直接引语间接引语详解题
直接引语间接引语定义
1 直接引语：直接说话般直接放引号：
(1) My mother told me You should finish your homework first then you can play with your friends
(2) Our teacher said Class is over we should have a rest
2 间接引语：话加转述转述话放引号面两例句变成间接引语应该：
(1) My mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends
(2) Our teacher said class was over and we should have a rest
二直接引语间接引语变化
直接引语变成间接引语时引述动词（saidtold等）般时形式间接引语中动词时态称代词限定词时间状语点状语等般做相应变化面种情况：
1 现时间推移时间
谓现时间推移时间指般现时变般时现进行时变成进行时现完成时变成完成时例：
She said I am hungry → She said (that) she was hungry
Vince said I have found what’s wrong with the computer → Vince said he had found what was wrong with the computer
列场合陈述动词时形式间接引语中动词时态必改变：
(1) 引述客观事实科学真理现惯工作格言等容时：
He said The word laser’ is an acronym(首字母缩略词) → He said the word laser’ is an acronym
(2) 动词表示状态动作引述时继续时：
I’m forty he said → He said he is forty
(3) 谓语动词包含时形式情态助动词时：
He said It must be pretty late I really must go → He said it must be pretty late and he really must go
He said You mustn’t smoke in the room→ He said I mustn’t smoke in the room
2 时间推移
里需注意点：
(1) 强调动作状态先引述动词时般时变成完成体例：
He said I didn’t know you → He said he hadn’t known me
已言明者通词汇手段予体现者侧重强调转述事实身时般时形式变例：
Ann said She was born in 1981 → Ann said she was born in 1981
(2) 进行时变成完成进行时变例：
Robert said I was joking with Mary
→ Robert said he had been joking with Mary
Robert said he was joking with Mary
(3) 完成时完成时需改变例：
He said We hadn’t returned to the store when she came
→ He said they hadn’t returned to the store when she came
(4) 时间状语分句中般式者进行时变例：
John said When I lived in London I often saw Jane
→ John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane
3 时间推移时间
常见表示时间助动词现时形式变时形式例：
He said We’re spending next weekend at home
→ He said they were spending the next weekend at home
They said We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation
→ They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation
引述时果原话中动作者状态属尚未时间推移时间例：
He said I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow → He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow
4 称代词限定词时间状语点状语变化
面例子出直接引语变成间接引语时动词时态变化外称代词限定词时间状语点状语等通常作相应变化
(1) 称代词引述原话外通常第二称变第三称者第二称变第称限定词作相应变化例：
He said We love our country → He said they love their county
(2) 指示代词thisthese分变成thatitthosetheythem指示限定词thisthose通常变thatthosethe例：
This house is very expensive she said → She said that house was very expensive
(3) 时间状语间接引语中变化三种情况：
a 时间状语动词时态两者变例：
He said It was completes a year ago → He said it had been completed a year before
b 时间状语变动词时态变变例：
She said We left Paris at 8 am
→ She said they had left Paris at 8 am
She said they left Paris at 8 am
c 时间状语变变需视具体情况定果引述时间说话时间（年月天等）时间状语变例：
Mr Black said We started learning Chinese last month
→ Mr Black said they had started learning Chinese last month （月引述）
→ Mr Black said they had started learning Chinese the previous month （月引述月引述）
直接引语 间接引语
today that day
this morningafternoon that morningafternoon
yesterday the day before the previous day
(the) day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day the following day
(the) day after tomorrow two days after in two days’ time
next weekmonth the next weekmonth
last weekmonth the weekmonth before
now then
(4) 点状语here通常变there说话引述here具体点代here例：
She said I first met your brother here → She said she first met my brother there
Are the children here Father asked → Father asked whether the children were here
三直接引语间接引语正误例析
1 Speak English more often in and out of class our English teacher said to us
Our English teacher suggested us to speak English more often in and out of class (误)
Our English teacher told asked us to speak English more often in and out of class (正)
Our English teacher suggested that we (should)speak English more often in and out of class (正)
简析：直接引语祈句变间接引语时祈句动词原形变带to定式定式前面根语气需ask tell order等动词句型：asktellorder someone to do sthsuggest接定式作宾补接ing形式句(句虚拟语气)作宾语
2 Don’t play football on the street little boys the policeman said
The policeman told the little boys did not play football on the street (误)
The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street (正)
简析：果直接引语祈句否定式变间接引语时改定式否定形式作宾补定式否定形式定式前面加not加do not does not did not等
3 Would you please do me the favor to carry the box upstairs the young woman said to me
The young woman ordered me to carry the box upstairs for her (误)
The young woman asked me to carry the box upstairs for her (正)
简析：直接引语表示请求建议疑问句变间接引语时变定式作宾语补足语需注意应根原句语气选恰动词处原疑问句客气语气改写宜order
4 You clean the classroom after class today Tom said the monitor
The monitor said that Tom cleaned the classroom after class that day(误)
The monitor told Tom to clean the classroom after class that day (正)
简析：般言祈句动词原形开头果说话意强调动作执行者句首加语变间接引语时带语祈句陈述句混淆起
5 It’s a fine day Let’s go to the country for a picnic Peter said to me
Peter told me that it was a fine day and let us go to the country for a picnic (误)
Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him (正)
简析：直接引语中种句子形式陈述句祈句疑问句等时方式种句子进行转述原句中直接引语前面部分陈述句变that引导宾语句面部分祈句变定式作宾补
直接引语变间接引语技巧
变称
面句口溜二宾第三称更新指直接引语变间接引语时果句中语第称第称修饰句中称句中语称变化：
She said My brother wants to go with me →She said her brother wanted to go with her
二宾指直接引语变间接引语时句中语宾语第二称第二修饰句中称引号外句宾语致果引号外句没宾语第称：
He said to Kate How is your sister now →He asked Kate how her sister was then
第三称更新指直接引语变间接引语时果句中语宾语第三称第三称修饰句中称般需变化：
Mr Smith said Jack is a good worker→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker
二变时态：
直接引语改间接引语时时态需做相应调整
现时需改时态时态改完成时完成时保留原时态：
1) She said I have lost a pen →She said she had lost a pen
2) She said We hope so →She said they hoped so
3) She said He will go to see his friend→She said he would go to see his friend
注意种情况直接引语变间接引语时时态般变化
①直接引语客观真理
The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth the teacher told me → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth
②直接引语进行时时态变：
Jack said John where were you going when I met you in the street →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street
③直接引语中具体某年某月某日作状语变间接引语时时态变：
Xiao Wang said I was born on April 20 1980 →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20 1980
④直接引语果般现时表示种反复出现惯性动作变间接引语时态变：
He said I get up at six every morning →He said he gets up at six every morning
⑤果直接引语中情态动词没时形式（例：ought to had better used to)已时形式时（例：could should would might）变：
Peter said You had better come have today →Peter said I had better go there that day
三变状语：
直接引语变间接引语状语变化规时间状语现改原（例：now变then yesterday变 the day before）点状语尤表示方性指示代词修饰状语改彼（例：this 改that)：
He said These books are mine →He said those books were his
四变句型：
①直接引语果陈述句间接引语应改that引导宾语句：She said Our bus will arrive in five minutes →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes
②直接引语果反意疑问句选择疑问句般疑问句间接引语应改whetherif引导宾语句：He said Can you swim John →He asked John if he could swim
You have finished the homework havent you my mother asked →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework
Do you go to school by bus or by bike →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike
③直接引语果特殊问句间接引语应该改疑问代词疑问副词引导宾语句（宾语句必须陈述句语序）
She asked me When do they have their dinner→ She asked me when they had their dinner
④直接引语果祈句间接引语应改tell(ask order beg等) sb(not) to do sth句型：
Don’t make any noise she said to the children →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise
Bring me a cup of tea please said she →She asked him to bring her a cup of tea
⑤直接引语果Lets开头祈句变间接引语时通常suggest +动句词（句）：
He said Let’s go to the film →He suggested going to the filmHe suggested that they should go to see the film
引述话两种方式：引号引出家原话做直接引语话家话转述出做间接引语例：
John said I’m going to London with my father
约翰说：父亲伦敦（引号直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father
约翰说父亲伦敦（宾语句间接引语）
直接引语变间接引语分情况：
1直接引语陈述句时
间接引语that引导宾语句（口语中that省略）句引述动词say tell repeat explain think等
He said You are younger than I He said (that) I was younger than him
2直接引语疑问句时
间接引语陈述语序：句谓语动词say 改ask改wonder do not know want to know be not sure be puzzled等
（1） 般疑问句反意疑问句变if (whether)引导宾语句
She said Do you often come here to read newspapers
→She asked me if (whether)I often went there to read newspapers
She asked me You have seen the film haven’t you
→She asked me whether(if )I had seen the film
（2） 选择疑问句变whether…or 宾语句
I asked him Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night
(3)特殊疑问句变原疑问词引导宾语句
He asked Where do you live →He asked me where I lived
3直接引语祈句时
间接引语定式作ask tell beg order warn advise等动词宾语补足语（don’t 变not ）
The teacher said to the boy Open the window →The teacher told the boy to open the window
His father said to him Don’t leave the door open →His father told him not to leave the door open
[注意]
（1） 表示建议提议劝告求祈句suggest insist等动词 加转述例：
He said Let’s go to the theatre
→He suggested (our )going to the theatreHe suggested that we(should) go to the theatre
(2) Would you mind opening the window he asked
→He asked me to open the window
Why don’t you take a walk after supper he asked
→he advised me to take a walk after supper
Shall we listen to the music he asked
→He suggested listening to the music
4直接引语感叹句时
间接引语what how 引导that 引导
She said What a lovely day it is
→She said what a lovely day it was She said that it was a lovely day
5果句谓语动词种现时般时间接引语中动词保持直接引语原时态果句谓语动词时间接引语中动词时态列变化：
（1） 般现时变般时
（2） 现进行时变进行时
（3） 般时变时
（4） 现完成时变完成时
（5） 般时变完成时
（6） 完成时变完成时
[注意]
（1）果直接引语表示客观真理时变间接引语般现时改般时：
The teacher said The earth goes round the sun
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
（2）果直接引语中明确表示时间状语变间接引语时般时改完成时：
He said to me I was born in 1973
→He told me that he was born in 1973
(3)果直接引语述事实时目前样生效变间接宾语时般现时改般时：
He said I’m a boy not a girl
→He said that he is a boy not a girl
(4)果直接引语中谓语动词表示种反复出现惯动作变间接引时般现时改般时：
The girl said I get up at six every morning
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning
(5)果直接引语中含since when while 引导表示时间状语句变间接引语时改变句中谓语动词句般时变：
He said to me I have taught English since he came here
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here
(6)果直接引语中含情态动词 must need had better情态动词式could might should would变间接引语时情态动词没时态改变例：
The teacher said to me You must pay more attention to your pronunciation
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation
He said I could swim when I was only six
→He said that he could swim when he was only six
6代词等般应作相应变化
指示代词 this that
these those
表示时间词 now then
today that day
this week(month etc) that week (month etc)
yesterday the day before
last week(month) the week(month) before
three days(a year)agothree days(a year)before
tomorrow the next (following ) day
next week(month)the next(following)week(month)
表点词 here there
动词 bring take
come –go
直接引语变间接引语法讲解
定义：直接引语：直接引原话原话前加引号
例：He said It is too late
间接引语：话转述话数宾语句形式构成
例：He said it was too late
直接引语间接引语相互转化时应注意问题
第：称变化
语第称直接引语变间接引语时称做相应调整
例：
直接引语 She said I am hungry
