细节理解题实战技法
1快速定位法
快速定位法指抓住题目中关键信息﹐寻读方法快速定位
典例 A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very earlier——at 4 30 in the morningThat ＇s when they get up and start filmingAnd it＇s a long day—they often work until 830 in the evening In the winter it＇s very cold and in the summer it can be40℃ Dereck always does thatand she doesn＇t write But Dereck never takes photographs or records the soundThey work very well as a teamand they both believe we should shoot animals with cameras——not with guns
★Dereck and Beverly start working
Aat 430 in the morning Bat 430 in the afternoon Cat 830 in the morning Dat 830 in the evening
2选项排法
选项排法根题干提供信息先眼出干扰项排缩选择范围然剩余选项填入空白处进行检验辨真伪
典例 How do you remember the way to your house Where do dreams come from It is your brain(脑)that does these thingsA British scientist showed that sleep can improve one＇s memory It＇s not a dream for students to study when they sleepIn factyour brain is working day and night1f you learn words before bed a certain part of the brain may help you to remember the words while you sleep What＇s moreanother scientist in the USA found that there was a talent button(天钮)in the human brainIt might make a person more talented
There are more interesting things about the brain Your brain uses less energy than a fridge lightJust two bananas can give the brain enough energy to work for a whole day According to some scientistsyawning（哈欠)keeps our brainscoolwhich makes us think quicker
Here are some pieces of advice to keep a good brain
Eat healthy food
Get a lot of play time or exercise
Don＇t drink or smoke
Use your brain a lot
★Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
AOur brains only work in the daytime
BOur brains need much energy every day
CSmoking can keep our brains healthy
DGetting exercise is good for our brains
3数字计算法
数字计算题细节理解题种数字计算法适该类题该方法求文章中提数进行简单加减运算便出符合题目求数
典例When we cut down the rainforestswe destroy these forest peopletooIn 1900there were 1000000forest people in the Amazon forestIn 1980 there were only 200 000
★The number of the people living in the Amazon forest in 1980 was of that in 1900
Ahalf Bonethird Ctwofifths Donefifth
二
词义猜测题实战技法
1通构词法猜测词义
阅读中常常会遇熟悉单词派生转化合成新词考生构词法方面知识猜测词义
典例They like different kinds of amusements The Germans are very hardworkingThey like tidinessespecially the womenwho always keep their home clean
What does the underlined wordtidinessmean in Chinese
A整洁B安静C时尚D意
2利标点符号猜测词义
作者时利标点符号生词直接提供定义解释符号疑考生理解猜测生词词义提供线索破折号引号等考生解题时善抓住线索
典例Bob works in a car factory near his home He works very hard He needs to work 8 hours everyday He will be on the night shift—from midnight to 8 amnext day
★What＇s the meaning of the underlined words
A开夜车B夜班C熬夜D晚休息
3通义反义关系猜测词义
生词文中时会出现义反义词语时根熟悉词语含义推知生词含义
典例 In its first year of businessDiners Clubissued 200 cardsThe customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurantsToday Diners Club has about 8 million customersand they can use their cards in over 76million businesses in more than 200 countries
★The underlined wordissued here probably means
Ashowed Btook C borrowed D provided
4通定义解释举例猜测词义
阅读材料中特新闻报道科普类说明文中生词面that ismeanstand fornamelyrefer toin other words等破折号引出说明性容时位语定语句进行解释说明文章常例子说明前面较难理解词例子帮助考生准确猜测生词文章举例时常常会连接词 such aslikefor example等
典例 Why did he do it Why did he break the law and endanger people＇s health The answer is simple He wanted to make more moneyIt was amoral failingand this is at the heart of the food scandals in ChinaToo many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others
★It was a moral failingand this is at the heart of the food scandals in ChinaHere what＇s the Chinese meaning of moral failing
A精神崩溃 B道德滑坡 C质量降 D心理失衡
5根释义猜词义
释义常定语句isorthat is ( to say ) in other words be calledbe known as等词汇短语破折号表示
典例 It will be very hard but also very brittle—that isit will break easily What ＇s the Chinese meaning ofbrittle
A强壮 B脆 C骄傲 D静
6通文联系猜测词义
篇文章中句子容绝孤立句子段落整篇文章联系考生利文提供情景线索进行合逻辑综合分析进猜测词义
典例 As she grew older she accepted who she wasStill she wanted to find the missing piece of the puzzle After finding out the place of her birthparents Ida went to Korea in 2008When she first arrivedshe was surprised to see so many people who looked like her Howeverapart from her looksnot much could be shared with othersshe knew little about the culturefoodespecially the languageBeing in Korea wasn＇t always easy for her
