英文介绍加
加全球适宜居住国家联合国发表报告加业水均国民生产总值收入教育卫生水等综合指标全球160国家中名列第
优美然环境安全先进生活方式
加位北美洲北半部总面积 997万方公里仅次俄罗斯世界第二国口2900万世界均口密度低国家3占方公里土89土没永久性居民点南部美国邻约5000公里石油矿产木材海产水利资源十分丰富加四季分明西面受太洋季风影响四季宜春季郁金香花争艳夏季阳光明媚秋季枫叶层林染冬季万里雪飘极具风情
加十省两区组成联邦国家民族构成英裔法裔荷兰裔德裔波兰裔华裔官方语言英语法语
加26口超10万市区3口超100万城市中少北美洲安全清洁风光美市中心区加城市严重犯罪率美国城市半更称道种族国际性环境中睦相处政府工业界致力保持空气食品清洁努力维护健康环境
加城市高素质歌剧院乐团舞蹈团美术馆博物馆公图书馆加城市国际著名芭蕾舞团歌剧团交响乐团时常邀请世界国优秀艺术家访演出加政府艺术均补助位世界前列加城市融合欧洲亚洲拉丁美洲非洲种文化例温哥华众亚裔聚居伦融合欧亚文化魁北克北美洲添份英法双语欧洲风味
加气候令预计天气较冷访客诧异全国绝数口聚居离美国边境 250公里区加南部区美国加州北部处纬度加城市气候数美国北部北欧区相似加城镇提供舒适生活设施国际性商业中心相生活费确保持容易负担水
名列世界前茅济科技发展水
加西方七国工业生产动化电气化现代化水世界国中处领先位农业生产专业化商品化现代化程度高加电话微波卫星光纤通讯等方面拥世界先进水航天微电子工业生物技术方面具相水加交通方便拥铁路10万公里公路73万公里900 家航空公司600型机场
理想投资
加贸易强国受良教育劳动力合理生产成加政府政策支持国际士加商业投资环境充满信心
加七工业国中济增长强劲通货膨胀率长期低2生活标准指数名列第三位许未导行业已加济作出显著贡献行业包括：通讯设备激光产品环保技术生物技术制药航天电脑软件等高科技工业
许国际企业正越越加作研究发展中心加世界富裕市场1994年1月1日生效北美贸易协定加企业拟便利充裕原料廉价源低廉商业楼宇先进高效基础设施政府少干预支援中企业技术研究开发计划制定优惠政策加成世界少理想投资
完备教育体系
加提供免费中学教育学教育注重教育学生积极参态度学入学条件简单学生居住年龄分配读学校新移民子弟学校会安排ESL 英语课程学课程根省教育厅指示编排学校学生学成绩学生生活礼仪样重希培养出学生均衡发展加中学教育般 57年需修完30学分学分课110 时取中学毕业证书低年级课程科目相高年级课程较弹性学科目会学校学生顾问协助学生规划未学校组织种社团活动学生方面综合发展加高等教育分社区学院学研究外籍学生新移民通常先修语言课学课程通常35年分般学士荣誉学士两种全加88学200
社区学院学校入学资格学生定学生分学申请没全国性联考硕士课程方面学生入学必须具备相关学科学程度
世羡慕社会福利体系
加高福利国家费联邦政府承担省具体规定社会福利基致包括：
家庭津贴：18岁童父母均享受具体金额视家庭收入高低定
日托津贴：孩父母均工作付日托全费申请日托津贴
失业保险：数加工作受失业保险保障失业领取失业保险金
养 老 金：65岁加居住满10年领取全额养老金
退 休 金：工作期间供纳退休金税士申请退休金
医疗保险：加实施全民保健计划居民享受免费医疗服务
加护通行全球
加全世界够条件开门年接受移民难民超20万中独立技术移民约占8 万左右部分亚洲华移民加已 100年历史目前华占全国口5％华投资包括银行房产酒店百货商场电子通讯电子计算机等华业机会甚佳事高级白领工作越越华语成英语法语第三语言华位越越高
元文化
加实行元文化民族处象澳洲样反亚洲移民较种族歧视伦温哥华等城市华数量已超50万
较发展机会
移民加四年时间中加居住满三年申请入籍成加公民持加护免签证美国澳利亚新西兰英国德国意利利时荷兰奥利西班牙葡萄牙丹麦瑞典芬兰挪威希腊色列沙特香港澳门日台湾新加坡马西亚巴西委瑞拉等百国家区移民加想转入美国发展十分容易
Canada
Canada independent nation (2001 pop 30007094) 3851787 sq mi (9976128 sq km) N North America Canada occupies all of North America N of the United States (and E of Alaska) except for Greenland and the French islands of St Pierre and Miquelon It is bounded on the E by the Atlantic Ocean on the N by the Arctic Ocean and on the W by the Pacific Ocean and Alaska A transcontinental border formed in part by the Great Lakes divides Canada from the United States Nares and Davis straits separate Canada from Greenland The Arctic Archipelago extends far into the Arctic Ocean
Canada is a federation of 10 provinces—Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia New Brunswick Prince Edward Island Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta and British Columbia—and three territories—Nunavut the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory Canada＇s capital is Ottawa and its largest city is Toronto Other important cities include Montreal Vancouver Edmonton Calgary Winnipeg Hamilton and Quebec
Land
Canada has a very long and irregular coastline Hudson Bay and the Gulf of St Lawrence indent the east coast and the Inside Passage extends along the west coast The iceclogged straits between the islands of N Canada form the Northwest Passage During the Ice Age all of Canada was covered by a continental ice sheet that scoured and depressed the land surface leaving a covering of glacial drift depositional landforms and innumerable lakes and rivers Aside from the Great Lakes which are only partly in the country the largest lakes of North America—Great Bear Great Slave and Winnipeg—are entirely in Canada The St Lawrence is the chief river of E Canada The Saskatchewan Nelson Churchill and Mackenzie river systems drain central Canada and the Columbia Fraser and Yukon rivers drain the western part of the country
