高中英语语法直接引语间接引语
引述某话般采两种形式：种直接引语（Direct Speech）原封动引原话放引号种间接引语（Indirect Speech）话加转述转述容放引号
直接引语变间接引语
A． 陈述句间接引语
直接引语陈述句变间接引语时数情况构成that引导宾语句引述动词通常say tell等时间接引语中称时态方面相应变化
The foreigner aid to me I like Beijing very much老外告诉：喜欢北京
→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much 老外告诉说（）喜欢北京
She saidWe are very fond of sports 说：喜欢体育运动
→ She said that they were very fond of sports 说（）喜欢体运动
I＇ll go over the grammar lesson once againhe said 说：语法课复遍
→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again 说语法课复遍（that省略）
B． 疑问句间接引语
1．般疑问句反意疑问句
般疑问句改间接引语时陈述语序加连词if whether
句动词常ask wonder wantto know didn＇t know等句末问号
My teacher asked me Do you like American country music 老师问：喜欢美国乡村音乐？
→ My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music 老师问否喜欢美国乡村音乐
You haven＇t been to Beijing have you asked he 问：没北？
→ He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing 问否北京
2．否定般疑问句选择问句
果直接引语否定般问句选择疑问句时whetheror 连接
She said Don＇t you know my telephone number 说：难道知道电话号码？
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not 问知道电话号码
Do you like this one or that one Tom asked 汤姆问：喜欢？
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one 汤姆问喜欢
3．特殊疑问句
间接引语特殊疑问句时间接引语前然特殊疑问词作连词引导宾语句注意句必须陈述语序句谓语动词常ask
He asked How do you like it 问：觉样？
→ He asked me how I liked it 问觉样
She asked me What＇s the matter with you 问：啦？
→ She asked me what was the matter with me 问啦
How many books do you have she asked 问：少书？
→ She asked me how many books I had 问少
4
英语中疑问句非提出疑问表示请求劝告建议等种疑问句变间接引语时采形式
①．suggest doing
Shall we all go to the film tonight said Michael 迈克尔说：晚电影？
→ Michael suggested going to the film tonight 迈克尔建议晚电影
What about having a drink he asked 问：喝杯样？
He suggested having a drink 建议喝杯
②．advise sb to do
Why don＇t you go hiking asked James 詹姆士问：什徒步旅行？
James advised me to go hiking 詹姆士建议徒步旅行
③ offer to do
He said Would you like me to post the letter 说：寄信？
He offered to ost the letter 动提出寄信
④．ask sb to do
Will you please bring your reference book here tomorrow she said to me 说：劳驾明天参考书带？
→ She asked me to take my reference book there the next day 第二天参考书带
C． 祈句间接引语
1．直接引语祈句时间接引语复合宾表示结构语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词定式）引述动词根口气选tell ask order command request等词句中please掉
She said to me Please have a rest 说：请休息
→ She asked me to have a rest 求休息
Don＇t all answer at once she said to the pupils 学生说：家齐声回答→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once 学生齐声回答
2．带let祈句（表示请求建议命令）suggest + ing形式suggest +that句表示相应意思
Let＇s go for a walk said the girl 姑娘说散散步吧
→ The girl suggested going for a walk 女孩建议散散步
The teacher sai Let Lily tidy the classroom 老师说：莉莉整理教室
→ The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom 老师建议莉莉整理教室
D． 感叹句间接引语
1．直接引语感叹句变间接引语时采宾语句结构whathow引导that引导
What a clever boy you aremy teacher said to him 老师说聪明孩子啊
→ My teacher told him what a clever boy he was 老师说聪明孩子啊
→ My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy 老师说非常聪明孩子
He said How well you look 说：起气色啊
→ He said how well I looked 说起气色啊
→ He said that I ooked very well 说起气色
2．感叹句根原句意思采适动词变陈述句需间接宾语转述
Help he cried 喊：救命啊
→ He called for help 声呼救
What terrible weather it ishe said 说：糟糕天气
→ He complained about the terrible weather 抱怨糟糕天气
Happy Chrismas he said 说：圣诞快乐
He wished me a happy Christmas 祝圣诞快乐
二 间接引语中词语变化
直接引语变间接引语时间接引语中动词时态称代词物代词指示代词时间点状语谓语词序作相应变化
A． 时态变化
1．时态变化
①现时间推移时间
直接引语中时态
般现时
现完成时
现进行时
现完成进行时
间接引语中时态
般时
完成时
进行时
完成进行时
The old man said I have lived in this street since 1960
→The old man said that he had lived in that street since 1960 老说196年起住条街
He said Is it raining
→ He asked if it was raining 问正雨
②时间推移
直接引语中时态
般时
完成时
进行时
间接引语中时态
完成时
完成时（变）
完成进行时变
She said to me I wrote a letter to my parents three days ago
→She told me that she had written a letter to her parents three days before告诉三天前已母亲写封信
