高考英语非谓语动词单项选择分类详解
句子里面谓结构
语+谓语
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句中充谓语外句子成分动词形式做非谓语动词非谓语动词分三种形式：定式动名词分词（分词包括现分词分词）
定式动名词现分词时态语态变化
定式
动语态
动语态
谓语动词关系
般式
To do
To be done
动作发生谓语动作
进行式
To be doing
谓语动作时发生
完成式
To have done
To have been done
动作发生谓语动作前
动名词
动语态
动语态
谓语动词关系
般式
Doing
Being done
谓语动作时发生
完成式
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生谓语动作前
现分词
动语态
动语态
谓语动词关系
般式
Doing
Being done
谓语动作时发生
完成式
Having done
Having been done
动作发生谓语动作前
To do 1目 （状语） 2 （定语） 3表前面抽象名词进行解释说明（表语 ） （目状语 伴状语 结果状语 ）
Doing 动
Done 动
定式作状语 固定句式
Make sth +adj (较级)+to do
1 Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ______ into small pieces
A break B breaking C broken D to break
easy difficult hard comfortable等形容词
（注意：类定式通常动式表示动意义）
2 The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ______
A held B holding C be held D to hold
make法
Make 动法
Make 制作
作役动词make接定式作宾语补足语时定式必须省略to事实句中make役动词定式宾语补足语里make表示做制造定式目状语句意：西蒙做竹盒子收养病病等飞时候放走：
We make candles to give light 做蜡烛明
He made a box to put his money in 做盒子装钱
8Simon made a big bamboo box______ the little sick bird till it could fly
A keep B kept C keeping D to keep
It is +adj +forof sb to do sth 复合结构
3 It’s important for the figures ______ regularly
A to be undated B to have been updated
C to update D to have updated
It’s no use （in）doing sth
10 It’s no use ______ without taking action
A complain B complaining C being complained D to be complained
作宾语
列动词接定式作宾语请牢记面口诀：
决心学会想希拒绝设法愿假装
动答应选计划意请求帮帮
decidedeterminelearnwantexpecthopelongrefusemanagewishpretendofferpromisechoose
planagreeaskbeghelp
名词ability接惯接定式作定语
He has the ability to speak English fluently 流利说英语
The ability to be clearly heard is extremely important for newsreaders 声音宏亮清晰新闻广播员说极重
4 The ability ______ an idea is as important as the idea itself
A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed
动词seem接惯接定式接动名词
I can’t seem to make him understand 似法明白
The houses seem to blend into the surrounding scenery 房子周围景色浑然体
The old man didn’t seem to attach any importance to the problem 老似点重视问题
5 Today we have chat rooms text messaging emailing… but we seem ______ the art of communicating facetoface
A losing B to be losing C to be lost D having lost
Allowadviseforbidpermitconsiderpermit sb to do sth（允许某做某事） sb be permited to do
Allowadviseforbidpermitconsiderpermit doing
6 Passengers are permitted ______ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane
A to carry B carrying C to be carried D being carried
feel like意思想中like介词介词接动词般动名词
11 Lydia doesn’t feel like ______ abroad Her parents are old
A study B studying C studied D to study
表目 目状语
(in order to so as to )
Stop turning (your heads) round to look at people
(头)扭
The Government set up a working party to look into the problem
政府成立工作组调查问题
7 More TV programs according to government official will be produced ______ concern over food safety
A to raise B raising C to have raised D having raise
表原 原状语
定式作原状语般位表示心理活动情绪形容词面说明产生种情绪原类形容词：happyexcitedsurprisedfrightenedshockedgladdelighted 等
I am so excited_________(be) here
The boy was shocked ________(see) the frightening scene
表结果 结果状语
定式作结果状语表示出意料结果时前面加only 加强语气常tootoenoughtosoas to 等结构中
