2020年海市高三生物复知识点
组成细胞原子分子
1细胞中含量6种元素CHONPCa（98）
2组成生物体基元素：C元素（碳原子间价键构成碳链碳链生物构成生物分子基骨架称机物碳骨架）
3缺乏必需元素导致疾病：克山病（缺硒）
4生物界非生物界统性差异性
统性：组成生物体化学元素机然界找没种元素生物界特
差异性：组成生物体化学元素生物体然界中含量相差
二细胞中机化合物：水机盐
1水：（1）含量：占细胞总重量6090活细胞中含量物质
（2）形式：水结合水
l水：游离形式存流动水作①良溶剂②参细胞生化反应③物质运输④维持细胞形态⑤体温调节
（代谢旺盛细胞中水含量般较）
l结合水：物质相结合水作组成细胞结构重成分
（结合水含量增植物抗逆性增强）
2机盐
（1）存形式：离子
（2）作
①蛋白质等物质结合成复杂化合物
（Mg2+构成叶绿素成分Fe2+构成血红蛋白成分I构成甲状腺激素成分
②参细胞种生命活动（钙离子浓度低肌肉抽搐高肌肉乏力）
第二节 细胞中生物分子
糖类
1元素组成：CHO3种元素组成
2分类
概 念
种 类
分 布
功
单糖
水解糖
核糖
动植物细胞
组成核酸物质
脱氧核糖
葡萄糖
细胞重源物质
二糖
水解够生成二分子单糖糖
蔗糖
植物细胞
麦芽糖
乳糖
动物细胞
糖
水解够生成许单糖分子糖
淀粉
植物细胞
植物细胞中储物质
纤维素
植物细胞壁基组成成分
糖原
动物细胞
动物细胞中储物质
附：二糖糖水解产物：
蔗糖→1葡萄糖+1果糖麦芽糖→2葡萄糖乳糖→1葡萄糖+ 1半乳糖
淀粉→麦芽糖→葡萄糖纤维素→纤维二糖→葡萄糖w糖原→葡萄糖
3功：糖类生物体维持生命活动量源
（：参细胞识细胞间物质运输免疫功调节等生命活动）
4．糖鉴定：
(1)淀粉遇碘液变蓝色淀粉特颜色反应
(2)原性糖(单糖麦芽糖乳糖)斐林试剂隔水加热条件够生成砖红色沉淀
斐林试剂：配制：01gmLNaOH溶液（2mL）+005gmL CuSO4溶液（45滴）
：混合现配现高考资源网
二脂质
1元素组成：CHO组成（CH例高糖类）含NP
2分类：脂肪类脂（磷脂）固醇（胆固醇性激素维生素D等）
3．功：
脂肪：细胞代谢需量储存形式
类脂中磷脂：构成生物膜重物质
固醇：细胞营养调节代谢中具重作
4脂肪鉴定：脂肪苏丹Ⅲ染液染成橘黄色
（实验中50酒精洗浮色→显微镜观察→橘黄色脂肪颗粒）
三蛋白质
1元素组成：CHON外数蛋白质含S
2基组成单位：氨基酸（组成蛋白质氨基酸约20种）
氨基酸结构通式：：
氨基酸判断： ①时氨基羧基
②少氨基羧基连碳原子
（组成蛋白质20种氨基酸区：R基）
3．形成：许氨基酸分子通脱水缩合形成肽键（CONH）相连成肽链条肽链盘曲折叠形成功蛋白质
二肽：2氨基酸分子组成肽链
肽：n（n≥3）氨基酸分子肽键相连形成肽链
蛋白质结构样性原：组成蛋白质肽链氨基酸种类数目排列序
构成蛋白质肽链数目空间结构
4．计算：
蛋白质分子中肽键数（脱水分子数）＝氨基酸数 － 肽链条数
蛋白质分子中少含氨基数（羧基数）肽链条数
5．功：生命活动承担者（注意关蛋白质功举例）
2020年中考英语书面表达万模板万模板09 日记
日记常记述天中发生重趣事情叙述天触景发感受等日记体裁通常记叙文简单议文
2 写作攻略
英文日记通常书端正文两部分组成书端专门记载写日记日期天气状况正文格式文章相般缩进4字母顶格写日记写事件发生事情日记通常般时日记记叙亲身历抒发感想般第称
写日记时候般遵循步骤：
第步：介绍事件：
第二步：具体阐述事情补充细节
第三步：表达感想总结该事件意义
写日记注意点：
1 日记第行写清日期星期天气状况日期星期写正文左角月份星期缩写天气状况写正文右角果游记写明点
2 日记通常时记录发生事件议抒情描述景物生动般现时
3 日记正文叙事描写说明议等形式通常第称
4 日记然记录事件应该适加感悟写出亮点
2018年四川成市例：
假图中女孩家4月29日度周日请根图中示写篇英文日记讲述天见做事
注意：1日记应包含图中信息
2日记中须写出天感受
3日记应格式正确语句通句式样
4词数100左右
参考词汇城堡castle螃蟹crab
答案Sunny Sunday
April 29(th)
Today I had a good time with my parents on the beach It was so fine that I could see the rising sun and flying sea birds a boat sailed itself in the distance What a beautiful scene Dressed in swimming suit I swam in the blue and clear sea Then I played volleyball with my parents Finally I managed to make a sand castle with tools It looked so true to life that a crab even wanted to live in it
What a pleasant day I not only got close to nature but also shared happiness with my family
写作模板
Day of the weekDate Weather
Today is ___________ I did some meaningful things ___________
In the morning I ___________（事件） In the afternoon I ___________（事件二） After that I ___________（事件三）
What a warm and meaningful dayI willnever forget the memorable day Although I was very tiredI felt very happy because___________
模板范文
SundayMay 10thFine
Today isMother＇s DayI did some meaningful thingstoshow my love to my mother
