法肯定会发现治疗疾病方法(cures for diseases)
88 许学生迷社交网站放弃真实际关系(deny oneself something)
89 情况允许周举行会议会什反意见(regardless of)
90 赞美时候句简单谢谢会产生意想效果(do wonders for)
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