What were you doing at seven pm yesterday he asked
→ He asked me what I was doing at seven pm the day before 问前天晚七点干什
③时间推移时间
直接引语中时态
般时
isamare going to do
isamare to do
间接引语中时态
时
waswere going to do
waswere to do
He said We shall get ready by eight o＇clock
→He said that they ould get ready by eight o＇clock 说8点前准备
We are to meet at the school gate she said to me
→ Sh told me that they were to meet at the school gate 告诉约定校门口见面
④间接引语中保持原时态变
列情况间接引语中谓语动词时态保持变
a 句现时时间接引语时态保持变
He thinks She will be back in a month
→ He thinks she will be back in a month 想月回
He says I have accepted her invitation
He says he has accepted her invitation 说已接受邀请
较：
间接引语中谓语动词时态
Sarah said to meI have two brothers 莎莎说：两弟弟
Sarah told me that she has two brothers 莎莎告诉说两弟弟（说话认情况真实）
Sarah told me that she had two brothers 莎拉告诉说两弟弟（说话者没什握）
b 间接引语表示现惯动作科学真理客观事实格言等
The geography teacher said to the students The earth moves round the sun
→ Th geography teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun 老师告诉学生球围绕太阳转
He said Every dog has his day
→ He said that every dog has his day 说皆出头日
c 间接引语中动词表示动作说话时进行状态然存时态保持变
He saidThe window is brokn
→ He said that the window is broken说玻璃窗碎
Just now Brown said My son is ill today
→ Brown told me just now that his son is ill today 布朗刚告诉说子天病
d 间接引语中明确时间状语般时必改完成时
The girl said Iwas born in 1978
→ The girl said that she was born in 1978女孩说生1978年
She said My teacher was busy yesterday
→ She said that her teacher was busy yesterday 说老师昨天忙
2．情态动词变化
情态动词间接引语中改式must表示必推测禁止等意思时变表示必须时变had to would have to
The senior said All men must die
→ The senior said that all men must die 老者说总死
She said I must go to see the doctor tomorrow afternoon
→ She saidshe mustwould have to go to see the doctor the next afternoon 说第二天午定医生
He said to me We used to go there every year
→ He toldme that they used to come here every year 说年里（used to间接引语中变）
B． 代词变化
1．称代词变化
①句语第称时引语中称代词变
I said You did quite well in the exam yesterday
→ I said that you had done quite well in the exam the day before说天考错
②直接引语中语第称时改间接引语时称句中语称致
He said to Tom I＇ll do my best to catch up with others
→ He told Tom that he would do his best to catch up with others 告诉汤姆赶
③直接引语中语第二称时改间接引语时称句宾语相致
He said to her Where did you put the glasses
→ He asked her where she had put the glasses 问杯子放
提示：
果句中宾语应根语境想象添适宾语果直接引语中呼语改间接引语宾语
Mother asked Where have you been
→ Moher asked me where I had been 母亲问
Why are you late again John the teacher asked
→ The teacher asked John why he was late again 老师问约翰什迟
④直接引语中语第三称时改间接引语时发生变化
He said to Tom She can help them
→ He told Tom that she could help them 告诉汤姆够帮助
2．物代词变化
You should not overlook your fault Mum said to me
→ Mum told me that I should not overlook my fault 妈妈说应该忽略缺点
The two boys said We have lost ur dog
→ The two boys said they had lost their dog 两男孩说狗丢
3．指示代词变化
直接引语中指示代词
this
these
间接引语中指示代词
that
those
She said This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived
→ She said that that wa the house in which Lu Xun had once lived 说鲁迅住房子
I bought these flowers for you Jane said
Jane said that she had bought those flowers for me 简说花买
I grow these tomatoes myself he said
→ He aid that he grew those tomatoes himself 说胡萝卜种
C． 时间点状语变化
1．时间状语变化
He said I spoke to them yesterday
→ He said that h had spoken to them the day before 说前天讲话
The student saidWe have learned about 3000 English words so far
→ The student said that they had learned about 3000 English words by then 学生说时止已学会3000英语单词
2．点状语变化
直接引语变间引语时点状语here通常变there果说话点引述点然
here
Come here please he said
→ He asked me to come here 里（引述点变）
→ He asked me to go there 里（引述点发生变化）
Here she burst out into a flood of tears he said to me
→ He told me that she had burst out into a flood of tears there 告诉说谈方放声哭起
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
