（14）Unit 3 Fit for life
阅读理解
1 We are the products of evolution and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago As scientists look deeper into our genes (基) they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes Cattleraising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults
On Thursday in an article published in Cell a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food but to the ocean A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers The Bajau as these people are known number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia Malaysia and the Philippines They have traditionally lived on houseboats in recent times they＇ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters They are simply a stranger to the land said Rodney C Jubilado a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau
Dr Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines They made a living as divers spearfishing or harvesting shellfish We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders Dr Jubilado said I could see them actually walking under the sea
In 2015 Melissa Ilardo then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen heard about the Bajau She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population said Dr Ilardo She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive
1What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 1
AEnvironmental adaptation of cattle raisers BNew knowledge of human evolution
CRecent findings of human origin DSignificance of food selection
2Where do the Bajau build their houses
AIn valleys BNear rivers COn the beach DOff the coast
3Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
AThey could walk on stilts all day BThey had a superb way of fishing
CThey could stay long underwater DThey lived on both land and water
4What can be a suitable title for the text
ABodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea BHighlanders＇ Survival Skills
CBasic Methods of Genetic Research DThe World＇s Best Divers
2 Tom Macdonald would describe himself as pretty relaxed — unless he sees the doctor Then suddenly his blood pressure(血压) rises
I was a truck driver and I would be under pressure all day dealing with traffic and long journeys to make sure we were on time said Tom But I never got worried about work Yet medical settings made me very nervous
This wasn＇t a problem until last year when Tom developed an umbilical hernia (疝气) His doctor told him although it was not serious if left untreated a hernia can cause bad results However Tom＇s situation created problems When I had my blood pressure taken in hospital the doctor told me that I wouldn＇t be able to have the surgery because it was so high
Surgery for patients with high blood pressure can be risky But when Tom＇s blood pressure was taken later the top number fell to below 140 high but not high enough to prevent surgery Soon afterwards my doctor told me that I suffered from white coat syndrome(综合征) He explained it was seeing a doctor or being in a hospital that caused my blood pressure to rise even if it is usually normal
The main difficulty with white coat syndrome is that it only happens in a medical setting which means you can＇t really treat it says Professor Peter Sever You can＇t send a patient away with medicine because once he gets home and takes it his blood pressure is going to fall through the floor The good news is that many people do gain control over the syndrome knowledge can make a difference For some people if they know they have it they do seem to be able to take some control over it and it can improve says Professor Sever
Many hospitals now have methods of solving the problem of white coat syndrome They include the Will Adams NHS Treatment Centre in Gillingham Kent where Tom finally had his hernia repaired earlier this year
1What caused Tom to get worried
ATraffic jams BLong journeys CMedical settings DHeavy work
2What prevented Tom having the surgery at first
AHis white coat syndrome BHis doubt about his doctor
CThe seriousness of his hernia DThe fall of his blood pressure
3What＇s the best way to deal with white coat syndrome
ATaking some medicine BAvoiding going to hospitals
CGetting treatment at home DFully knowing the syndrome
4What can we know about the result of Tom＇s treatment
AIt＇s creative BIt＇s satisfying CIt＇s unexpected DIt＇s disappointing
3 We have a sweet teeth That makes sense All animals need sugar to live It＇s the fuel that powers our cells So it＇s not surprising that we＇re born to want the sweet stuff
Sugar stores energy like a battery After a meal your body breaks down foods It uses some sugar for energy right away The rest gets stored for the body to break down later It＇s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy That＇s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel When you eat other kinds of foods like vegetables it takes longer for your body to break the sugars down
These days it＇s easy to find sweet snacks Sodas candies cakes and even foods that seem healthy such as yogurt can be packed with sugar Food makers add sugar because they know that to humans sweet makes everything taste better Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day That＇s more than what is good for us
Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache It can make people overweight decay the teeth and even cause diabetes However experts aren＇t worried about naturally sweet foods — the problem is added sugar So go ahead and enjoy a sweet apple or even a sugarrich carrot that is also full of vitamins and other good stuff
Even cake is great once in a while as long as you don＇t overeat it After all no one wants life to be dull And your body needs its fuel
1Why may people be tricked into eating too much sugar
ABecause no one wants life to be boring
BBecause we＇re born to want the sweet stuff
CBecause socalled healthy food can be packed with sugar
DBecause sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the Earth
2What does the author want to stress in Para 4
AWe＇d better say no to sweet foods
BExperts are worried about added sugar
CEating too much sugar is bad for our health
DWe＇d better consume sugar from natural sources
3What can be a suitable title for the text
ABe Smart about Sugar BSugar Brings Happiness
CWhy Does Sugar Taste So Good DWhy Does Sugar Make Us Fat
4 As early as 2005 there were a number of new stories about dog cloning and cat cloning Animal cloning had been old news for nearly a decade by then with the revolutionary(革命性) cloning of Dolly the sheep in Scotland
However Snuppy was the first pet a dog to be cloned Since the cloning of Snuppy there has been some very successful cloning of pets and other animals Lou Hawthorne started BioArts while cloning his beloved mixedbreed dog Missy Hawthorne was very pleased with the results of the cloning producing three successful clones that were very alike to the original in character and behaviour In January 2009 a Florida couple Ed and Nina Otto announced that they had paid to have their dog cloned by BioArts
All new technology is overpriced For example personal computers were not very affordable at first Only after the producing process was improved was it possible for every family to have a computer How much room there will be for organizations to reduce the price point on pet cloning without broad demand is of course questionable
There are many great dogs and cats that can be found at the local pound(收容) or are given away for free to good homes in classified ads(分类广告) However there is no limit to the value people place on a beloved pet The Ottos are a good example of that If people can buy a dog or cat with predictable behaviour and characteristics there is value in that There is a predictable market here though it may always be limited in size
While pet cloning has not taken off as some hoped it＇s clear that it will become a bigger market in the future and it will be increasingly possible for people to try this out With the inevitable(避免) success that cloned pet owners will have the practice will become more widely accepted and it seems inevitable that there is a future for cloned dogs and cats
1What is the main idea of this passage
AThe brief introduction of pet cloning BThe behaviour of cloned animals
CThe cases of pet cloning DThe history of pet cloning
2What can be inferred from the passage
APet cloning will be accepted by everyone
BNew technology of pet cloning will be invented
CHuman cloning may one day become a reality
DThe price of pet cloning may not be cheap
3Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the third paragraph
ACheap BWonderful CExpensive DVarious
4What does the author think of the market of pet cloning
ANegative BUnclear CIndifferent DOptimistic
二七选五
5 If you are fighting anxiety in your life here are some tips on dealing with depression naturally
♦Try therapy ①__________ There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that Professional help will always be better The main reason is that an expert therapist is capable of dealing with the condition
♦Eat healthy foods The best way to fight your stress hormones (荷尔蒙) is eating foods that are healthy to help boost your mood ②__________ The right types of foods can help you feel better and happier
♦Fix your sleeping schedules Sleeping on time may not cure your depression at once but it＇s one brick in the wall ③__________ If your routine does not allow you to have 8 hours of sleep every night it means that your brain is not getting enough rest Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression Depression in turn causes insomnia(失眠) In short it is a poisonous cycle that needs to be broken
♦④__________ Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutes ⑤__________ You are able to get fresh air which can distract you from your daily stress Going out for a walk is a good workout for your body The blood circulation improves and your organs and muscles get enough oxygen
A Go out for a walk
B There are a few benefits
C This is a scientifically proven fact
D Dress up and be sure to have fun outdoors
E Your depression can start with lack of sleep
F This isn＇t the only way to deal with anxiety
G The first thing any person with depression should do is seek help
三完形填空
6 North Carolina mom Hannah Jarvis is thanking a kind stranger The stranger saved her 7monthold daughter Calli from 1 while her family was eating dinner at Golden Corral According to Hannah＇s post a quickthinking woman named Debra acted fast when she saw Calli choking on a bite of potatoes