★What does the phraseapart frommean
A except Bas for C as well as D besides
三
推理判断题实战技法
1抓住特定关键信息进行正逆推理
考生做类试题时善抓住某关键信息﹐某关键词短语分析推理判断利正推理逆思维推断出句话隐含深层含义
典例Mark Wellman showed that if you set your heart and mind on somethingno wall is too highand no dream is impossible
What can we learn from the passage
AA friend in need is a friend indeed BDreams will come true in the end
CEach step is important to success DNothing can stop a strong will
2根文章中翁作推断翁身份
推断翁作者身份题目考生根翁作者作推断
典例 In Englandeverybody knows Jamie OliverHe has his own TV programs In these programs he tells people how to cook healthy food Everyone likes Jamie＇s programs because his food is easy to make
Jamie wants people to eat healthily In some schools in Englandthe food at lunch time wasn＇t healthyOne dayJamie went to a school to make a TV program about healthy diet He cooked the food with lots of fruit and vegetablesAt first the children didn＇t want to eat because they didn＇t like fruit or vegetablesBut after they tasted the foodthey started to enjoy it
Now the food for children in schools has become much healthier
★From the passage we learnt that Jamie is a famous
ATV host
Bfilm actor
C school teacher
3运语境褒贬性进行信息推断
文章语境定褒贬性种褒贬性反映公特定心理情绪状态作者写作意图认真阅读原文找出反映语境褒贬性变化标志性词汇句子掌握文章旨意解公心理特点发展变化正确进行逻辑推断处
典例After our hospital visitmy husband and l needed cheering upso we thought we would treat
ourselves to a big breakfast at our favourite restaurant While we were waiting for our mealswe decided to use all our small change and make our wallets light so we counted it out as we waited
l vaguely(含糊)remembered seeing a man sitting nearbyWhen our meals arrivedwe found a note It read Your breakfast has been paid forHope you have a lovely day
lt was a wonderful surprise as nothing like that had ever happened to us He must have thought we could hardly pay the bill We looked around to thank himbut he had leftAs retirees(退休者)we were grateful for the help like thisbut it was the kindness of a total stranger that meant so much more to us
★Clearly the man sitting near the couple was
A poor Brich C helpful Dgrateful
4根文逻辑出结
逻辑结指严格根文章中陈述事实点例证等系列材料进行推理出合逻辑结﹐根验态度观点爱理解文章涵做类题时应握作者写作思路预测文发展容文章事件发展描写果关系关系描写
典例 My summer hols wr CWOTB4 we used 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro his GF & thr 3—@kidsFTFILNY and its gr8
Can you understand this sentence If you can＇tdon＇t feel too bad neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homeworkThis is Netspeakthe language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphonesTo newcomers it can look like a completely foreign language Sowhat is thetranslationof the sentence aboveMy summer holidays were a complete waste of time Beforewe used to go to Nee York to see my brother his girl friend and their three screaming kids face to face I love New York and it ＇s great
★What is the main purpose of the first paragraph
ATo give an example of a foreign language BTo show an example of creative methods
CTo express worries about using Netspeak DTo lead in the topic of Netspcak
四
热身环节
旨意题实战技法
1旨意题解题五原
旨意题够原文中直接找答案题目﹐解题时注意五原
①原文掺杂意见客观观克服认……样观点
②答案出时候四答案答案选选答案原≥知道≥
③注意绝化词果答案选项中出现绝化词 all always never nothing every等非文章中该类词汇否般排
④答案避免点带面偏概全尤选项道理难挑选正确答案时候注意选择符合题目求
⑤傻瓜原文章中没提知道枉猜测作聪明切文章容准
2选帽原
谓选帽原选标题帽子样合适行外标题简洁突出新颖标题文章点睛笔具醒目特点吸引读者
典例Hidear boys and girls Do you know how to be a healthy kid Here are some rules you should follow
Firsteat different foodsespecially fruit and vegetables You may have a favourite foodbut you＇d better eat something different lf you eat different foodsyou will probably get more nutrients(营养物质)your body needs
Seconddrink water and milk as often as possible
Thirdlisten to your body
Fourthlimit(限制)screen times Fifthbe active
Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid
★Which is the best title of the passage
AHow to be active
B How to make yourself important
CHow to make your parents healthy
D How to be a healthy kid
3题定位法
旨意题包括两类标题类旨意类两类题目性解类题目时采取题定位法
谓题定位法通分析文章首尾段开头找出段题句然通寻找点找出整文章题句种方法作题定位法
掌握题定位法考生明白题呈现方式
(1)藏头露尾式
藏头露尾式意思说题句出现开头出现结尾