Canada has a bowlshaped geologic structure rimmed by highlands with Hudson Bay at the lowest point The country has eight major physiographic regions—the Canadian Shield the Hudson Bay Lowlands the Western Cordillera the Interior Lowlands the Great Lakes–St Lawrence Lowlands the Appalachians the Arctic Lowlands and the Innuitians
The exposed portions of the Canadian Shield cover more than half of Canada This oncemountainous region which contains the continent＇s oldest rocks has been worn low by erosion over the millennia Its upturned eastern edge is indented by fjords The Shield is rich in minerals especially iron and nickel and in potential sources of hydroelectric power In the center of the Shield are the Hudson Bay Lowlands encompassing Hudson Bay and the surrounding marshy land
The Western Cordillera a geologically young mountain system parallel to the Pacific coast is composed of a series of northsouth tending ranges and valleys that form the highest and most rugged section of the country Mt Logan (19551 ft5959 m) is the highest point in Canada Part of this region is made up of the Rocky Mts and the Coast Mts which are separated by plateaus and basins The islands off W Canada are partially submerged portions of the Coast Mts The Western Cordillera is also rich in minerals and timber and potential sources of hydroelectric power
Between the Rocky Mts and the Canadian Shield are the Interior Lowlands a vast region filled with sediment from the flanking higher lands The Lowlands are divided into the prairies the plains and the Mackenzie Lowlands The prairies are Canada＇s granary while grazing is important on the plains
The smallest and southernmost region is the Great Lakes–St Lawrence Lowlands Canada＇s heartland Dominated by the St Lawrence River and the Great Lakes the region provides a natural corridor into central Canada and the St Lawrence Seaway gives the interior cities access to the Atlantic This section which is composed of
gently rolling surface on sedimentary rocks is the location of extensive farmlands large industrial centers and most of Canada＇s population In SE Canada and on Newfoundland is the northern end of the Appalachian Mt system an old and geologically complex region with a generally low and rounded relief
The Arctic Lowlands and the Innuitians are the most isolated areas of Canada and are barren and snowcovered for most of the year The Arctic Lowlands comprise much of the Arctic Archipelago and contain sedimentary rocks that may have oilbearing strata In the extreme north mainly on Ellesmere Island is the Innuitian Mt system which rises to c10000 ft (3050 m)
Canada＇s climate is influenced by latitude and topography The Interior Lowlands make it possible for polar air masses to move south and for subtropical air masses to move north into Canada Hudson Bay and the Great Lakes act to modify the climate locally The Western Cordillera serves as a climatic barrier that prevents polar air masses from reaching the Pacific coast and blocks the moist Pacific winds from reaching into the interior The Cordillera has a typical highland climate that varies with altitude the western slopes receive abundant rainfall and the whole region is forested The Interior Lowlands are in the rain shadow of the Cordillera the southern portion has a steppe climate in which grasses predominate S Canada has a temperate climate with snow in the winter (especially in the east) and cool summers Farther to the north extending to the timberline is the humid subarctic climate characterized by short summers and a snow cover for about half the year The huge boreal forest the largest surviving remnant of the extensive forests that once covered much of North America predominates in this region On the Arctic Archipelago and the northern mainland is the tundra with its mosses and lichen permafrost nearyearround snow cover and ice fields A noted phenomenon off the coast of E Canada is the persistence of dense fog which is formed when the warm air over the Gulf Stream passes over the cold Labrador Current as the two currents meet off Newfoundland