I immediately 2 my daughter out of her high chair and started pounding (反复击) on her 3 but I wasn＇t doing it right and so I started to 4 Hannah told POPSUGAR My mother started to do the same holding her upside down hitting her back but 5 At that time we were all in a panic Then Debra 6 and did the Heimlich manoeuvre properly
If anyone knows who Debra Rouse is this lady is a 7 If it weren＇t for this lady my daughter probably would have been wheeled away in an ambulance today Hannah wrote on the social media My family and I can＇t thank you 8 for helping My daughter has been seen to the ER and is perfectly 9 now I will never forget the tears that were shed today at Golden Corral as this heroine 10 Most importantly thank you for hearing our 11 cries for Calli this afternoon
Thanks to the power of social media the post eventually 12 it onto Debra＇s screen and she left a sweet reply in the comments section Good evening Mrs Hannah I saw the news article and I messaged you my number I＇m 13 that Calli is doing well Love you all and take care
Hannah and Debra have been keeping speaking with each other regularly 14 then Hannah said We actually met up in Asheville the day after the incident I＇m just so thankful for Debra being 15 to us that day
1Adrowning Bchoking Cfalling Dhurting
2Apushed Bdrove Cnoticed Dpulled
3Aback Bhead Cstomach Dshoulder
4Awhisper Bdream Claugh Dpanic
5Ain charge Bin comfort Cin vain Din disaster
6Aappeared Bspoke Cwoke Dagreed
7Aheroine Bdoctor Cmodel Dwaitress
8Amuch Benough Ctoo Dover
9Aadaptable Boutgoing Cconfident Dhealthy
10Astepped in Blooked on Cshowed off Dgot around
11Aproper Bgentle Cdesperate Dthoughtful
12Acaught Bgot Cdeserved Dmade
13Adelighted Bconfused Csurprised Dnervous
14Athough Bsince Cafter Dbefore
15Aintroduced Bleft Csent Demployed
四语法填空
7 The skin is ① essential part of your body and is its largest organ You have three layers of skin ② functions are very complex it warns you when things are too hot or cold and ③(give) you your sense of touch You can get burnt by ④(variety) things Giving first aid is the first and most important step in the treatment of burns
Burns ⑤(divide) into three types depending ⑥ the depth of skin damage Different degrees of burns have different ⑦(characteristic) When giving first aid in the treatment of burns you can remove clothing ⑧(use) scissors if necessary unless the fabric is stuck to the burnt skin Place bums under cool running water ⑨(particular) within the first ten minutes Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth If burns are on the face make sure the victim can still breathe If the victim is suffering from second or thirddegree burns it is urgent ⑩(take) himher to the hospital at once
五写作
8视青少年中已成越越普遍现象请结合面点提示写篇英语短文分析种现象出现原提出建议
视原
眼惯健康
电视电脑视力影响
建议
养成良眼惯
远离电子屏幕避免眼度
注意
1词数80左右
2文章开头已出计入总词数
Nowadays a number of students are wearing glasses
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9阅读面材料根容段落开头语续写两段构成篇完整短文
Lungs nearly burst I struggled to lift my head out of the water Inch by inch my tired body reached the end of the pool
The extent of my swimming career was purely recreational while the competitive swimmers nearby thought nothing of the seemingly simple task of a 500meter swim test Pushing myself to finish what I had started I could only think why not take the easy way out
Earlier that week I had turned in my first job application at a local pool Overqualified I was hired on the spot However the tasks were boring helping confused visitors and measuring the height of children before they went down the slide (滑梯) I was capable of more
So a swim test was required establishing the mere fact that I was not completely useless in a pool Midway the manager administering the test remarked This looks really easy for you Why aren＇t you applying to become a guard
The thought didn＇t cross my mind
Well lifeguarding demands more responsibility strength and respect Thus the position pays 2 more per hour Your swimming skills are strong enough All you need to do is complete the certification
Inside I was unsure of myself but his words inspired me—You never know what you are capable of until you force yourself to do it
Soon I passed the swim test All left was to practice and learn first aid CPR (心肺复苏) and procedures for different landbased and waterbased emergencies
Work started soon A wellintentioned yet anxious feeling in me soon passed Days weeks and months went by without incident emergencies were rare The skills and training I had so carefully studied and acquired seemed unnecessary
Today appeared to be another uneventful day However shortly after the other guards signaled to the children to exit the pool I noticed one boy was still in the middle while the others had climbed up
注意续写词数应150左右
Paragraph 1
Something must have gone wrong with him I thought to myself
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Having the boy on the floor I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
1答案：14BDCA
解析：1推理判断题根第段中We are the products of evolution and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago As scientists look deeper into our genes they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years知作者列举第段例子告诉关类进化新信息类千年进化B项符合说法选B项
2细节理解题根第二段中The巴瑶族as these people are known number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia Malaysia and the Philippines They have traditionally lived on houseboats in recent times they＇ve also built houses on stilts in coastal waters知巴瑶族房子建海区域D项符合说法选D项