She returned only ____________（find）that no one was at home
语法
（根时态 语态判断）
To do 表
9 If they win the final tonight the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters
A being cheered B be cheered C to be cheered D were cheered
His novel is said __to be published_______(publish) next week
1 It’s great ____to hear ____ (hear) this news that China team won the match
2 He pretended ___to sleep_____ (sleep) when his younger brother came in
3 We agreed ___to meet _____ (meet) here but so far she has not turned up yet
4 Although regular exercise is very important it’s never a good idea ___to exercise_____ (exercise) too close to bedtime
5 It’s going to rain You’d better ____bring ____ (bring) the umbrella with you when going out
6 You don’t have to run fast for long ___to see____ (see) the benefit
1 D根英语语法easy difficult hard comfortable等形容词惯接定式作状语（注意：类定式通常动式表示动意义）四选项中D定式选D句意：汤姆糖果制造商否巧克力做更容易扳成块
2 D题考点设置方面面题极相似考查easy difficult hard comfortable等形容词接定式作状语法结构均make sth +形容词（两道题均较级）+定式句意：iPad 2早期型号厚度重量手里舒服
8 D题容易误选A作役动词make接定式作宾语补足语时定式必须省略to事实句中make役动词定式宾语补足语里make表示做制造定式目状语句意：西蒙做竹盒子收养病病等飞时候放走：
We make candles to give light 做蜡烛明
He made a box to put his money in 做盒子装钱
3 A根空格regularly（常）知动作发生常性排BD均完成式（表示动作已发生）for引出逻辑语the figuresupdate存着动关系应选定式动式选A句意：常更新数值重
4 C名词ability接惯接定式作定语题意思：想法身重够想法表达出样重：
He has the ability to speak English fluently 流利说英语
The ability to be clearly heard is extremely important for newsreaders 声音宏亮清晰新闻广播员说极重
5 B动词seem接惯接定式接动名词排AD空格the art of communicating facetoface作动词lose宾语空格处填定式动式排C：
I can’t seem to make him understand 似法明白
The houses seem to blend into the surrounding scenery 房子周围景色浑然体
The old man didn’t seem to attach any importance to the problem 老似点重视问题
6 A题考查permit sb to do sth（允许某做某事）句式题中该句式动式：
They were not permitted to form trade unions 组织工会
7 A定式作目状语注意选C作目状语定式完成式句意：根：政府官员说唤起食品安全关注制作更电视节目：
Stop turning (your heads) round to look at people (头)扭
The Government set up a working party to look into the problem 政府成立工作组调查问题
9 C句法结构空格处填非谓语动词排D选项A表示正进行符合句意选项B动词原形句中没求省略定式符号to语法结构行选项C定式动式表示时表示动符合语境简单说空格处填非谓语动词表目四选项中C定式表目选C句意：果赢晚决赛队员会巡游全城接受热心支持者欢呼：
The kids went to the hospital to be inoculated 孩子医院接种疫苗
He will go to the clinic tomorrow to be examined by the doctor 明天诊夫检查
10 B考查特殊句式it’s no use doing sth法：
It’s no use talking about it now 现谈事没
It’s no use pretending you didn’t know 装糊涂济事
It’s no use saying any more about what I think 想法说没
11 Bfeel like意思想中like介词根英语语法介词接动词般动名词选B：
I don’t feel like walking there 想步行里
I felt like laughing but I didn’t dare 想笑敢笑
定式
定式作
1 作语 定式作语时谓语单数it 作形式语定式放谓语面：
It took us two hours to finish the job
It is impossible for us to get there on time
It is very kind of you to help us
注意：（1）系动词look appear等句型
（2）定式作语句子中定式作表语时It is …to…句型试较：
It is to negate my own idea to believe him（错）
To believe him is to negate my own idea （）
（3）It is+ adj of for sb to do sth 结构中定式逻辑语前面形容词构成系表结构时of 否 for
2 作宾语
（1） 动词+定式：
He managed to escape from the fire
I find it hard to get along with him（it 作形式宾语）
注：列动词通常定式作宾语：want try hope wish need forget know promise refuse help decide begin start learn agree choose get等
（2） 动词+疑问词+to 特殊疑问句+定式相名词作宾语：