In the morningI bought my mother some flowers with my pocket moneyIn the afternoonIwent shopping and then cookeda delicious dinner for my familyAfter thatIgave mother thecard made by myself and said Happy Mother＇s Dayto herI toldher I would study hard and never let her downHearing thismymother was moved to tears
What a warm and meaningful day I willnever forgetthe memorable day
亮点词汇搭配
1 表示天气
fine adj晴朗 cloudy adj云
snowy adj雪 rainy adj 雨
windy adj风 hail n冰雹
2 抒发感想
moved adj感动 enjoy oneself 玩高兴
memorable adj值纪念 meaningful adj意义
worry about 担忧 delicious adj美味
3
finish v完成 classmate n学
voluntary adj志愿义务 although conj然
典句子背诵：
开头句
1 It was a finenice day 天气晴朗
2 Today is 天……
3 I went to the park to 公园……
4We decided to go out for a picnic today
决定天出野餐
5My classmates and I went to the park to do somevoluntary work
班学公园做义务劳动
中间句
1First we were divided into three groups and then beganworking
首先分成三组然开始工作
2The task for Group Two was collecting the litter andcleaning benches
第二组学收集垃圾清理长凳
3Group Three wiped all the equipment in the park
第三组学擦洗公园里设施
结尾句
1 I had a good time today I enjoyed myself today
天玩高兴
2 I will never forget it 永远会忘记件事
3What a warm and meaningful day
温馨富意义天
4I will never forget the memorable day
永远会忘记难忘天
5Although everyone was very tiredwe felt very happybecause we had done a meaningful job
然家累开心做件意义工作
（）
2018年浙江宁波市中考年5月11日校组织次社会实践活动部分学生选择红星农场（见导图）余学生选择科技博物馆（见导图二）请根选择实践活动写篇英语日记记录天历感受
导图导图二
注意：(1)日记必须包括选择导图点适发挥
(2)文中出现真实名校名
(3)词数：80 100日记格式首句出计入总词数
Friday May 11th
Today I had a school trip___
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
满分作文
Friday May 11th
Today I had a school trip The weather was fine My classmates and I set off to Hongxing Farm by bus early in the morning
The minute we arrived we took a walk around the farm Then we fed the chickens When I threw some food to them they ran over to me with excitement and some of them even walked into their friends The most exciting thing was that we picked strawberries after lunch While we were picking we ate a lot How sweet they were
I had a wonderful time today I do hope to go there again in the near future
(98 words)
满分作文二
Friday May 11th
Today I had a school trip The weather was fine My classmates and I set off to the Science Museum by subway at 7 00
As soon as we reached the museum we were amazed to see lots of pictures about science Then we watched a video about different inventions and their inventors It＇s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way In the afternoon we played chess with some special robots It was surprising to find that nobody could beat them Before leaving we bought some gifts for our friends
I had a wonderful time today I do hope to go there again
（99 words）