3细节理解题根第三段中We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders知Jubilado感吃惊巴瑶族水更长时间C项符合说法选C项
4标题判断题根文章容尤第二段中On Thursday in an article published in Cell a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food but to the ocean知文讲述巴瑶族更适应海生活身体结构发生变化A项适合作文标题选A项
2答案：14CADB
解析：1考查细节理解根第二段中But I never got worried about work Yet medical settings made me very nervous知Tom感焦虑医疗环境选C
2考查推理判断根第三段中Tom＇s situation created problems I wouldn＇t be able to have the surgery because it was so high＇知Tom手术血压太高结合第四段中＇Soon afterwards my doctor told me that I suffered from white coat syndrome(综合征) He explained it was seeing a doctor or being in a hospital that caused my blood pressure to rise even if it is usually normal＇知Tom血压高白褂综合征推断出造成手术原白褂综合征选A
3考查细节理解根倒数第二段中The good news is that many people do gain control over the syndrome knowledge can make a difference ＇For some people if they know they have it they do seem to be able to take some control over it and it can improve＇ says Professor Sever知解种病控制病情处理种综合征方法充分解选D
4考查推理判断根段中They include the Will Adams NHS Treatment Centre in Gillingham Kent where Tom finally had his hernia repaired earlier this year知Tom疝气终治推知Tom治疗情况令满意选B
3答案：13CDA
解析：1考查细节理解第三段中These days it＇s easy to find sweet snackscan be packed with sugar知现容易找甜零食汽水糖果蛋糕甚起健康食物酸奶添加糖C项正确
2考查推理判断第四段中However experts aren＇t worried about naturally sweet foods—the problem is added sugar and other good stuff知专家含天然糖分食物担心——问题添加糖作者鼓励食含天然糖分食物D项正确
3考查旨意通读全文知文介绍糖身体必需食含天然糖分食物食含添加糖谓健康食物围绕着理性含糖食物展开A项正确
4答案：14 ADCD
解析：1旨意题根第段中As early as 2005 there were a number of new stories about dog cloning and cat cloning文章容围绕宠物克隆展开介绍知 文章中心思想介绍宠物克隆技术选A
2推理判断题根第三段中How much room there will be for organizations to reduce the price point on pet cloning without broad demand is of course questionable知 没广泛需求情况 机构空间降低宠物克隆价格值怀疑推知 宠物克隆价格便宜 选D
3词义猜测题第三段第二句For example personal computers were not very affordable at first讲初太负担起电脑 知电脑开始便宜推测处表示新技术贵 画线单词意昂贵 选C
4推理判断题根段中While pet cloning has not taken off as some hoped it＇s clear that it will become a bigger market in the future and it will be increasingly possible for people to try this out知 作者认宠物克隆未成更市场 越越试种技术 作者宠物克隆市场持乐观态度 选D
5答案：GCEAB
解析：日常生活中难免会感抑郁掌握然应抑郁方法非常必
①根第二段旨句Try therapy空There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that知处讲寻求帮助选G
②空前讲抗压力荷尔蒙方法吃健康改善情绪食物空讲健康食物积极作C项科学证明事实符合语境
③旨句知段讲睡眠问题文中Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression知E项抑郁睡眠足开始符合语境文相呼应选E
④根空Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutesGoing out for a walk is a good workout for your body知段建议出散步选A
⑤根空讲散步处知B项引出文选B
6答案：15BDADC 610AABDA 1115CDABC
解析：1文中Debra acted fast when she saw Calli choking on a bite of potatoes知Calli食物噎住选B
2时女孩正坐高椅子食物卡住喉咙妈妈椅子拉反复击背选D
3参见题解析文中My mother started to do the same holding her upside down hitting her back提示
4根语境知Hannah方法Hannah开始惊慌起文中At that time we were all in a panic提示
5文知种拍背部方法Hannah母亲样做时结果肯定徒劳关键词but表明样做徒劳in vain
6时Debra出现(appeared)正确利Heimlich manoeuvre救Calli
7文Hannah描述知Debra出现女十分危险Hannah认Debra女英雄(heroine)文中as this heroine 10 提示
8句意知Hannah家Debra感激can＇t thank sb enough意思某感激
9Cali已护送急诊室现非常健康(healthy)
10结合文描述知家知措种方法济事时Debra援手step in援手介入干预插手
11处描述时家知措绝哭喊情形desperate拼命绝
12文Debra回复推断出亏社交媒体力量终Debra屏幕帖子make it成功做成某事
13处Debra回复高兴知Calli现状况良
14时起HannahDebra彼常交谈B项符合题意
15Hannah非常感谢Debra送身边救女
7答案：an whose gives various are divided onupon characteristics using particularly to take
解析：文介绍针烧伤急救处理办法
①考查冠词语境知处表示单数含义essential发音元音音素开头填an
②考查定语句分析句子结构知空处引导定语句定语句中作定语修饰functions填whose
③考查时态谓致处表示客观事实语it填gives
④考查词形转换根语境空things知处应填形容词形式various相a variety of意种样
⑤考查动词时态语态根语境知处表示分应动语态处描述客观事实般现时动语态
⑥考查介词depend onupon意取决固定搭配
⑦考查名词复数处characteristic作名词讲意特征特点品质数名词空前different知处应该名词复数形式
⑧考查非谓语动词分析句子结构知语youuse间逻辑谓关系动词ing形式作方式状语
⑨考查副词分析句子结构知处应该副词作状语
⑩考查非谓语动词it is +形容词+to do sth意做某事……填to take
8答案：
Nowadays a number of students are wearing glasses The reasons are as follows Firstly it is the bad reading habits that lead to the result Besides they are addicted to computer games and TV programs which has a bad effect on their eyes
To tackle this problem it＇s advisable to form a good habit in our daily life by keeping a good sitting posture when we＇re writing What＇s more spend less time sitting in front of the screen of the computer and the television to avoid overuse of our eyes
In my opinion good eyesight is necessary for a good life So please protect your eyes
9答案：
Paragraph 1
Something must have gone wrong with him I thought to myself Sure enough with a closer look I found the boy waving his hands desperately I quickly dived into the water swimming towards the boy at full speed By the time I reached him he had sunk to the bottom of the pool which filled my heart with fright and concern I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside keeping his head above the water
Paragraph 2
Having the boy on the floor I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn＇t breathing Every second counted Without hesitation I did first aid performing CPR as trained Other guards watching anxiously I carried on sweating Suddenly a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely Seeing the boy regain consciousness those around broke into cheers Exhausted I sighed with relief I thought had I accepted that easy position I would have been nothing but a bystander I＇m happy I didn＇t take the easy way out
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阅读理解