I don’t know what to do next how to do it next
I can’t decide when to go there
Why 开头时掉to
注意：定式短语作宾语时果带宾语补足语定式短语放宾语补足语it 作形式宾语：
I find it necessary to learn a foreign language
3 作宾语补足语
（1） 动词+宾语+定式（to do ）：
He warned me to be careful
I want you to speak to Tom
What makes you think so（带to定式）
注：动词定式做宾补动词：ask tell order want get would like like advise invite allow help wishwarn expect prefer encourage
（2） 表见解法动词结构：动词+宾语+ to be 定式结构：
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class
The book is believed to be useful（动语态）
(3) There +定式：
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there没料会里
注意：（1）动词需 as 短语作补语regard think believe take consider：
We regard Tom as our best teacher 认汤姆老师
Mary took him as her father 玛丽作父亲
（2）动词feel （感）hear listen to（二听）have let make（三）notice see watch observe look at（五）(：吾三室两厅感觉)等面补足语中定式带to变动语态必须带to：
They saw the boy fall off the tree The boy was seen to fall off the tree
(3)help面作宾语补足语定式带to带to
I often help him （to）clean the room
I helped him (to) find his things
4 作定语
定式作定语修饰名词代词定式修饰名词间逻辑谓关系动状关系位关系动宾关系定式通常放修饰词：
I have a lot of work to do（动宾关系）
He is looking for a room to live in（动状关系）
He is the first person to think of the idea（谓关系）
He has got a chance to go abroad（位关系）
注意：1定式逻辑语句子语时定式动形式表动：
Do you have anything else to say
2果作定语定式短语保留定时短语中副词介词：
I need a pen to write with (I will wirte with the pen ) (需直钢笔写字)
I have a little baby to look after (I must look after the little baby ) (婴)
作状语表示目结果原等时固定搭配定式短语in order to so as to so…as to such …as to …enough to too…to等
名师点津 含tooenough否定句型中否定词形容词副词原级连表示极强烈肯定意义
can＇tcouldn＇t ＋too＋adjadv ……
can＇tcouldn＇t ＋adjadv＋enough ……分
⑥You can＇t be careful_enough when driving
开车时样心
⑦You cannot praise him too_much
样称赞分
(1)too＋adjadv＋to do sth意太……做某事
(2)too to 结构前带only时强调肯定表示法译作非常……十分……实……真太……等
(3)too to 结构中too接带表示某种心情描绘性形容词副词ready eager satisfied kind willing easy anxious等表示种状态态度倾心情时too相very定式表肯定意
(4)too to 结构中定式否定式时构成双重否定意非常(太)……会(必定)
(5)too前never not等否定词时表肯定含义
（1） 做目状语to only to （仅仅） in order to so as to so(such)…as to…（···便···）：
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus 飞快跑便赶第班车
He came to the school to see his son
（2） 作结果状语表事先没预料放句子面：
He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed
He searched the room only to find nothing
（3） 做原状语：
We were very excited to hear the news
I’m glad to see you
（4） 做条件状语：
To turn to the left you could find a post office
5 作表语
定式放be动词面构成表语：
The question is how to put it into practice
My question is when to leave
His dream is to be a doctor
Her work is to look after the babies
注意：1定式句中作表语时应谓语动词单数
2助定式时表语Ving形式定式
：To see is to believe （眼见实）
6 独立结构：
To tell you the truth I don’t agree with you
To make matters worse it began to rain
二 定式时态语态
1 定式时态
（1） 现时：时谓语动词表示动作时发生时发生谓语动词动作：
He seems to know this I hope to see you again
（2） 完成时：表示动作发生谓语动词表示动作前：
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble
He seems to have caught a cold
（3） 进行时：表示动作正进行谓语动词表示动作时发生：
He seems to be eating something
（4） 完成进行时：表示动作某时间开始直延续现持续：
She is known to have been working on the problem for many years
2 定式语态
定式逻辑语动作承受者时动式：
He was seen to enter the hall He asked to be sent to work in Tibet
三 省to 动词定式