体
（二）
2018年湖北省孝感周端午节校外教Tony中国文化感兴趣陪槐荫公园观龙舟赛请根提示写篇日记
写作点：
1现场情况拥挤16支龙舟队竞争激烈欢呼队员闭队合作终勇气队获胜
2赛活动：Tony介绍端午节午带参加关端午节活动……
3感想：Tony…………
写作求：
1短文容必须包括点语句通条理清晰
2省略号处须作适发挥(12句)
3100词左右短文开头已出计入总词数
June 18th
Today is the Dragon Boat Festival_____
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
满分作文
Today is the Dragon Boat Festival For the reason that Tony has a strong interest in Chinese traditional culture I invited him to come to watch the dragon boat races which was held in Huaiyin Park this morning When we arrived it was crowded There were 16 colorful dragon boats floating in the river During the race the dragon boat teams competed with each other while people on each bank cheered up Both Tony and I felt the exciting atmosphere At last the Courage Team won
After the competition I introduced the Dragon Boat Festival to Tony and welcomed him to many other activities about the festival We went to learn how to make zongzi and admire a picture exhibition
At the end of the day tired as we were we felt excited Tony though our traditional Chinese culture was so amazing and I am proud of my great motherland
写作亮点：文结构紧凑语言简练点齐全文中invite sbto do during the race compete with cheere up at last both…and… at the end of the day be proud of等词汇恰文意连接紧密文采丰富句型：运there be句型定语句宾语句时间状语句等复合句增加信息容量文章增色少篇错范文
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组成细胞原子分子
1细胞中含量6种元素CHONPCa（98）
2组成生物体基元素：C元素（碳原子间价键构成碳链碳链生物构成生物分子基骨架称机物碳骨架）
3缺乏必需元素导致疾病：克山病（缺硒）
4生物界非生物界统性差异性
统性：组成生物体化学元素机然界找没种元素生物界特
差异性：组成生物体化学元素生物体然界中含量相差
二细胞中机化合物：水机盐
1水：（1）含量：占细胞总重量6090活细胞中含量物质
（2）形式：水结合水
l水：游离形式存流动水作①良溶剂②参细胞生化反应③物质运输④维持细胞形态⑤体温调节
（代谢旺盛细胞中水含量般较）
l结合水：物质相结合水作组成细胞结构重成分
（结合水含量增植物抗逆性增强）
2机盐
（1）存形式：离子
（2）作
①蛋白质等物质结合成复杂化合物
（Mg2+构成叶绿素成分Fe2+构成血红蛋白成分I构成甲状腺激素成分
②参细胞种生命活动（钙离子浓度低肌肉抽搐高肌肉乏力）
第二节 细胞中生物分子
糖类
1元素组成：CHO3种元素组成
2分类
概 念
种 类
分 布
功
单糖
水解糖
核糖
动植物细胞
组成核酸物质
脱氧核糖
葡萄糖
细胞重源物质
二糖
水解够生成二分子单糖糖
蔗糖
植物细胞
麦芽糖
乳糖
动物细胞
糖
水解够生成许单糖分子糖
淀粉
植物细胞
植物细胞中储物质
纤维素
植物细胞壁基组成成分
糖原
动物细胞
动物细胞中储物质
附：二糖糖水解产物：
蔗糖→1葡萄糖+1果糖麦芽糖→2葡萄糖乳糖→1葡萄糖+ 1半乳糖
淀粉→麦芽糖→葡萄糖纤维素→纤维二糖→葡萄糖w糖原→葡萄糖
3功：糖类生物体维持生命活动量源
（：参细胞识细胞间物质运输免疫功调节等生命活动）
4．糖鉴定：
(1)淀粉遇碘液变蓝色淀粉特颜色反应
(2)原性糖(单糖麦芽糖乳糖)斐林试剂隔水加热条件够生成砖红色沉淀
斐林试剂：配制：01gmLNaOH溶液（2mL）+005gmL CuSO4溶液（45滴）
：混合现配现高考资源网
二脂质
1元素组成：CHO组成（CH例高糖类）含NP
2分类：脂肪类脂（磷脂）固醇（胆固醇性激素维生素D等）
3．功：
脂肪：细胞代谢需量储存形式
类脂中磷脂：构成生物膜重物质
固醇：细胞营养调节代谢中具重作
4脂肪鉴定：脂肪苏丹Ⅲ染液染成橘黄色
（实验中50酒精洗浮色→显微镜观察→橘黄色脂肪颗粒）
三蛋白质
1元素组成：CHON外数蛋白质含S
2基组成单位：氨基酸（组成蛋白质氨基酸约20种）
氨基酸结构通式：：
氨基酸判断： ①时氨基羧基
②少氨基羧基连碳原子
（组成蛋白质20种氨基酸区：R基）
3．形成：许氨基酸分子通脱水缩合形成肽键（CONH）相连成肽链条肽链盘曲折叠形成功蛋白质
二肽：2氨基酸分子组成肽链
肽：n（n≥3）氨基酸分子肽键相连形成肽链
蛋白质结构样性原：组成蛋白质肽链氨基酸种类数目排列序
构成蛋白质肽链数目空间结构
4．计算：
蛋白质分子中肽键数（脱水分子数）＝氨基酸数 － 肽链条数
蛋白质分子中少含氨基数（羧基数）肽链条数
5．功：生命活动承担者（注意关蛋白质功举例）
2020年中考英语书面表达万模板万模板09 日记
日记常记述天中发生重趣事情叙述天触景发感受等日记体裁通常记叙文简单议文