间接引语 She said she was hungry
直接引语 Mum said to me You must clean your bedroom by yourself
间接引语 Mum told me that I had to clean my bedroom by myself
第二：时态变化
直接引语变间接引语时间接引语时态句时态致规律图
注意：
1直接引语客观真理时间接引语时态变般现时
例：Teacher told us The moon moves round the earth
Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth
2直接引语般时具体时间状语连时间接引语般时
例：She said I went to England in 1998
She said she went to England in 1998
3句般现时般时时候间接引语时态变
He says I bought you a book yesterday
He says that he bought me a book yesterday
第三：指示代词时间状语点状语动词变化
第四：句式变化
1陈述句变间接引语时that连接
：She said I am a girl
She said that she was a girl (that省略)
2般疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句变间接引语时陈述语气加连词ifwhether
例：She asked me Are you Mr Li
She asked me if I was Mr Li
She asked us Do you want to go on a picnic
She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic
3特殊疑问句变间接引语特殊疑问词引导
例：How much have we spent on petrol this year Susan asked her husband
Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year
4祈句变间接引语改二变三加四
改：said (to) 改askedtold ordered等
二变：said to 宾语呼语变asked等宾语
三加：动词原形前加to成动词定式
四：掉please
例：He said to her Don＇t take the book away
He asked her not take the book away
5感叹句变间接引语
What awful weather it is she said
She complained about the awful weather
What a bright girl you are He said to me
He praised me that I was a bright girl
直接引语变间接引语练题
练题
I 列句子变间接引语
1 You should be more careful next time his father said to him
2 Mr Wang said I will leave for Shanghai on business next month children
3 I haven’t heard from my parents these days said Mary
4 The geography teacher said to us The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round
the sun
5 She said to him It’s time that you left here
6 Zhang Hong said to me Doctor Wang passed away in 1948
7 John said to his parents I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term
8 The history teacher said to them The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st 1921
9 He said Are you a student
10 Have you anything interesting I can read George she said
11 She’s here to ask for help isn’t she he asked
12 Where are you going the father asked his son
13 Are you sorry for what you have done the mother asked the naughty boy
14 She said Did you meet this man at the station two hours ago Mr Li
15 Write your names on your papers first the teacher said to us
16 Please come here again tomorrow her friend said to her
17 Let me pack the parcel for you he said
18 Don’t make so much noise in class boys and girls said the teacher
19 What a lovely day it is
20 Happy New Year to you he said
II 列句子变直接引语
1 I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it
2 She asked whether I would be free the next day or not
3 I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day
4 His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat
5 The stranger asked me what my name was
6 She said that she would finish her work the next day
7 The teacher asked if we could do it
8 The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn
9 My teacher asked whether he was coming
10 The scientist asked me what I was doing
参考答案：
I 列句子变间接引语
1 His father told him that he should be more careful the next time
2 Mr Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month
3 Mary said that she hadn’t heard from her parents those days
4 The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round
the sun
5 She told him that it was time that he left there
6 Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948
7 John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term
8 The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st 1921
9 He asked whether I was a student
10 She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read
11 He asked whether she was there to ask for help or not
12 The father asked his son where he was going
13 The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done
14 She asked Mr Li whether he had met that man at the station two hours before
15 The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first
16 Her friend asked her to go there again the next following day
7 He offered to pack the parcel for me
18 The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class
19 He She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day
20 He wished me a Happy New Year
I 列句子变直接引语
1 I said to him I have lost my money I will find it
2 She asked You will be free tomorrow won’t you
3 I asked her Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow
4 His father said Don’t climb this high tree in your new coat
5 The stranger asked What’s your name
6 I’ll finish my work tomorrow she said
7 The teacher asked Can you do it
8 The commander ordered his men Don’t cross the river before dawn
9 My teacher asked Is he coming
10 The scientist asked me What are you doing
直接引语变间接引语练题
二 直接引语变间接引语空词：
1 I never eat meat he said
He said that ______ never ______ meat
2 I’ve found my wallet he said to me
He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet
3 I took it home with me she said
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her
4 The teacher said The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west
5 I met her yesterday he said to me
He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______
6 You must come here before five he said