1 We are the products of evolution and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago As scientists look deeper into our genes (基) they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes Cattleraising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults
On Thursday in an article published in Cell a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food but to the ocean A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers The Bajau as these people are known number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia Malaysia and the Philippines They have traditionally lived on houseboats in recent times they＇ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters They are simply a stranger to the land said Rodney C Jubilado a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau
Dr Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines They made a living as divers spearfishing or harvesting shellfish We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders Dr Jubilado said I could see them actually walking under the sea
In 2015 Melissa Ilardo then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen heard about the Bajau She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population said Dr Ilardo She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive
1What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 1
AEnvironmental adaptation of cattle raisers BNew knowledge of human evolution
CRecent findings of human origin DSignificance of food selection
2Where do the Bajau build their houses
AIn valleys BNear rivers COn the beach DOff the coast
3Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
AThey could walk on stilts all day BThey had a superb way of fishing
CThey could stay long underwater DThey lived on both land and water
4What can be a suitable title for the text
ABodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea BHighlanders＇ Survival Skills
CBasic Methods of Genetic Research DThe World＇s Best Divers
2 Tom Macdonald would describe himself as pretty relaxed — unless he sees the doctor Then suddenly his blood pressure(血压) rises
I was a truck driver and I would be under pressure all day dealing with traffic and long journeys to make sure we were on time said Tom But I never got worried about work Yet medical settings made me very nervous
This wasn＇t a problem until last year when Tom developed an umbilical hernia (疝气) His doctor told him although it was not serious if left untreated a hernia can cause bad results However Tom＇s situation created problems When I had my blood pressure taken in hospital the doctor told me that I wouldn＇t be able to have the surgery because it was so high
Surgery for patients with high blood pressure can be risky But when Tom＇s blood pressure was taken later the top number fell to below 140 high but not high enough to prevent surgery Soon afterwards my doctor told me that I suffered from white coat syndrome(综合征) He explained it was seeing a doctor or being in a hospital that caused my blood pressure to rise even if it is usually normal
The main difficulty with white coat syndrome is that it only happens in a medical setting which means you can＇t really treat it says Professor Peter Sever You can＇t send a patient away with medicine because once he gets home and takes it his blood pressure is going to fall through the floor The good news is that many people do gain control over the syndrome knowledge can make a difference For some people if they know they have it they do seem to be able to take some control over it and it can improve says Professor Sever
Many hospitals now have methods of solving the problem of white coat syndrome They include the Will Adams NHS Treatment Centre in Gillingham Kent where Tom finally had his hernia repaired earlier this year
1What caused Tom to get worried
ATraffic jams BLong journeys CMedical settings DHeavy work
2What prevented Tom having the surgery at first
AHis white coat syndrome BHis doubt about his doctor
CThe seriousness of his hernia DThe fall of his blood pressure
3What＇s the best way to deal with white coat syndrome
ATaking some medicine BAvoiding going to hospitals
CGetting treatment at home DFully knowing the syndrome
4What can we know about the result of Tom＇s treatment
AIt＇s creative BIt＇s satisfying CIt＇s unexpected DIt＇s disappointing
3 We have a sweet teeth That makes sense All animals need sugar to live It＇s the fuel that powers our cells So it＇s not surprising that we＇re born to want the sweet stuff
Sugar stores energy like a battery After a meal your body breaks down foods It uses some sugar for energy right away The rest gets stored for the body to break down later It＇s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy That＇s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel When you eat other kinds of foods like vegetables it takes longer for your body to break the sugars down
These days it＇s easy to find sweet snacks Sodas candies cakes and even foods that seem healthy such as yogurt can be packed with sugar Food makers add sugar because they know that to humans sweet makes everything taste better Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day That＇s more than what is good for us
Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache It can make people overweight decay the teeth and even cause diabetes However experts aren＇t worried about naturally sweet foods — the problem is added sugar So go ahead and enjoy a sweet apple or even a sugarrich carrot that is also full of vitamins and other good stuff
Even cake is great once in a while as long as you don＇t overeat it After all no one wants life to be dull And your body needs its fuel
1Why may people be tricked into eating too much sugar
ABecause no one wants life to be boring
BBecause we＇re born to want the sweet stuff
CBecause socalled healthy food can be packed with sugar
DBecause sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the Earth
2What does the author want to stress in Para 4
AWe＇d better say no to sweet foods
BExperts are worried about added sugar
CEating too much sugar is bad for our health
DWe＇d better consume sugar from natural sources
3What can be a suitable title for the text
ABe Smart about Sugar BSugar Brings Happiness
CWhy Does Sugar Taste So Good DWhy Does Sugar Make Us Fat
4 As early as 2005 there were a number of new stories about dog cloning and cat cloning Animal cloning had been old news for nearly a decade by then with the revolutionary(革命性) cloning of Dolly the sheep in Scotland
However Snuppy was the first pet a dog to be cloned Since the cloning of Snuppy there has been some very successful cloning of pets and other animals Lou Hawthorne started BioArts while cloning his beloved mixedbreed dog Missy Hawthorne was very pleased with the results of the cloning producing three successful clones that were very alike to the original in character and behaviour In January 2009 a Florida couple Ed and Nina Otto announced that they had paid to have their dog cloned by BioArts
All new technology is overpriced For example personal computers were not very affordable at first Only after the producing process was improved was it possible for every family to have a computer How much room there will be for organizations to reduce the price point on pet cloning without broad demand is of course questionable
There are many great dogs and cats that can be found at the local pound(收容) or are given away for free to good homes in classified ads(分类广告) However there is no limit to the value people place on a beloved pet The Ottos are a good example of that If people can buy a dog or cat with predictable behaviour and characteristics there is value in that There is a predictable market here though it may always be limited in size
While pet cloning has not taken off as some hoped it＇s clear that it will become a bigger market in the future and it will be increasingly possible for people to try this out With the inevitable(避免) success that cloned pet owners will have the practice will become more widely accepted and it seems inevitable that there is a future for cloned dogs and cats
1What is the main idea of this passage
AThe brief introduction of pet cloning BThe behaviour of cloned animals
CThe cases of pet cloning DThe history of pet cloning
2What can be inferred from the passage
APet cloning will be accepted by everyone
BNew technology of pet cloning will be invented
CHuman cloning may one day become a reality
DThe price of pet cloning may not be cheap
3Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the third paragraph
ACheap BWonderful CExpensive DVarious
4What does the author think of the market of pet cloning
ANegative BUnclear CIndifferent DOptimistic
二七选五
5 If you are fighting anxiety in your life here are some tips on dealing with depression naturally
♦Try therapy ①__________ There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that Professional help will always be better The main reason is that an expert therapist is capable of dealing with the condition
♦Eat healthy foods The best way to fight your stress hormones (荷尔蒙) is eating foods that are healthy to help boost your mood ②__________ The right types of foods can help you feel better and happier
♦Fix your sleeping schedules Sleeping on time may not cure your depression at once but it＇s one brick in the wall ③__________ If your routine does not allow you to have 8 hours of sleep every night it means that your brain is not getting enough rest Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression Depression in turn causes insomnia(失眠) In short it is a poisonous cycle that needs to be broken
♦④__________ Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutes ⑤__________ You are able to get fresh air which can distract you from your daily stress Going out for a walk is a good workout for your body The blood circulation improves and your organs and muscles get enough oxygen
A Go out for a walk
B There are a few benefits
C This is a scientifically proven fact
D Dress up and be sure to have fun outdoors
E Your depression can start with lack of sleep
F This isn＇t the only way to deal with anxiety
G The first thing any person with depression should do is seek help
三完形填空
6 North Carolina mom Hannah Jarvis is thanking a kind stranger The stranger saved her 7monthold daughter Calli from 1 while her family was eating dinner at Golden Corral According to Hannah＇s post a quickthinking woman named Debra acted fast when she saw Calli choking on a bite of potatoes