People
About 40 of the Canadian population are of British descent while 27 are of French origin Another 20 are of other European background about 10 are of E or SE Asian origin and some 3 are of aboriginal or Métis (mixed aboriginal and European) background In the late 1990s Canada had the highest immigration rate of any country in the world with more than half the total coming from Asia Over 75 of the total population live in cities Canada has complete religious liberty though its growing multiculturalism has at times caused tensions among ethnic and religious groups About 45 of the people are Roman Catholics while some 40 are Protestant (the largest groups being the United Church of Canada Anglicans and Presbyterians) English and French are the official languages and federal documents are published in both languages In 1991 about 61 of Canadians cited English as their mother tongue while 24 cited French
Economy
Since World War II the development of Canada＇s manufacturing mining and service sectors has led to the creation of an affluent society Services now account for 66 of the GDP while industry accounts for 31 Tourism and financial services represent some of Canada＇s most important industries within the service sector However manufacturing is Canada＇s single most important economic activity The leading products are transportation equipment pulp and paper processed foods chemicals primary and fabricated metals petroleum electrical and electronic products wood products printed materials machinery clothing and nonmetallic minerals Industries are centered in Ontario Quebec and to a lesser extent British Columbia and Alberta Canada＇s industries depend on the country＇s rich energy resources which include hydroelectric power petroleum natural gas coal and uranium
Canada is a leading mineral producer although much of its mineral resources are difficult to reach due to permafrost It is the world＇s largest source of nickel zinc and uranium and a major source of lead asbestos gypsum potash tantalum and cobalt Other important mineral resources are petroleum natural gas copper gold iron ore coal silver diamonds molybdenum and sulfur The mineral wealth is located in many areas some of the most productive regions are Sudbury Ont (copper and nickel) Timmins Ont (lead zinc and silver) and Kimberley British Columbia (lead zinc and silver) Petroleum and natural gas are found in Alberta and Saskatchewan
Agriculture employs about 3 of the population and contributes a similar percentage of the GDP The sources of the greatest farm income are livestock and dairy products Among the biggest incomeearning crops are wheat oats barley corn and canola Canada is one of the world＇s leading agricultural exporters especially of wheat Manitoba Saskatchewan and Alberta are the great graingrowing provinces and with Ontario are also the leading sources of beef cattle The main fruitgrowing regions are found in Ontario British Columbia Quebec and Nova Scotia Apples and peaches are the principal fruits grown in Canada More than half of the total land area is forest and Canadian timber production ranks among the highest in the world