He said that I ______ to go ______ before five
7 I bought the house 10 years ago he said
He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______
8 Did you see her last week he said
He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______
9 He said You can sit here Jim
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there
10 He asked How did you find it mother
He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it
11 Where have you been these days he asked
He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days
12 Do you know where she lives he asked
He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______
13 Stop making so much noise children he said
He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise
14 Don’t tell him the news she said
She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news
15 Are you intested in this he said
He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______
参考答案
1 he ate 2 told had found his
3 she had taken 4 rise goes
5 told had before 6 had there
7 had before 8 asked if [whether] before
9 told could 10 how she had
11 where I had those 12 if [whether] I lived
13 told to stop 14 not to tell
15 asked if [whether] that
三 请列直接引语改间接引语
1 I＇m glad to receive your email said he
________________________________________________
2 He said to me Are you going home this weekend
________________________________________________
3 How do you like the food here said she
________________________________________________
4 She said to me Don＇t ride in the street
________________________________________________
5 Stand where you are the police said to the young man
________________________________________________
II 请列空白处填适词语句意变
1． She said Are you from the south
She asked ________ I ________ from the south
2 Mom said to me Don＇t tell a lie
Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie
3． Susan said to me We visited the Red Star Farm last week
Susan told me that ________ ________ ________ the Red Star
Farm ________ ________ ________
4． Mr Paul said to us Light travels faster than sound
Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound
5． Go and post the letters the manager said to him
The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters
参考答案： I 1 He said that he was glad to receive my email 2 He asked me if I was going home that weekend 3 She asked how I liked the food there 4 She told me not to ride in the street 5 The police ordered the young man to stand where he was
II 1 if whether was 2 told not to 3 they had visited the week before 4 told travels 5 told to go
四 直接引语变间接引语练题
1．He said I’ve left my book in my room
2．She said He will be busy
3．She said to Tom Can you help me
4．She asked Is this book yours or his
5．The teacher asked how did you repair it
6．The teacher said to the students Don’t waste your time
7．The mother said Tom get up early please
8．The teacher said The earth goes round the sun
9．My father said Practice makes perfect
10．The boy said to us I usually get up at six every day
11．He said We are still students’
12．He said to me I was born in 1978
13．The engineer said I was at college in 1967
14．He said I have studied English since I was a boy
15．She said I read the book while I was waiting for a bus
16．Mr Green said to them Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job
17．He said We insisted that she start immediately
18．She said He demanded that the girl leave at once
19．I said to him I have finished it
20．She said to us I’ll come here tomorrow
21．Where does your chemistry teacher live Karen the young man asked
22．I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition the little boy said happily
23．Light travels faster than sound the physics teacher said to the boys and girls
24．Will you go to the concert with me this evening Mary asked me
25．What did you do here yesterday the old man asked my brother
Key
1． He told me that he had left his book in his room
2． She said that he would be busy
3． She asked Tom if whether he could help her
4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his
5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it
6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time
7． The mother asked Tom to get up early
8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
9． My father said practice makes perfect
10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day
11． He said they are still students
12． He told me that he was born in 1978
13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967
14． He said he had studied English since he was a boy
15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus
16． Mr Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job
17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately
18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once
19． I told him I had finished it
20． She told us she would come here tomorrow
21． The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived
22． The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition
23． The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound
24． Mary asked me if whether I would go to the concert with her that evening
25． The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before
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直接引语间接引语定义