2 写作攻略
英文日记通常书端正文两部分组成书端专门记载写日记日期天气状况正文格式文章相般缩进4字母顶格写日记写事件发生事情日记通常般时日记记叙亲身历抒发感想般第称
写日记时候般遵循步骤：
第步：介绍事件：
第二步：具体阐述事情补充细节
第三步：表达感想总结该事件意义
写日记注意点：
1 日记第行写清日期星期天气状况日期星期写正文左角月份星期缩写天气状况写正文右角果游记写明点
2 日记通常时记录发生事件议抒情描述景物生动般现时
3 日记正文叙事描写说明议等形式通常第称
4 日记然记录事件应该适加感悟写出亮点
2018年四川成市例：
假图中女孩家4月29日度周日请根图中示写篇英文日记讲述天见做事
注意：1日记应包含图中信息
2日记中须写出天感受
3日记应格式正确语句通句式样
4词数100左右
参考词汇城堡castle螃蟹crab
答案Sunny Sunday
April 29(th)
Today I had a good time with my parents on the beach It was so fine that I could see the rising sun and flying sea birds a boat sailed itself in the distance What a beautiful scene Dressed in swimming suit I swam in the blue and clear sea Then I played volleyball with my parents Finally I managed to make a sand castle with tools It looked so true to life that a crab even wanted to live in it
What a pleasant day I not only got close to nature but also shared happiness with my family
写作模板
Day of the weekDate Weather
Today is ___________ I did some meaningful things ___________
In the morning I ___________（事件） In the afternoon I ___________（事件二） After that I ___________（事件三）
What a warm and meaningful dayI willnever forget the memorable day Although I was very tiredI felt very happy because___________
模板范文
SundayMay 10thFine
Today isMother＇s DayI did some meaningful thingstoshow my love to my mother
In the morningI bought my mother some flowers with my pocket moneyIn the afternoonIwent shopping and then cookeda delicious dinner for my familyAfter thatIgave mother thecard made by myself and said Happy Mother＇s Dayto herI toldher I would study hard and never let her downHearing thismymother was moved to tears
What a warm and meaningful day I willnever forgetthe memorable day
亮点词汇搭配
1 表示天气
fine adj晴朗 cloudy adj云
snowy adj雪 rainy adj 雨
windy adj风 hail n冰雹
2 抒发感想
moved adj感动 enjoy oneself 玩高兴
memorable adj值纪念 meaningful adj意义
worry about 担忧 delicious adj美味
3
finish v完成 classmate n学
voluntary adj志愿义务 although conj然
典句子背诵：
开头句
1 It was a finenice day 天气晴朗
2 Today is 天……
3 I went to the park to 公园……
4We decided to go out for a picnic today
决定天出野餐
5My classmates and I went to the park to do somevoluntary work
班学公园做义务劳动
中间句
1First we were divided into three groups and then beganworking
首先分成三组然开始工作
2The task for Group Two was collecting the litter andcleaning benches
第二组学收集垃圾清理长凳
3Group Three wiped all the equipment in the park
第三组学擦洗公园里设施
结尾句
1 I had a good time today I enjoyed myself today
天玩高兴
2 I will never forget it 永远会忘记件事
3What a warm and meaningful day
温馨富意义天
4I will never forget the memorable day
永远会忘记难忘天
5Although everyone was very tiredwe felt very happybecause we had done a meaningful job
然家累开心做件意义工作
（）
2018年浙江宁波市中考年5月11日校组织次社会实践活动部分学生选择红星农场（见导图）余学生选择科技博物馆（见导图二）请根选择实践活动写篇英语日记记录天历感受