典例On the Internetwe can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we canWe often send emails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internetwhat ＇s morewe can go to school on the netread a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languagesWe also enjoy music watch ball matches on the net and play computer games With the help of the netwe can do shopping even without leaving our homesThe Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life
★What ＇s the main idea of the passage
AKeep away from the InternetBSurf the net
C The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life
DWe can entertain ourselves on the Internet
(2)首尾呼应式
文章中突出题作者文章开头提出题接着进行阐述证结尾时次点明题值注意前两题句简单重复次出现题句前面题句进步引申发展
典例Lacrosse(长曲棍球)is a popular sport in CanadaThe Indians in Canada invented itThey used it to train for warThey invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World
People play lacrosse outdoorsThe lacrosse field is seven meters longAt each end of the field there is a goalThe goal is
There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over CanadaEvery night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in CanadaToday it is still popular with Canadians
★The passage is mainly about
A how to Play Lacrosse B lacrosse in Canada Cthe History of Lacrosse
Dlacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada
(3)藏龙卧虎式
藏龙卧虎式指题句隐含全文中没明确题句具体方法首先弄清楚段落讲方面容容逻辑什联系寻找点然加纳形成题
典例Handshaking though a European practice is often seen in big cities of ChinaNobody knows exactly when the practice started in EuropeIt is said that long long ago in Europe when people metthey showed their unarmed hands to each other as a sign of good willAs time went on and trade in cities grew rapidlypeople in cities began to clap each other＇s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreementThis practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other Let ＇s shake( hands ) on itsometimes means agreement reached
典例 The paragraph mainly tells us
A where handshaking was first practiced
Bhow handshaking came about
Cabout the relationship between handshaking and trade
Dabout the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
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细节理解题实战技法
1快速定位法
快速定位法指抓住题目中关键信息﹐寻读方法快速定位
典例 A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very earlier——at 4 30 in the morningThat ＇s when they get up and start filmingAnd it＇s a long day—they often work until 830 in the evening In the winter it＇s very cold and in the summer it can be40℃ Dereck always does thatand she doesn＇t write But Dereck never takes photographs or records the soundThey work very well as a teamand they both believe we should shoot animals with cameras——not with guns
★Dereck and Beverly start working
Aat 430 in the morning Bat 430 in the afternoon Cat 830 in the morning Dat 830 in the evening
2选项排法
选项排法根题干提供信息先眼出干扰项排缩选择范围然剩余选项填入空白处进行检验辨真伪
典例 How do you remember the way to your house Where do dreams come from It is your brain(脑)that does these thingsA British scientist showed that sleep can improve one＇s memory It＇s not a dream for students to study when they sleepIn factyour brain is working day and night1f you learn words before bed a certain part of the brain may help you to remember the words while you sleep What＇s moreanother scientist in the USA found that there was a talent button(天钮)in the human brainIt might make a person more talented
There are more interesting things about the brain Your brain uses less energy than a fridge lightJust two bananas can give the brain enough energy to work for a whole day According to some scientistsyawning（哈欠)keeps our brainscoolwhich makes us think quicker
Here are some pieces of advice to keep a good brain
Eat healthy food
Get a lot of play time or exercise
Don＇t drink or smoke
Use your brain a lot
★Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
AOur brains only work in the daytime
BOur brains need much energy every day
CSmoking can keep our brains healthy
DGetting exercise is good for our brains
3数字计算法
数字计算题细节理解题种数字计算法适该类题该方法求文章中提数进行简单加减运算便出符合题目求数
典例When we cut down the rainforestswe destroy these forest peopletooIn 1900there were 1000000forest people in the Amazon forestIn 1980 there were only 200 000
★The number of the people living in the Amazon forest in 1980 was of that in 1900