1 直接引语：直接说话般直接放引号：
(1) My mother told me You should finish your homework first then you can play with your friends
(2) Our teacher said Class is over we should have a rest
2 间接引语：话加转述转述话放引号面两例句变成间接引语应该：
(1) My mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends
(2) Our teacher said class was over and we should have a rest
二直接引语间接引语变化
直接引语变成间接引语时引述动词（saidtold等）般时形式间接引语中动词时态称代词限定词时间状语点状语等般做相应变化面种情况：
1 现时间推移时间
谓现时间推移时间指般现时变般时现进行时变成进行时现完成时变成完成时例：
She said I am hungry → She said (that) she was hungry
Vince said I have found what’s wrong with the computer → Vince said he had found what was wrong with the computer
列场合陈述动词时形式间接引语中动词时态必改变：
(1) 引述客观事实科学真理现惯工作格言等容时：
He said The word laser’ is an acronym(首字母缩略词) → He said the word laser’ is an acronym
(2) 动词表示状态动作引述时继续时：
I’m forty he said → He said he is forty
(3) 谓语动词包含时形式情态助动词时：
He said It must be pretty late I really must go → He said it must be pretty late and he really must go
He said You mustn’t smoke in the room→ He said I mustn’t smoke in the room
2 时间推移
里需注意点：
(1) 强调动作状态先引述动词时般时变成完成体例：
He said I didn’t know you → He said he hadn’t known me
已言明者通词汇手段予体现者侧重强调转述事实身时般时形式变例：
Ann said She was born in 1981 → Ann said she was born in 1981
(2) 进行时变成完成进行时变例：
Robert said I was joking with Mary
→ Robert said he had been joking with Mary
Robert said he was joking with Mary
(3) 完成时完成时需改变例：
He said We hadn’t returned to the store when she came
→ He said they hadn’t returned to the store when she came
(4) 时间状语分句中般式者进行时变例：
John said When I lived in London I often saw Jane
→ John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane
3 时间推移时间
常见表示时间助动词现时形式变时形式例：
He said We’re spending next weekend at home
→ He said they were spending the next weekend at home
They said We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation
→ They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation
引述时果原话中动作者状态属尚未时间推移时间例：
He said I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow → He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow
4 称代词限定词时间状语点状语变化
面例子出直接引语变成间接引语时动词时态变化外称代词限定词时间状语点状语等通常作相应变化
(1) 称代词引述原话外通常第二称变第三称者第二称变第称限定词作相应变化例：
He said We love our country → He said they love their county
(2) 指示代词thisthese分变成thatitthosetheythem指示限定词thisthose通常变thatthosethe例：
This house is very expensive she said → She said that house was very expensive
(3) 时间状语间接引语中变化三种情况：
a 时间状语动词时态两者变例：
He said It was completes a year ago → He said it had been completed a year before
b 时间状语变动词时态变变例：
She said We left Paris at 8 am
→ She said they had left Paris at 8 am
She said they left Paris at 8 am
c 时间状语变变需视具体情况定果引述时间说话时间（年月天等）时间状语变例：
Mr Black said We started learning Chinese last month
→ Mr Black said they had started learning Chinese last month （月引述）
→ Mr Black said they had started learning Chinese the previous month （月引述月引述）
直接引语 间接引语
today that day
this morningafternoon that morningafternoon
yesterday the day before the previous day
(the) day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day the following day
(the) day after tomorrow two days after in two days’ time
next weekmonth the next weekmonth
last weekmonth the weekmonth before
now then
(4) 点状语here通常变there说话引述here具体点代here例：
She said I first met your brother here → She said she first met my brother there
Are the children here Father asked → Father asked whether the children were here
三直接引语间接引语正误例析
1 Speak English more often in and out of class our English teacher said to us
Our English teacher suggested us to speak English more often in and out of class (误)
Our English teacher told asked us to speak English more often in and out of class (正)
Our English teacher suggested that we (should)speak English more often in and out of class (正)
简析：直接引语祈句变间接引语时祈句动词原形变带to定式定式前面根语气需ask tell order等动词句型：asktellorder someone to do sthsuggest接定式作宾补接ing形式句(句虚拟语气)作宾语
2 Don’t play football on the street little boys the policeman said
The policeman told the little boys did not play football on the street (误)
The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street (正)
简析：果直接引语祈句否定式变间接引语时改定式否定形式作宾补定式否定形式定式前面加not加do not does not did not等
3 Would you please do me the favor to carry the box upstairs the young woman said to me
The young woman ordered me to carry the box upstairs for her (误)
The young woman asked me to carry the box upstairs for her (正)
简析：直接引语表示请求建议疑问句变间接引语时变定式作宾语补足语需注意应根原句语气选恰动词处原疑问句客气语气改写宜order
4 You clean the classroom after class today Tom said the monitor
The monitor said that Tom cleaned the classroom after class that day(误)
The monitor told Tom to clean the classroom after class that day (正)
简析：般言祈句动词原形开头果说话意强调动作执行者句首加语变间接引语时带语祈句陈述句混淆起
5 It’s a fine day Let’s go to the country for a picnic Peter said to me
Peter told me that it was a fine day and let us go to the country for a picnic (误)
Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him (正)
简析：直接引语中种句子形式陈述句祈句疑问句等时方式种句子进行转述原句中直接引语前面部分陈述句变that引导宾语句面部分祈句变定式作宾补
直接引语变间接引语技巧
变称
面句口溜二宾第三称更新指直接引语变间接引语时果句中语第称第称修饰句中称句中语称变化：
She said My brother wants to go with me →She said her brother wanted to go with her
二宾指直接引语变间接引语时句中语宾语第二称第二修饰句中称引号外句宾语致果引号外句没宾语第称：
He said to Kate How is your sister now →He asked Kate how her sister was then
第三称更新指直接引语变间接引语时果句中语宾语第三称第三称修饰句中称般需变化：
Mr Smith said Jack is a good worker→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker
二变时态：
直接引语改间接引语时时态需做相应调整
现时需改时态时态改完成时完成时保留原时态：
1) She said I have lost a pen →She said she had lost a pen
2) She said We hope so →She said they hoped so
3) She said He will go to see his friend→She said he would go to see his friend
注意种情况直接引语变间接引语时时态般变化
①直接引语客观真理
The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth the teacher told me → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth
②直接引语进行时时态变：
Jack said John where were you going when I met you in the street →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street
③直接引语中具体某年某月某日作状语变间接引语时时态变：
Xiao Wang said I was born on April 20 1980 →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20 1980
④直接引语果般现时表示种反复出现惯性动作变间接引语时态变：
He said I get up at six every morning →He said he gets up at six every morning
⑤果直接引语中情态动词没时形式（例：ought to had better used to)已时形式时（例：could should would might）变：
Peter said You had better come have today →Peter said I had better go there that day
三变状语：
直接引语变间接引语状语变化规时间状语现改原（例：now变then yesterday变 the day before）点状语尤表示方性指示代词修饰状语改彼（例：this 改that)：
He said These books are mine →He said those books were his
四变句型：
①直接引语果陈述句间接引语应改that引导宾语句：She said Our bus will arrive in five minutes →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes
②直接引语果反意疑问句选择疑问句般疑问句间接引语应改whetherif引导宾语句：He said Can you swim John →He asked John if he could swim
You have finished the homework havent you my mother asked →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework
Do you go to school by bus or by bike →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike
③直接引语果特殊问句间接引语应该改疑问代词疑问副词引导宾语句（宾语句必须陈述句语序）
She asked me When do they have their dinner→ She asked me when they had their dinner
④直接引语果祈句间接引语应改tell(ask order beg等) sb(not) to do sth句型：
Don’t make any noise she said to the children →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise
Bring me a cup of tea please said she →She asked him to bring her a cup of tea
⑤直接引语果Lets开头祈句变间接引语时通常suggest +动句词（句）：
He said Let’s go to the film →He suggested going to the filmHe suggested that they should go to see the film
引述话两种方式：引号引出家原话做直接引语话家话转述出做间接引语例：
John said I’m going to London with my father
约翰说：父亲伦敦（引号直接引语）
John said that he was going to London with his father
约翰说父亲伦敦（宾语句间接引语）
直接引语变间接引语分情况：
1直接引语陈述句时
间接引语that引导宾语句（口语中that省略）句引述动词say tell repeat explain think等
He said You are younger than I He said (that) I was younger than him
2直接引语疑问句时
间接引语陈述语序：句谓语动词say 改ask改wonder do not know want to know be not sure be puzzled等
（1） 般疑问句反意疑问句变if (whether)引导宾语句
She said Do you often come here to read newspapers
→She asked me if (whether)I often went there to read newspapers
She asked me You have seen the film haven’t you
→She asked me whether(if )I had seen the film
（2） 选择疑问句变whether…or 宾语句
I asked him Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night
(3)特殊疑问句变原疑问词引导宾语句
He asked Where do you live →He asked me where I lived
3直接引语祈句时
间接引语定式作ask tell beg order warn advise等动词宾语补足语（don’t 变not ）
The teacher said to the boy Open the window →The teacher told the boy to open the window
His father said to him Don’t leave the door open →His father told him not to leave the door open
[注意]
（1） 表示建议提议劝告求祈句suggest insist等动词 加转述例：
He said Let’s go to the theatre
→He suggested (our )going to the theatreHe suggested that we(should) go to the theatre
(2) Would you mind opening the window he asked
→He asked me to open the window
Why don’t you take a walk after supper he asked
→he advised me to take a walk after supper
Shall we listen to the music he asked
→He suggested listening to the music
4直接引语感叹句时
间接引语what how 引导that 引导
She said What a lovely day it is
→She said what a lovely day it was She said that it was a lovely day
5果句谓语动词种现时般时间接引语中动词保持直接引语原时态果句谓语动词时间接引语中动词时态列变化：
（1） 般现时变般时
（2） 现进行时变进行时
（3） 般时变时
（4） 现完成时变完成时
（5） 般时变完成时
（6） 完成时变完成时
[注意]
（1）果直接引语表示客观真理时变间接引语般现时改般时：
The teacher said The earth goes round the sun
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
（2）果直接引语中明确表示时间状语变间接引语时般时改完成时：
He said to me I was born in 1973
→He told me that he was born in 1973
(3)果直接引语述事实时目前样生效变间接宾语时般现时改般时：
He said I’m a boy not a girl
→He said that he is a boy not a girl
(4)果直接引语中谓语动词表示种反复出现惯动作变间接引时般现时改般时：
The girl said I get up at six every morning
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning
(5)果直接引语中含since when while 引导表示时间状语句变间接引语时改变句中谓语动词句般时变：
He said to me I have taught English since he came here
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here
(6)果直接引语中含情态动词 must need had better情态动词式could might should would变间接引语时情态动词没时态改变例：
The teacher said to me You must pay more attention to your pronunciation
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation
He said I could swim when I was only six
→He said that he could swim when he was only six
6代词等般应作相应变化
指示代词 this that
these those
表示时间词 now then
today that day
this week(month etc) that week (month etc)
yesterday the day before
last week(month) the week(month) before
three days(a year)agothree days(a year)before
tomorrow the next (following ) day
next week(month)the next(following)week(month)
表点词 here there
动词 bring take
come –go
直接引语变间接引语法讲解
定义：直接引语：直接引原话原话前加引号
例：He said It is too late
间接引语：话转述话数宾语句形式构成
例：He said it was too late
直接引语间接引语相互转化时应注意问题
第：称变化
语第称直接引语变间接引语时称做相应调整
例：
直接引语 She said I am hungry