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加全球适宜居住国家联合国发表报告加业水均国民生产总值收入教育卫生水等综合指标全球160国家中名列第
优美然环境安全先进生活方式
加位北美洲北半部总面积 997万方公里仅次俄罗斯世界第二国口2900万世界均口密度低国家3占方公里土89土没永久性居民点南部美国邻约5000公里石油矿产木材海产水利资源十分丰富加四季分明西面受太洋季风影响四季宜春季郁金香花争艳夏季阳光明媚秋季枫叶层林染冬季万里雪飘极具风情
加十省两区组成联邦国家民族构成英裔法裔荷兰裔德裔波兰裔华裔官方语言英语法语
加26口超10万市区3口超100万城市中少北美洲安全清洁风光美市中心区加城市严重犯罪率美国城市半更称道种族国际性环境中睦相处政府工业界致力保持空气食品清洁努力维护健康环境
加城市高素质歌剧院乐团舞蹈团美术馆博物馆公图书馆加城市国际著名芭蕾舞团歌剧团交响乐团时常邀请世界国优秀艺术家访演出加政府艺术均补助位世界前列加城市融合欧洲亚洲拉丁美洲非洲种文化例温哥华众亚裔聚居伦融合欧亚文化魁北克北美洲添份英法双语欧洲风味
加气候令预计天气较冷访客诧异全国绝数口聚居离美国边境 250公里区加南部区美国加州北部处纬度加城市气候数美国北部北欧区相似加城镇提供舒适生活设施国际性商业中心相生活费确保持容易负担水
名列世界前茅济科技发展水
加西方七国工业生产动化电气化现代化水世界国中处领先位农业生产专业化商品化现代化程度高加电话微波卫星光纤通讯等方面拥世界先进水航天微电子工业生物技术方面具相水加交通方便拥铁路10万公里公路73万公里900 家航空公司600型机场
理想投资
加贸易强国受良教育劳动力合理生产成加政府政策支持国际士加商业投资环境充满信心
加七工业国中济增长强劲通货膨胀率长期低2生活标准指数名列第三位许未导行业已加济作出显著贡献行业包括：通讯设备激光产品环保技术生物技术制药航天电脑软件等高科技工业
许国际企业正越越加作研究发展中心加世界富裕市场1994年1月1日生效北美贸易协定加企业拟便利充裕原料廉价源低廉商业楼宇先进高效基础设施政府少干预支援中企业技术研究开发计划制定优惠政策加成世界少理想投资
完备教育体系
加提供免费中学教育学教育注重教育学生积极参态度学入学条件简单学生居住年龄分配读学校新移民子弟学校会安排ESL 英语课程学课程根省教育厅指示编排学校学生学成绩学生生活礼仪样重希培养出学生均衡发展加中学教育般 57年需修完30学分学分课110 时取中学毕业证书低年级课程科目相高年级课程较弹性学科目会学校学生顾问协助学生规划未学校组织种社团活动学生方面综合发展加高等教育分社区学院学研究外籍学生新移民通常先修语言课学课程通常35年分般学士荣誉学士两种全加88学200
社区学院学校入学资格学生定学生分学申请没全国性联考硕士课程方面学生入学必须具备相关学科学程度
世羡慕社会福利体系
加高福利国家费联邦政府承担省具体规定社会福利基致包括：
家庭津贴：18岁童父母均享受具体金额视家庭收入高低定
日托津贴：孩父母均工作付日托全费申请日托津贴
失业保险：数加工作受失业保险保障失业领取失业保险金
养 老 金：65岁加居住满10年领取全额养老金
退 休 金：工作期间供纳退休金税士申请退休金
医疗保险：加实施全民保健计划居民享受免费医疗服务
加护通行全球
加全世界够条件开门年接受移民难民超20万中独立技术移民约占8 万左右部分亚洲华移民加已 100年历史目前华占全国口5％华投资包括银行房产酒店百货商场电子通讯电子计算机等华业机会甚佳事高级白领工作越越华语成英语法语第三语言华位越越高
元文化
加实行元文化民族处象澳洲样反亚洲移民较种族歧视伦温哥华等城市华数量已超50万
较发展机会
移民加四年时间中加居住满三年申请入籍成加公民持加护免签证美国澳利亚新西兰英国德国意利利时荷兰奥利西班牙葡萄牙丹麦瑞典芬兰挪威希腊色列沙特香港澳门日台湾新加坡马西亚巴西委瑞拉等百国家区移民加想转入美国发展十分容易
Canada
Canada independent nation (2001 pop 30007094) 3851787 sq mi (9976128 sq km) N North America Canada occupies all of North America N of the United States (and E of Alaska) except for Greenland and the French islands of St Pierre and Miquelon It is bounded on the E by the Atlantic Ocean on the N by the Arctic Ocean and on the W by the Pacific Ocean and Alaska A transcontinental border formed in part by the Great Lakes divides Canada from the United States Nares and Davis straits separate Canada from Greenland The Arctic Archipelago extends far into the Arctic Ocean
Canada is a federation of 10 provinces—Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia New Brunswick Prince Edward Island Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta and British Columbia—and three territories—Nunavut the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory Canada＇s capital is Ottawa and its largest city is Toronto Other important cities include Montreal Vancouver Edmonton Calgary Winnipeg Hamilton and Quebec
Land
Canada has a very long and irregular coastline Hudson Bay and the Gulf of St Lawrence indent the east coast and the Inside Passage extends along the west coast The iceclogged straits between the islands of N Canada form the Northwest Passage During the Ice Age all of Canada was covered by a continental ice sheet that scoured and depressed the land surface leaving a covering of glacial drift depositional landforms and innumerable lakes and rivers Aside from the Great Lakes which are only partly in the country the largest lakes of North America—Great Bear Great Slave and Winnipeg—are entirely in Canada The St Lawrence is the chief river of E Canada The Saskatchewan Nelson Churchill and Mackenzie river systems drain central Canada and the Columbia Fraser and Yukon rivers drain the western part of the country