导图导图二
注意：(1)日记必须包括选择导图点适发挥
(2)文中出现真实名校名
(3)词数：80 100日记格式首句出计入总词数
Friday May 11th
Today I had a school trip___
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
满分作文
Friday May 11th
Today I had a school trip The weather was fine My classmates and I set off to Hongxing Farm by bus early in the morning
The minute we arrived we took a walk around the farm Then we fed the chickens When I threw some food to them they ran over to me with excitement and some of them even walked into their friends The most exciting thing was that we picked strawberries after lunch While we were picking we ate a lot How sweet they were
I had a wonderful time today I do hope to go there again in the near future
(98 words)
满分作文二
Friday May 11th
Today I had a school trip The weather was fine My classmates and I set off to the Science Museum by subway at 7 00
As soon as we reached the museum we were amazed to see lots of pictures about science Then we watched a video about different inventions and their inventors It＇s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way In the afternoon we played chess with some special robots It was surprising to find that nobody could beat them Before leaving we bought some gifts for our friends
I had a wonderful time today I do hope to go there again
（99 words）
体
（二）
2018年湖北省孝感周端午节校外教Tony中国文化感兴趣陪槐荫公园观龙舟赛请根提示写篇日记
写作点：
1现场情况拥挤16支龙舟队竞争激烈欢呼队员闭队合作终勇气队获胜
2赛活动：Tony介绍端午节午带参加关端午节活动……
3感想：Tony…………
写作求：
1短文容必须包括点语句通条理清晰
2省略号处须作适发挥(12句)
3100词左右短文开头已出计入总词数
June 18th
Today is the Dragon Boat Festival_____
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满分作文
Today is the Dragon Boat Festival For the reason that Tony has a strong interest in Chinese traditional culture I invited him to come to watch the dragon boat races which was held in Huaiyin Park this morning When we arrived it was crowded There were 16 colorful dragon boats floating in the river During the race the dragon boat teams competed with each other while people on each bank cheered up Both Tony and I felt the exciting atmosphere At last the Courage Team won
After the competition I introduced the Dragon Boat Festival to Tony and welcomed him to many other activities about the festival We went to learn how to make zongzi and admire a picture exhibition
At the end of the day tired as we were we felt excited Tony though our traditional Chinese culture was so amazing and I am proud of my great motherland
写作亮点：文结构紧凑语言简练点齐全文中invite sbto do during the race compete with cheere up at last both…and… at the end of the day be proud of等词汇恰文意连接紧密文采丰富句型：运there be句型定语句宾语句时间状语句等复合句增加信息容量文章增色少篇错范文
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