间接引语 She said she was hungry
直接引语 Mum said to me You must clean your bedroom by yourself
间接引语 Mum told me that I had to clean my bedroom by myself
第二：时态变化
直接引语变间接引语时间接引语时态句时态致规律图
注意：
1直接引语客观真理时间接引语时态变般现时
例：Teacher told us The moon moves round the earth
Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth
2直接引语般时具体时间状语连时间接引语般时
例：She said I went to England in 1998
She said she went to England in 1998
3句般现时般时时候间接引语时态变
He says I bought you a book yesterday
He says that he bought me a book yesterday
第三：指示代词时间状语点状语动词变化
第四：句式变化
1陈述句变间接引语时that连接
：She said I am a girl
She said that she was a girl (that省略)
2般疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句变间接引语时陈述语气加连词ifwhether
例：She asked me Are you Mr Li
She asked me if I was Mr Li
She asked us Do you want to go on a picnic
She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic
3特殊疑问句变间接引语特殊疑问词引导
例：How much have we spent on petrol this year Susan asked her husband
Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year
4祈句变间接引语改二变三加四
改：said (to) 改askedtold ordered等
二变：said to 宾语呼语变asked等宾语
三加：动词原形前加to成动词定式
四：掉please
例：He said to her Don＇t take the book away
He asked her not take the book away
5感叹句变间接引语
What awful weather it is she said
She complained about the awful weather
What a bright girl you are He said to me
He praised me that I was a bright girl
直接引语变间接引语练题
练题
I 列句子变间接引语
1 You should be more careful next time his father said to him
2 Mr Wang said I will leave for Shanghai on business next month children
3 I haven’t heard from my parents these days said Mary
4 The geography teacher said to us The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round
the sun
5 She said to him It’s time that you left here
6 Zhang Hong said to me Doctor Wang passed away in 1948
7 John said to his parents I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term
8 The history teacher said to them The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st 1921
9 He said Are you a student
10 Have you anything interesting I can read George she said
11 She’s here to ask for help isn’t she he asked
12 Where are you going the father asked his son
13 Are you sorry for what you have done the mother asked the naughty boy
14 She said Did you meet this man at the station two hours ago Mr Li
15 Write your names on your papers first the teacher said to us
16 Please come here again tomorrow her friend said to her
17 Let me pack the parcel for you he said
18 Don’t make so much noise in class boys and girls said the teacher
19 What a lovely day it is
20 Happy New Year to you he said
II 列句子变直接引语
1 I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it
2 She asked whether I would be free the next day or not
3 I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day
4 His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat
5 The stranger asked me what my name was
6 She said that she would finish her work the next day
7 The teacher asked if we could do it
8 The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn
9 My teacher asked whether he was coming
10 The scientist asked me what I was doing
参考答案：
I 列句子变间接引语
1 His father told him that he should be more careful the next time
2 Mr Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month
3 Mary said that she hadn’t heard from her parents those days
4 The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round
the sun
5 She told him that it was time that he left there
6 Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948
7 John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term
8 The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st 1921
9 He asked whether I was a student
10 She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read
11 He asked whether she was there to ask for help or not
12 The father asked his son where he was going
13 The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done
14 She asked Mr Li whether he had met that man at the station two hours before
15 The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first
16 Her friend asked her to go there again the next following day
7 He offered to pack the parcel for me
18 The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class
19 He She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day
20 He wished me a Happy New Year
I 列句子变直接引语
1 I said to him I have lost my money I will find it
2 She asked You will be free tomorrow won’t you
3 I asked her Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow
4 His father said Don’t climb this high tree in your new coat
5 The stranger asked What’s your name
6 I’ll finish my work tomorrow she said
7 The teacher asked Can you do it
8 The commander ordered his men Don’t cross the river before dawn
9 My teacher asked Is he coming
10 The scientist asked me What are you doing
直接引语变间接引语练题
二 直接引语变间接引语空词：
1 I never eat meat he said
He said that ______ never ______ meat
2 I’ve found my wallet he said to me
He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet
3 I took it home with me she said
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her
4 The teacher said The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west
5 I met her yesterday he said to me
He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______
6 You must come here before five he said