I immediately 2 my daughter out of her high chair and started pounding (反复击) on her 3 but I wasn＇t doing it right and so I started to 4 Hannah told POPSUGAR My mother started to do the same holding her upside down hitting her back but 5 At that time we were all in a panic Then Debra 6 and did the Heimlich manoeuvre properly
If anyone knows who Debra Rouse is this lady is a 7 If it weren＇t for this lady my daughter probably would have been wheeled away in an ambulance today Hannah wrote on the social media My family and I can＇t thank you 8 for helping My daughter has been seen to the ER and is perfectly 9 now I will never forget the tears that were shed today at Golden Corral as this heroine 10 Most importantly thank you for hearing our 11 cries for Calli this afternoon
Thanks to the power of social media the post eventually 12 it onto Debra＇s screen and she left a sweet reply in the comments section Good evening Mrs Hannah I saw the news article and I messaged you my number I＇m 13 that Calli is doing well Love you all and take care
Hannah and Debra have been keeping speaking with each other regularly 14 then Hannah said We actually met up in Asheville the day after the incident I＇m just so thankful for Debra being 15 to us that day
1Adrowning Bchoking Cfalling Dhurting
2Apushed Bdrove Cnoticed Dpulled
3Aback Bhead Cstomach Dshoulder
4Awhisper Bdream Claugh Dpanic
5Ain charge Bin comfort Cin vain Din disaster
6Aappeared Bspoke Cwoke Dagreed
7Aheroine Bdoctor Cmodel Dwaitress
8Amuch Benough Ctoo Dover
9Aadaptable Boutgoing Cconfident Dhealthy
10Astepped in Blooked on Cshowed off Dgot around
11Aproper Bgentle Cdesperate Dthoughtful
12Acaught Bgot Cdeserved Dmade
13Adelighted Bconfused Csurprised Dnervous
14Athough Bsince Cafter Dbefore
15Aintroduced Bleft Csent Demployed
四语法填空
7 The skin is ① essential part of your body and is its largest organ You have three layers of skin ② functions are very complex it warns you when things are too hot or cold and ③(give) you your sense of touch You can get burnt by ④(variety) things Giving first aid is the first and most important step in the treatment of burns
Burns ⑤(divide) into three types depending ⑥ the depth of skin damage Different degrees of burns have different ⑦(characteristic) When giving first aid in the treatment of burns you can remove clothing ⑧(use) scissors if necessary unless the fabric is stuck to the burnt skin Place bums under cool running water ⑨(particular) within the first ten minutes Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth If burns are on the face make sure the victim can still breathe If the victim is suffering from second or thirddegree burns it is urgent ⑩(take) himher to the hospital at once
五写作
8视青少年中已成越越普遍现象请结合面点提示写篇英语短文分析种现象出现原提出建议
视原
眼惯健康
电视电脑视力影响
建议
养成良眼惯
远离电子屏幕避免眼度
注意
1词数80左右
2文章开头已出计入总词数
Nowadays a number of students are wearing glasses
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9阅读面材料根容段落开头语续写两段构成篇完整短文
Lungs nearly burst I struggled to lift my head out of the water Inch by inch my tired body reached the end of the pool
The extent of my swimming career was purely recreational while the competitive swimmers nearby thought nothing of the seemingly simple task of a 500meter swim test Pushing myself to finish what I had started I could only think why not take the easy way out
Earlier that week I had turned in my first job application at a local pool Overqualified I was hired on the spot However the tasks were boring helping confused visitors and measuring the height of children before they went down the slide (滑梯) I was capable of more
So a swim test was required establishing the mere fact that I was not completely useless in a pool Midway the manager administering the test remarked This looks really easy for you Why aren＇t you applying to become a guard
The thought didn＇t cross my mind
Well lifeguarding demands more responsibility strength and respect Thus the position pays 2 more per hour Your swimming skills are strong enough All you need to do is complete the certification
Inside I was unsure of myself but his words inspired me—You never know what you are capable of until you force yourself to do it
Soon I passed the swim test All left was to practice and learn first aid CPR (心肺复苏) and procedures for different landbased and waterbased emergencies
Work started soon A wellintentioned yet anxious feeling in me soon passed Days weeks and months went by without incident emergencies were rare The skills and training I had so carefully studied and acquired seemed unnecessary
Today appeared to be another uneventful day However shortly after the other guards signaled to the children to exit the pool I noticed one boy was still in the middle while the others had climbed up
注意续写词数应150左右
Paragraph 1
Something must have gone wrong with him I thought to myself
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Having the boy on the floor I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
1答案：14BDCA
解析：1推理判断题根第段中We are the products of evolution and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago As scientists look deeper into our genes they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years知作者列举第段例子告诉关类进化新信息类千年进化B项符合说法选B项
2细节理解题根第二段中The巴瑶族as these people are known number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia Malaysia and the Philippines They have traditionally lived on houseboats in recent times they＇ve also built houses on stilts in coastal waters知巴瑶族房子建海区域D项符合说法选D项