引述某话般采两种形式：种直接引语（Direct Speech）原封动引原话放引号种间接引语（Indirect Speech）话加转述转述容放引号
直接引语变间接引语
A． 陈述句间接引语
直接引语陈述句变间接引语时数情况构成that引导宾语句引述动词通常say tell等时间接引语中称时态方面相应变化
The foreigner aid to me I like Beijing very much老外告诉：喜欢北京
→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much 老外告诉说（）喜欢北京
She saidWe are very fond of sports 说：喜欢体育运动
→ She said that they were very fond of sports 说（）喜欢体运动
I＇ll go over the grammar lesson once againhe said 说：语法课复遍
→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again 说语法课复遍（that省略）
B． 疑问句间接引语
1．般疑问句反意疑问句
般疑问句改间接引语时陈述语序加连词if whether
句动词常ask wonder wantto know didn＇t know等句末问号
My teacher asked me Do you like American country music 老师问：喜欢美国乡村音乐？
→ My teacher asked me ifwhether I liked American country music 老师问否喜欢美国乡村音乐
You haven＇t been to Beijing have you asked he 问：没北？
→ He asked me ifwhether I had been to Beijing 问否北京
2．否定般疑问句选择问句
果直接引语否定般问句选择疑问句时whetheror 连接
She said Don＇t you know my telephone number 说：难道知道电话号码？
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not 问知道电话号码
Do you like this one or that one Tom asked 汤姆问：喜欢？
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one 汤姆问喜欢
3．特殊疑问句
间接引语特殊疑问句时间接引语前然特殊疑问词作连词引导宾语句注意句必须陈述语序句谓语动词常ask
He asked How do you like it 问：觉样？
→ He asked me how I liked it 问觉样
She asked me What＇s the matter with you 问：啦？
→ She asked me what was the matter with me 问啦
How many books do you have she asked 问：少书？
→ She asked me how many books I had 问少
4
英语中疑问句非提出疑问表示请求劝告建议等种疑问句变间接引语时采形式
①．suggest doing
Shall we all go to the film tonight said Michael 迈克尔说：晚电影？
→ Michael suggested going to the film tonight 迈克尔建议晚电影
What about having a drink he asked 问：喝杯样？
He suggested having a drink 建议喝杯
②．advise sb to do
Why don＇t you go hiking asked James 詹姆士问：什徒步旅行？
James advised me to go hiking 詹姆士建议徒步旅行
③ offer to do
He said Would you like me to post the letter 说：寄信？
He offered to ost the letter 动提出寄信
④．ask sb to do
Will you please bring your reference book here tomorrow she said to me 说：劳驾明天参考书带？
→ She asked me to take my reference book there the next day 第二天参考书带
C． 祈句间接引语
1．直接引语祈句时间接引语复合宾表示结构语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（动词定式）引述动词根口气选tell ask order command request等词句中please掉
She said to me Please have a rest 说：请休息
→ She asked me to have a rest 求休息
Don＇t all answer at once she said to the pupils 学生说：家齐声回答→ She told the pupils not to answer all at once 学生齐声回答
2．带let祈句（表示请求建议命令）suggest + ing形式suggest +that句表示相应意思
Let＇s go for a walk said the girl 姑娘说散散步吧
→ The girl suggested going for a walk 女孩建议散散步
The teacher sai Let Lily tidy the classroom 老师说：莉莉整理教室
→ The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom 老师建议莉莉整理教室
D． 感叹句间接引语
1．直接引语感叹句变间接引语时采宾语句结构whathow引导that引导
What a clever boy you aremy teacher said to him 老师说聪明孩子啊
→ My teacher told him what a clever boy he was 老师说聪明孩子啊
→ My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy 老师说非常聪明孩子
He said How well you look 说：起气色啊
→ He said how well I looked 说起气色啊
→ He said that I ooked very well 说起气色
2．感叹句根原句意思采适动词变陈述句需间接宾语转述
Help he cried 喊：救命啊
→ He called for help 声呼救
What terrible weather it ishe said 说：糟糕天气
→ He complained about the terrible weather 抱怨糟糕天气
Happy Chrismas he said 说：圣诞快乐
He wished me a happy Christmas 祝圣诞快乐
二 间接引语中词语变化
直接引语变间接引语时间接引语中动词时态称代词物代词指示代词时间点状语谓语词序作相应变化
A． 时态变化
1．时态变化
①现时间推移时间
直接引语中时态
般现时
现完成时
现进行时
现完成进行时
间接引语中时态
般时
完成时
进行时
完成进行时
The old man said I have lived in this street since 1960
→The old man said that he had lived in that street since 1960 老说196年起住条街
He said Is it raining
→ He asked if it was raining 问正雨
②时间推移
直接引语中时态
般时
完成时
进行时
间接引语中时态
完成时
完成时（变）
完成进行时变
She said to me I wrote a letter to my parents three days ago
→She told me that she had written a letter to her parents three days before告诉三天前已母亲写封信