Ahalf Bonethird Ctwofifths Donefifth
二
词义猜测题实战技法
1通构词法猜测词义
阅读中常常会遇熟悉单词派生转化合成新词考生构词法方面知识猜测词义
典例They like different kinds of amusements The Germans are very hardworkingThey like tidinessespecially the womenwho always keep their home clean
What does the underlined wordtidinessmean in Chinese
A整洁B安静C时尚D意
2利标点符号猜测词义
作者时利标点符号生词直接提供定义解释符号疑考生理解猜测生词词义提供线索破折号引号等考生解题时善抓住线索
典例Bob works in a car factory near his home He works very hard He needs to work 8 hours everyday He will be on the night shift—from midnight to 8 amnext day
★What＇s the meaning of the underlined words
A开夜车B夜班C熬夜D晚休息
3通义反义关系猜测词义
生词文中时会出现义反义词语时根熟悉词语含义推知生词含义
典例 In its first year of businessDiners Clubissued 200 cardsThe customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurantsToday Diners Club has about 8 million customersand they can use their cards in over 76million businesses in more than 200 countries
★The underlined wordissued here probably means
Ashowed Btook C borrowed D provided
4通定义解释举例猜测词义
阅读材料中特新闻报道科普类说明文中生词面that ismeanstand fornamelyrefer toin other words等破折号引出说明性容时位语定语句进行解释说明文章常例子说明前面较难理解词例子帮助考生准确猜测生词文章举例时常常会连接词 such aslikefor example等
典例 Why did he do it Why did he break the law and endanger people＇s health The answer is simple He wanted to make more moneyIt was amoral failingand this is at the heart of the food scandals in ChinaToo many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others
★It was a moral failingand this is at the heart of the food scandals in ChinaHere what＇s the Chinese meaning of moral failing
A精神崩溃 B道德滑坡 C质量降 D心理失衡
5根释义猜词义
释义常定语句isorthat is ( to say ) in other words be calledbe known as等词汇短语破折号表示
典例 It will be very hard but also very brittle—that isit will break easily What ＇s the Chinese meaning ofbrittle
A强壮 B脆 C骄傲 D静
6通文联系猜测词义
篇文章中句子容绝孤立句子段落整篇文章联系考生利文提供情景线索进行合逻辑综合分析进猜测词义
典例 As she grew older she accepted who she wasStill she wanted to find the missing piece of the puzzle After finding out the place of her birthparents Ida went to Korea in 2008When she first arrivedshe was surprised to see so many people who looked like her Howeverapart from her looksnot much could be shared with othersshe knew little about the culturefoodespecially the languageBeing in Korea wasn＇t always easy for her
★What does the phraseapart frommean
A except Bas for C as well as D besides
三
推理判断题实战技法
1抓住特定关键信息进行正逆推理
考生做类试题时善抓住某关键信息﹐某关键词短语分析推理判断利正推理逆思维推断出句话隐含深层含义
典例Mark Wellman showed that if you set your heart and mind on somethingno wall is too highand no dream is impossible
What can we learn from the passage
AA friend in need is a friend indeed BDreams will come true in the end
CEach step is important to success DNothing can stop a strong will
2根文章中翁作推断翁身份
推断翁作者身份题目考生根翁作者作推断
典例 In Englandeverybody knows Jamie OliverHe has his own TV programs In these programs he tells people how to cook healthy food Everyone likes Jamie＇s programs because his food is easy to make
Jamie wants people to eat healthily In some schools in Englandthe food at lunch time wasn＇t healthyOne dayJamie went to a school to make a TV program about healthy diet He cooked the food with lots of fruit and vegetablesAt first the children didn＇t want to eat because they didn＇t like fruit or vegetablesBut after they tasted the foodthey started to enjoy it
Now the food for children in schools has become much healthier
★From the passage we learnt that Jamie is a famous
ATV host
Bfilm actor
C school teacher
3运语境褒贬性进行信息推断
文章语境定褒贬性种褒贬性反映公特定心理情绪状态作者写作意图认真阅读原文找出反映语境褒贬性变化标志性词汇句子掌握文章旨意解公心理特点发展变化正确进行逻辑推断处
典例After our hospital visitmy husband and l needed cheering upso we thought we would treat
ourselves to a big breakfast at our favourite restaurant While we were waiting for our mealswe decided to use all our small change and make our wallets light so we counted it out as we waited
l vaguely(含糊)remembered seeing a man sitting nearbyWhen our meals arrivedwe found a note It read Your breakfast has been paid forHope you have a lovely day
lt was a wonderful surprise as nothing like that had ever happened to us He must have thought we could hardly pay the bill We looked around to thank himbut he had leftAs retirees(退休者)we were grateful for the help like thisbut it was the kindness of a total stranger that meant so much more to us