1 情态动词（ought 外ought to）
2 Would rather had better
3 感官动词 see watch look at notice observe hear listen to smell feel 等作宾补省略 to
注意：动语态中 to 省略掉：
I saw him dance He was seen to dance The boss made them work the whole night
They were made to work the whole night
4 役动词 let have make
5 and or than 连接两定式第二 to 省：He wants to move to France and marry the girl
6 Help 带 to 带to help sb (to) do sth
7 Why…Why not…
8 But except 前动词 do 时面出现动词带 to 动词定式试较： He wants to do nothing but go out
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine
9 通常discover imagine suppose think understand 等词省 to be ：
He is supposed (to be) nice 应该
——I usually go there by train
——Why not ______ by boat for a change
A to try going B trying to go C to try and go D try going
Paul doesn’t have to be made ______ He always works hard
A learn B to learn C learned D learning
四 动词定式否定式：Tell him not to shut the window She pretended not to see me when I passed by
Mrs Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking
A never to drive B to never drive C never driving D never drive
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him ______
A not to B not to do C not do it D do not do
The patient was warned ______ food before the operation
A to eat no B eating not C not to eat D not eating
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句子里面谓结构
语+谓语
走街
见商店
走街见商店
句中充谓语外句子成分动词形式做非谓语动词非谓语动词分三种形式：定式动名词分词（分词包括现分词分词）
定式动名词现分词时态语态变化
定式
动语态
动语态
谓语动词关系
般式
To do
To be done
动作发生谓语动作
进行式
To be doing
谓语动作时发生
完成式
To have done
To have been done
动作发生谓语动作前
动名词
动语态
动语态
谓语动词关系
般式
Doing
Being done
谓语动作时发生
完成式
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生谓语动作前
现分词
动语态
动语态
谓语动词关系
般式
Doing
Being done
谓语动作时发生
完成式
Having done
Having been done
动作发生谓语动作前
To do 1目 （状语） 2 （定语） 3表前面抽象名词进行解释说明（表语 ） （目状语 伴状语 结果状语 ）
Doing 动
Done 动
定式作状语 固定句式
Make sth +adj (较级)+to do
1 Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier ______ into small pieces
A break B breaking C broken D to break
easy difficult hard comfortable等形容词
（注意：类定式通常动式表示动意义）
2 The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ______
A held B holding C be held D to hold
make法
Make 动法
Make 制作
作役动词make接定式作宾语补足语时定式必须省略to事实句中make役动词定式宾语补足语里make表示做制造定式目状语句意：西蒙做竹盒子收养病病等飞时候放走：
We make candles to give light 做蜡烛明
He made a box to put his money in 做盒子装钱
8Simon made a big bamboo box______ the little sick bird till it could fly
A keep B kept C keeping D to keep
It is +adj +forof sb to do sth 复合结构
3 It’s important for the figures ______ regularly
A to be undated B to have been updated
C to update D to have updated
It’s no use （in）doing sth
10 It’s no use ______ without taking action
A complain B complaining C being complained D to be complained
作宾语
列动词接定式作宾语请牢记面口诀：
决心学会想希拒绝设法愿假装
动答应选计划意请求帮帮
decidedeterminelearnwantexpecthopelongrefusemanagewishpretendofferpromisechoose
planagreeaskbeghelp
名词ability接惯接定式作定语
He has the ability to speak English fluently 流利说英语
The ability to be clearly heard is extremely important for newsreaders 声音宏亮清晰新闻广播员说极重
4 The ability ______ an idea is as important as the idea itself
A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed
动词seem接惯接定式接动名词