Canada has a bowlshaped geologic structure rimmed by highlands with Hudson Bay at the lowest point The country has eight major physiographic regions—the Canadian Shield the Hudson Bay Lowlands the Western Cordillera the Interior Lowlands the Great Lakes–St Lawrence Lowlands the Appalachians the Arctic Lowlands and the Innuitians
The exposed portions of the Canadian Shield cover more than half of Canada This oncemountainous region which contains the continent＇s oldest rocks has been worn low by erosion over the millennia Its upturned eastern edge is indented by fjords The Shield is rich in minerals especially iron and nickel and in potential sources of hydroelectric power In the center of the Shield are the Hudson Bay Lowlands encompassing Hudson Bay and the surrounding marshy land
The Western Cordillera a geologically young mountain system parallel to the Pacific coast is composed of a series of northsouth tending ranges and valleys that form the highest and most rugged section of the country Mt Logan (19551 ft5959 m) is the highest point in Canada Part of this region is made up of the Rocky Mts and the Coast Mts which are separated by plateaus and basins The islands off W Canada are partially submerged portions of the Coast Mts The Western Cordillera is also rich in minerals and timber and potential sources of hydroelectric power
Between the Rocky Mts and the Canadian Shield are the Interior Lowlands a vast region filled with sediment from the flanking higher lands The Lowlands are divided into the prairies the plains and the Mackenzie Lowlands The prairies are Canada＇s granary while grazing is important on the plains
The smallest and southernmost region is the Great Lakes–St Lawrence Lowlands Canada＇s heartland Dominated by the St Lawrence River and the Great Lakes the region provides a natural corridor into central Canada and the St Lawrence Seaway gives the interior cities access to the Atlantic This section which is composed of
gently rolling surface on sedimentary rocks is the location of extensive farmlands large industrial centers and most of Canada＇s population In SE Canada and on Newfoundland is the northern end of the Appalachian Mt system an old and geologically complex region with a generally low and rounded relief
The Arctic Lowlands and the Innuitians are the most isolated areas of Canada and are barren and snowcovered for most of the year The Arctic Lowlands comprise much of the Arctic Archipelago and contain sedimentary rocks that may have oilbearing strata In the extreme north mainly on Ellesmere Island is the Innuitian Mt system which rises to c10000 ft (3050 m)
Canada＇s climate is influenced by latitude and topography The Interior Lowlands make it possible for polar air masses to move south and for subtropical air masses to move north into Canada Hudson Bay and the Great Lakes act to modify the climate locally The Western Cordillera serves as a climatic barrier that prevents polar air masses from reaching the Pacific coast and blocks the moist Pacific winds from reaching into the interior The Cordillera has a typical highland climate that varies with altitude the western slopes receive abundant rainfall and the whole region is forested The Interior Lowlands are in the rain shadow of the Cordillera the southern portion has a steppe climate in which grasses predominate S Canada has a temperate climate with snow in the winter (especially in the east) and cool summers Farther to the north extending to the timberline is the humid subarctic climate characterized by short summers and a snow cover for about half the year The huge boreal forest the largest surviving remnant of the extensive forests that once covered much of North America predominates in this region On the Arctic Archipelago and the northern mainland is the tundra with its mosses and lichen permafrost nearyearround snow cover and ice fields A noted phenomenon off the coast of E Canada is the persistence of dense fog which is formed when the warm air over the Gulf Stream passes over the cold Labrador Current as the two currents meet off Newfoundland