He said that I ______ to go ______ before five
7 I bought the house 10 years ago he said
He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______
8 Did you see her last week he said
He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______
9 He said You can sit here Jim
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there
10 He asked How did you find it mother
He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it
11 Where have you been these days he asked
He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days
12 Do you know where she lives he asked
He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______
13 Stop making so much noise children he said
He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise
14 Don’t tell him the news she said
She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news
15 Are you intested in this he said
He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______
参考答案
1 he ate 2 told had found his
3 she had taken 4 rise goes
5 told had before 6 had there
7 had before 8 asked if [whether] before
9 told could 10 how she had
11 where I had those 12 if [whether] I lived
13 told to stop 14 not to tell
15 asked if [whether] that
三 请列直接引语改间接引语
1 I＇m glad to receive your email said he
________________________________________________
2 He said to me Are you going home this weekend
________________________________________________
3 How do you like the food here said she
________________________________________________
4 She said to me Don＇t ride in the street
________________________________________________
5 Stand where you are the police said to the young man
________________________________________________
II 请列空白处填适词语句意变
1． She said Are you from the south
She asked ________ I ________ from the south
2 Mom said to me Don＇t tell a lie
Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie
3． Susan said to me We visited the Red Star Farm last week
Susan told me that ________ ________ ________ the Red Star
Farm ________ ________ ________
4． Mr Paul said to us Light travels faster than sound
Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound
5． Go and post the letters the manager said to him
The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters
参考答案： I 1 He said that he was glad to receive my email 2 He asked me if I was going home that weekend 3 She asked how I liked the food there 4 She told me not to ride in the street 5 The police ordered the young man to stand where he was
II 1 if whether was 2 told not to 3 they had visited the week before 4 told travels 5 told to go
四 直接引语变间接引语练题
1．He said I’ve left my book in my room
2．She said He will be busy
3．She said to Tom Can you help me
4．She asked Is this book yours or his
5．The teacher asked how did you repair it
6．The teacher said to the students Don’t waste your time
7．The mother said Tom get up early please
8．The teacher said The earth goes round the sun
9．My father said Practice makes perfect
10．The boy said to us I usually get up at six every day
11．He said We are still students’
12．He said to me I was born in 1978
13．The engineer said I was at college in 1967
14．He said I have studied English since I was a boy
15．She said I read the book while I was waiting for a bus
16．Mr Green said to them Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job
17．He said We insisted that she start immediately
18．She said He demanded that the girl leave at once
19．I said to him I have finished it
20．She said to us I’ll come here tomorrow
21．Where does your chemistry teacher live Karen the young man asked
22．I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition the little boy said happily
23．Light travels faster than sound the physics teacher said to the boys and girls
24．Will you go to the concert with me this evening Mary asked me
25．What did you do here yesterday the old man asked my brother
Key
1． He told me that he had left his book in his room
2． She said that he would be busy
3． She asked Tom if whether he could help her
4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his
5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it
6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time
7． The mother asked Tom to get up early
8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
9． My father said practice makes perfect
10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day
11． He said they are still students
12． He told me that he was born in 1978
13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967
14． He said he had studied English since he was a boy
15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus
16． Mr Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job
17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately
18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once
19． I told him I had finished it
20． She told us she would come here tomorrow
21． The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived
22． The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition
23． The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound
24． Mary asked me if whether I would go to the concert with her that evening
25． The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before
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