What were you doing at seven pm yesterday he asked
→ He asked me what I was doing at seven pm the day before 问前天晚七点干什
③时间推移时间
直接引语中时态
般时
isamare going to do
isamare to do
间接引语中时态
时
waswere going to do
waswere to do
He said We shall get ready by eight o＇clock
→He said that they ould get ready by eight o＇clock 说8点前准备
We are to meet at the school gate she said to me
→ Sh told me that they were to meet at the school gate 告诉约定校门口见面
④间接引语中保持原时态变
列情况间接引语中谓语动词时态保持变
a 句现时时间接引语时态保持变
He thinks She will be back in a month
→ He thinks she will be back in a month 想月回
He says I have accepted her invitation
He says he has accepted her invitation 说已接受邀请
较：
间接引语中谓语动词时态
Sarah said to meI have two brothers 莎莎说：两弟弟
Sarah told me that she has two brothers 莎莎告诉说两弟弟（说话认情况真实）
Sarah told me that she had two brothers 莎拉告诉说两弟弟（说话者没什握）
b 间接引语表示现惯动作科学真理客观事实格言等
The geography teacher said to the students The earth moves round the sun
→ Th geography teacher told the students that the earth moves round the sun 老师告诉学生球围绕太阳转
He said Every dog has his day
→ He said that every dog has his day 说皆出头日
c 间接引语中动词表示动作说话时进行状态然存时态保持变
He saidThe window is brokn
→ He said that the window is broken说玻璃窗碎
Just now Brown said My son is ill today
→ Brown told me just now that his son is ill today 布朗刚告诉说子天病
d 间接引语中明确时间状语般时必改完成时
The girl said Iwas born in 1978
→ The girl said that she was born in 1978女孩说生1978年
She said My teacher was busy yesterday
→ She said that her teacher was busy yesterday 说老师昨天忙
2．情态动词变化
情态动词间接引语中改式must表示必推测禁止等意思时变表示必须时变had to would have to
The senior said All men must die
→ The senior said that all men must die 老者说总死
She said I must go to see the doctor tomorrow afternoon
→ She saidshe mustwould have to go to see the doctor the next afternoon 说第二天午定医生
He said to me We used to go there every year
→ He toldme that they used to come here every year 说年里（used to间接引语中变）
B． 代词变化
1．称代词变化
①句语第称时引语中称代词变
I said You did quite well in the exam yesterday
→ I said that you had done quite well in the exam the day before说天考错
②直接引语中语第称时改间接引语时称句中语称致
He said to Tom I＇ll do my best to catch up with others
→ He told Tom that he would do his best to catch up with others 告诉汤姆赶
③直接引语中语第二称时改间接引语时称句宾语相致
He said to her Where did you put the glasses
→ He asked her where she had put the glasses 问杯子放
提示：
果句中宾语应根语境想象添适宾语果直接引语中呼语改间接引语宾语
Mother asked Where have you been
→ Moher asked me where I had been 母亲问
Why are you late again John the teacher asked
→ The teacher asked John why he was late again 老师问约翰什迟
④直接引语中语第三称时改间接引语时发生变化
He said to Tom She can help them
→ He told Tom that she could help them 告诉汤姆够帮助
2．物代词变化
You should not overlook your fault Mum said to me
→ Mum told me that I should not overlook my fault 妈妈说应该忽略缺点
The two boys said We have lost ur dog
→ The two boys said they had lost their dog 两男孩说狗丢
3．指示代词变化
直接引语中指示代词
this
these
间接引语中指示代词
that
those
She said This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived
→ She said that that wa the house in which Lu Xun had once lived 说鲁迅住房子
I bought these flowers for you Jane said
Jane said that she had bought those flowers for me 简说花买
I grow these tomatoes myself he said
→ He aid that he grew those tomatoes himself 说胡萝卜种
C． 时间点状语变化
1．时间状语变化
He said I spoke to them yesterday
→ He said that h had spoken to them the day before 说前天讲话
The student saidWe have learned about 3000 English words so far
→ The student said that they had learned about 3000 English words by then 学生说时止已学会3000英语单词
2．点状语变化
直接引语变间引语时点状语here通常变there果说话点引述点然
here
Come here please he said
→ He asked me to come here 里（引述点变）
→ He asked me to go there 里（引述点发生变化）
Here she burst out into a flood of tears he said to me
→ He told me that she had burst out into a flood of tears there 告诉说谈方放声哭起
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档