I can’t seem to make him understand 似法明白
The houses seem to blend into the surrounding scenery 房子周围景色浑然体
The old man didn’t seem to attach any importance to the problem 老似点重视问题
5 Today we have chat rooms text messaging emailing… but we seem ______ the art of communicating facetoface
A losing B to be losing C to be lost D having lost
Allowadviseforbidpermitconsiderpermit sb to do sth（允许某做某事） sb be permited to do
Allowadviseforbidpermitconsiderpermit doing
6 Passengers are permitted ______ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane
A to carry B carrying C to be carried D being carried
feel like意思想中like介词介词接动词般动名词
11 Lydia doesn’t feel like ______ abroad Her parents are old
A study B studying C studied D to study
表目 目状语
(in order to so as to )
Stop turning (your heads) round to look at people
(头)扭
The Government set up a working party to look into the problem
政府成立工作组调查问题
7 More TV programs according to government official will be produced ______ concern over food safety
A to raise B raising C to have raised D having raise
表原 原状语
定式作原状语般位表示心理活动情绪形容词面说明产生种情绪原类形容词：happyexcitedsurprisedfrightenedshockedgladdelighted 等
I am so excited_________(be) here
The boy was shocked ________(see) the frightening scene
表结果 结果状语
定式作结果状语表示出意料结果时前面加only 加强语气常tootoenoughtosoas to 等结构中
She returned only ____________（find）that no one was at home
语法
（根时态 语态判断）
To do 表
9 If they win the final tonight the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters
A being cheered B be cheered C to be cheered D were cheered
His novel is said __to be published_______(publish) next week
1 It’s great ____to hear ____ (hear) this news that China team won the match
2 He pretended ___to sleep_____ (sleep) when his younger brother came in
3 We agreed ___to meet _____ (meet) here but so far she has not turned up yet
4 Although regular exercise is very important it’s never a good idea ___to exercise_____ (exercise) too close to bedtime
5 It’s going to rain You’d better ____bring ____ (bring) the umbrella with you when going out
6 You don’t have to run fast for long ___to see____ (see) the benefit
1 D根英语语法easy difficult hard comfortable等形容词惯接定式作状语（注意：类定式通常动式表示动意义）四选项中D定式选D句意：汤姆糖果制造商否巧克力做更容易扳成块
2 D题考点设置方面面题极相似考查easy difficult hard comfortable等形容词接定式作状语法结构均make sth +形容词（两道题均较级）+定式句意：iPad 2早期型号厚度重量手里舒服
8 D题容易误选A作役动词make接定式作宾语补足语时定式必须省略to事实句中make役动词定式宾语补足语里make表示做制造定式目状语句意：西蒙做竹盒子收养病病等飞时候放走：
We make candles to give light 做蜡烛明
He made a box to put his money in 做盒子装钱
3 A根空格regularly（常）知动作发生常性排BD均完成式（表示动作已发生）for引出逻辑语the figuresupdate存着动关系应选定式动式选A句意：常更新数值重
4 C名词ability接惯接定式作定语题意思：想法身重够想法表达出样重：
He has the ability to speak English fluently 流利说英语
The ability to be clearly heard is extremely important for newsreaders 声音宏亮清晰新闻广播员说极重
5 B动词seem接惯接定式接动名词排AD空格the art of communicating facetoface作动词lose宾语空格处填定式动式排C：
I can’t seem to make him understand 似法明白
The houses seem to blend into the surrounding scenery 房子周围景色浑然体
The old man didn’t seem to attach any importance to the problem 老似点重视问题
6 A题考查permit sb to do sth（允许某做某事）句式题中该句式动式：
They were not permitted to form trade unions 组织工会
7 A定式作目状语注意选C作目状语定式完成式句意：根：政府官员说唤起食品安全关注制作更电视节目：