People
About 40 of the Canadian population are of British descent while 27 are of French origin Another 20 are of other European background about 10 are of E or SE Asian origin and some 3 are of aboriginal or Métis (mixed aboriginal and European) background In the late 1990s Canada had the highest immigration rate of any country in the world with more than half the total coming from Asia Over 75 of the total population live in cities Canada has complete religious liberty though its growing multiculturalism has at times caused tensions among ethnic and religious groups About 45 of the people are Roman Catholics while some 40 are Protestant (the largest groups being the United Church of Canada Anglicans and Presbyterians) English and French are the official languages and federal documents are published in both languages In 1991 about 61 of Canadians cited English as their mother tongue while 24 cited French
Economy
Since World War II the development of Canada＇s manufacturing mining and service sectors has led to the creation of an affluent society Services now account for 66 of the GDP while industry accounts for 31 Tourism and financial services represent some of Canada＇s most important industries within the service sector However manufacturing is Canada＇s single most important economic activity The leading products are transportation equipment pulp and paper processed foods chemicals primary and fabricated metals petroleum electrical and electronic products wood products printed materials machinery clothing and nonmetallic minerals Industries are centered in Ontario Quebec and to a lesser extent British Columbia and Alberta Canada＇s industries depend on the country＇s rich energy resources which include hydroelectric power petroleum natural gas coal and uranium
Canada is a leading mineral producer although much of its mineral resources are difficult to reach due to permafrost It is the world＇s largest source of nickel zinc and uranium and a major source of lead asbestos gypsum potash tantalum and cobalt Other important mineral resources are petroleum natural gas copper gold iron ore coal silver diamonds molybdenum and sulfur The mineral wealth is located in many areas some of the most productive regions are Sudbury Ont (copper and nickel) Timmins Ont (lead zinc and silver) and Kimberley British Columbia (lead zinc and silver) Petroleum and natural gas are found in Alberta and Saskatchewan
Agriculture employs about 3 of the population and contributes a similar percentage of the GDP The sources of the greatest farm income are livestock and dairy products Among the biggest incomeearning crops are wheat oats barley corn and canola Canada is one of the world＇s leading agricultural exporters especially of wheat Manitoba Saskatchewan and Alberta are the great graingrowing provinces and with Ontario are also the leading sources of beef cattle The main fruitgrowing regions are found in Ontario British Columbia Quebec and Nova Scotia Apples and peaches are the principal fruits grown in Canada More than half of the total land area is forest and Canadian timber production ranks among the highest in the world
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