★Clearly the man sitting near the couple was
A poor Brich C helpful Dgrateful
4根文逻辑出结
逻辑结指严格根文章中陈述事实点例证等系列材料进行推理出合逻辑结﹐根验态度观点爱理解文章涵做类题时应握作者写作思路预测文发展容文章事件发展描写果关系关系描写
典例 My summer hols wr CWOTB4 we used 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro his GF & thr 3—@kidsFTFILNY and its gr8
Can you understand this sentence If you can＇tdon＇t feel too bad neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homeworkThis is Netspeakthe language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphonesTo newcomers it can look like a completely foreign language Sowhat is thetranslationof the sentence aboveMy summer holidays were a complete waste of time Beforewe used to go to Nee York to see my brother his girl friend and their three screaming kids face to face I love New York and it ＇s great
★What is the main purpose of the first paragraph
ATo give an example of a foreign language BTo show an example of creative methods
CTo express worries about using Netspeak DTo lead in the topic of Netspcak
四
热身环节
旨意题实战技法
1旨意题解题五原
旨意题够原文中直接找答案题目﹐解题时注意五原
①原文掺杂意见客观观克服认……样观点
②答案出时候四答案答案选选答案原≥知道≥
③注意绝化词果答案选项中出现绝化词 all always never nothing every等非文章中该类词汇否般排
④答案避免点带面偏概全尤选项道理难挑选正确答案时候注意选择符合题目求
⑤傻瓜原文章中没提知道枉猜测作聪明切文章容准
2选帽原
谓选帽原选标题帽子样合适行外标题简洁突出新颖标题文章点睛笔具醒目特点吸引读者
典例Hidear boys and girls Do you know how to be a healthy kid Here are some rules you should follow
Firsteat different foodsespecially fruit and vegetables You may have a favourite foodbut you＇d better eat something different lf you eat different foodsyou will probably get more nutrients(营养物质)your body needs
Seconddrink water and milk as often as possible
Thirdlisten to your body
Fourthlimit(限制)screen times Fifthbe active
Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid
★Which is the best title of the passage
AHow to be active
B How to make yourself important
CHow to make your parents healthy
D How to be a healthy kid
3题定位法
旨意题包括两类标题类旨意类两类题目性解类题目时采取题定位法
谓题定位法通分析文章首尾段开头找出段题句然通寻找点找出整文章题句种方法作题定位法
掌握题定位法考生明白题呈现方式
(1)藏头露尾式
藏头露尾式意思说题句出现开头出现结尾
典例On the Internetwe can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we canWe often send emails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internetwhat ＇s morewe can go to school on the netread a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languagesWe also enjoy music watch ball matches on the net and play computer games With the help of the netwe can do shopping even without leaving our homesThe Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life
★What ＇s the main idea of the passage
AKeep away from the InternetBSurf the net
C The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life
DWe can entertain ourselves on the Internet
(2)首尾呼应式
文章中突出题作者文章开头提出题接着进行阐述证结尾时次点明题值注意前两题句简单重复次出现题句前面题句进步引申发展
典例Lacrosse(长曲棍球)is a popular sport in CanadaThe Indians in Canada invented itThey used it to train for warThey invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World
People play lacrosse outdoorsThe lacrosse field is seven meters longAt each end of the field there is a goalThe goal is
There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over CanadaEvery night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in CanadaToday it is still popular with Canadians
★The passage is mainly about
A how to Play Lacrosse B lacrosse in Canada Cthe History of Lacrosse
Dlacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada
(3)藏龙卧虎式
藏龙卧虎式指题句隐含全文中没明确题句具体方法首先弄清楚段落讲方面容容逻辑什联系寻找点然加纳形成题
典例Handshaking though a European practice is often seen in big cities of ChinaNobody knows exactly when the practice started in EuropeIt is said that long long ago in Europe when people metthey showed their unarmed hands to each other as a sign of good willAs time went on and trade in cities grew rapidlypeople in cities began to clap each other＇s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreementThis practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other Let ＇s shake( hands ) on itsometimes means agreement reached
典例 The paragraph mainly tells us
A where handshaking was first practiced
Bhow handshaking came about
Cabout the relationship between handshaking and trade
Dabout the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
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