3细节理解题根第三段中We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders知Jubilado感吃惊巴瑶族水更长时间C项符合说法选C项
4标题判断题根文章容尤第二段中On Thursday in an article published in Cell a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food but to the ocean知文讲述巴瑶族更适应海生活身体结构发生变化A项适合作文标题选A项
2答案：14CADB
解析：1考查细节理解根第二段中But I never got worried about work Yet medical settings made me very nervous知Tom感焦虑医疗环境选C
2考查推理判断根第三段中Tom＇s situation created problems I wouldn＇t be able to have the surgery because it was so high＇知Tom手术血压太高结合第四段中＇Soon afterwards my doctor told me that I suffered from white coat syndrome(综合征) He explained it was seeing a doctor or being in a hospital that caused my blood pressure to rise even if it is usually normal＇知Tom血压高白褂综合征推断出造成手术原白褂综合征选A
3考查细节理解根倒数第二段中The good news is that many people do gain control over the syndrome knowledge can make a difference ＇For some people if they know they have it they do seem to be able to take some control over it and it can improve＇ says Professor Sever知解种病控制病情处理种综合征方法充分解选D
4考查推理判断根段中They include the Will Adams NHS Treatment Centre in Gillingham Kent where Tom finally had his hernia repaired earlier this year知Tom疝气终治推知Tom治疗情况令满意选B
3答案：13CDA
解析：1考查细节理解第三段中These days it＇s easy to find sweet snackscan be packed with sugar知现容易找甜零食汽水糖果蛋糕甚起健康食物酸奶添加糖C项正确
2考查推理判断第四段中However experts aren＇t worried about naturally sweet foods—the problem is added sugar and other good stuff知专家含天然糖分食物担心——问题添加糖作者鼓励食含天然糖分食物D项正确
3考查旨意通读全文知文介绍糖身体必需食含天然糖分食物食含添加糖谓健康食物围绕着理性含糖食物展开A项正确
4答案：14 ADCD
解析：1旨意题根第段中As early as 2005 there were a number of new stories about dog cloning and cat cloning文章容围绕宠物克隆展开介绍知 文章中心思想介绍宠物克隆技术选A
2推理判断题根第三段中How much room there will be for organizations to reduce the price point on pet cloning without broad demand is of course questionable知 没广泛需求情况 机构空间降低宠物克隆价格值怀疑推知 宠物克隆价格便宜 选D
3词义猜测题第三段第二句For example personal computers were not very affordable at first讲初太负担起电脑 知电脑开始便宜推测处表示新技术贵 画线单词意昂贵 选C
4推理判断题根段中While pet cloning has not taken off as some hoped it＇s clear that it will become a bigger market in the future and it will be increasingly possible for people to try this out知 作者认宠物克隆未成更市场 越越试种技术 作者宠物克隆市场持乐观态度 选D
5答案：GCEAB
解析：日常生活中难免会感抑郁掌握然应抑郁方法非常必
①根第二段旨句Try therapy空There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that知处讲寻求帮助选G
②空前讲抗压力荷尔蒙方法吃健康改善情绪食物空讲健康食物积极作C项科学证明事实符合语境
③旨句知段讲睡眠问题文中Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression知E项抑郁睡眠足开始符合语境文相呼应选E
④根空Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutesGoing out for a walk is a good workout for your body知段建议出散步选A
⑤根空讲散步处知B项引出文选B
6答案：15BDADC 610AABDA 1115CDABC
解析：1文中Debra acted fast when she saw Calli choking on a bite of potatoes知Calli食物噎住选B
2时女孩正坐高椅子食物卡住喉咙妈妈椅子拉反复击背选D
3参见题解析文中My mother started to do the same holding her upside down hitting her back提示
4根语境知Hannah方法Hannah开始惊慌起文中At that time we were all in a panic提示
5文知种拍背部方法Hannah母亲样做时结果肯定徒劳关键词but表明样做徒劳in vain
6时Debra出现(appeared)正确利Heimlich manoeuvre救Calli
7文Hannah描述知Debra出现女十分危险Hannah认Debra女英雄(heroine)文中as this heroine 10 提示
8句意知Hannah家Debra感激can＇t thank sb enough意思某感激
9Cali已护送急诊室现非常健康(healthy)
10结合文描述知家知措种方法济事时Debra援手step in援手介入干预插手
11处描述时家知措绝哭喊情形desperate拼命绝
12文Debra回复推断出亏社交媒体力量终Debra屏幕帖子make it成功做成某事
13处Debra回复高兴知Calli现状况良
14时起HannahDebra彼常交谈B项符合题意
15Hannah非常感谢Debra送身边救女
7答案：an whose gives various are divided onupon characteristics using particularly to take
解析：文介绍针烧伤急救处理办法
①考查冠词语境知处表示单数含义essential发音元音音素开头填an
②考查定语句分析句子结构知空处引导定语句定语句中作定语修饰functions填whose
③考查时态谓致处表示客观事实语it填gives
④考查词形转换根语境空things知处应填形容词形式various相a variety of意种样
⑤考查动词时态语态根语境知处表示分应动语态处描述客观事实般现时动语态
⑥考查介词depend onupon意取决固定搭配
⑦考查名词复数处characteristic作名词讲意特征特点品质数名词空前different知处应该名词复数形式
⑧考查非谓语动词分析句子结构知语youuse间逻辑谓关系动词ing形式作方式状语
⑨考查副词分析句子结构知处应该副词作状语
⑩考查非谓语动词it is +形容词+to do sth意做某事……填to take
8答案：
Nowadays a number of students are wearing glasses The reasons are as follows Firstly it is the bad reading habits that lead to the result Besides they are addicted to computer games and TV programs which has a bad effect on their eyes
To tackle this problem it＇s advisable to form a good habit in our daily life by keeping a good sitting posture when we＇re writing What＇s more spend less time sitting in front of the screen of the computer and the television to avoid overuse of our eyes
In my opinion good eyesight is necessary for a good life So please protect your eyes
9答案：
Paragraph 1
Something must have gone wrong with him I thought to myself Sure enough with a closer look I found the boy waving his hands desperately I quickly dived into the water swimming towards the boy at full speed By the time I reached him he had sunk to the bottom of the pool which filled my heart with fright and concern I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside keeping his head above the water
Paragraph 2
Having the boy on the floor I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn＇t breathing Every second counted Without hesitation I did first aid performing CPR as trained Other guards watching anxiously I carried on sweating Suddenly a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely Seeing the boy regain consciousness those around broke into cheers Exhausted I sighed with relief I thought had I accepted that easy position I would have been nothing but a bystander I＇m happy I didn＇t take the easy way out
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