Stop turning (your heads) round to look at people (头)扭
The Government set up a working party to look into the problem 政府成立工作组调查问题
9 C句法结构空格处填非谓语动词排D选项A表示正进行符合句意选项B动词原形句中没求省略定式符号to语法结构行选项C定式动式表示时表示动符合语境简单说空格处填非谓语动词表目四选项中C定式表目选C句意：果赢晚决赛队员会巡游全城接受热心支持者欢呼：
The kids went to the hospital to be inoculated 孩子医院接种疫苗
He will go to the clinic tomorrow to be examined by the doctor 明天诊夫检查
10 B考查特殊句式it’s no use doing sth法：
It’s no use talking about it now 现谈事没
It’s no use pretending you didn’t know 装糊涂济事
It’s no use saying any more about what I think 想法说没
11 Bfeel like意思想中like介词根英语语法介词接动词般动名词选B：
I don’t feel like walking there 想步行里
I felt like laughing but I didn’t dare 想笑敢笑
定式
定式作
1 作语 定式作语时谓语单数it 作形式语定式放谓语面：
It took us two hours to finish the job
It is impossible for us to get there on time
It is very kind of you to help us
注意：（1）系动词look appear等句型
（2）定式作语句子中定式作表语时It is …to…句型试较：
It is to negate my own idea to believe him（错）
To believe him is to negate my own idea （）
（3）It is+ adj of for sb to do sth 结构中定式逻辑语前面形容词构成系表结构时of 否 for
2 作宾语
（1） 动词+定式：
He managed to escape from the fire
I find it hard to get along with him（it 作形式宾语）
注：列动词通常定式作宾语：want try hope wish need forget know promise refuse help decide begin start learn agree choose get等
（2） 动词+疑问词+to 特殊疑问句+定式相名词作宾语：
I don’t know what to do next how to do it next
I can’t decide when to go there
Why 开头时掉to
注意：定式短语作宾语时果带宾语补足语定式短语放宾语补足语it 作形式宾语：
I find it necessary to learn a foreign language
3 作宾语补足语
（1） 动词+宾语+定式（to do ）：
He warned me to be careful
I want you to speak to Tom
What makes you think so（带to定式）
注：动词定式做宾补动词：ask tell order want get would like like advise invite allow help wishwarn expect prefer encourage
（2） 表见解法动词结构：动词+宾语+ to be 定式结构：
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class
The book is believed to be useful（动语态）
(3) There +定式：
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there没料会里
注意：（1）动词需 as 短语作补语regard think believe take consider：
We regard Tom as our best teacher 认汤姆老师
Mary took him as her father 玛丽作父亲
（2）动词feel （感）hear listen to（二听）have let make（三）notice see watch observe look at（五）(：吾三室两厅感觉)等面补足语中定式带to变动语态必须带to：
They saw the boy fall off the tree The boy was seen to fall off the tree
(3)help面作宾语补足语定式带to带to
I often help him （to）clean the room
I helped him (to) find his things
4 作定语
定式作定语修饰名词代词定式修饰名词间逻辑谓关系动状关系位关系动宾关系定式通常放修饰词：
I have a lot of work to do（动宾关系）
He is looking for a room to live in（动状关系）
He is the first person to think of the idea（谓关系）
He has got a chance to go abroad（位关系）
注意：1定式逻辑语句子语时定式动形式表动：
Do you have anything else to say
2果作定语定式短语保留定时短语中副词介词：
I need a pen to write with (I will wirte with the pen ) (需直钢笔写字)
I have a little baby to look after (I must look after the little baby ) (婴)
作状语表示目结果原等时固定搭配定式短语in order to so as to so…as to such …as to …enough to too…to等
名师点津 含tooenough否定句型中否定词形容词副词原级连表示极强烈肯定意义
can＇tcouldn＇t ＋too＋adjadv ……
can＇tcouldn＇t ＋adjadv＋enough ……分
⑥You can＇t be careful_enough when driving
开车时样心
⑦You cannot praise him too_much
样称赞分
(1)too＋adjadv＋to do sth意太……做某事
(2)too to 结构前带only时强调肯定表示法译作非常……十分……实……真太……等
(3)too to 结构中too接带表示某种心情描绘性形容词副词ready eager satisfied kind willing easy anxious等表示种状态态度倾心情时too相very定式表肯定意
(4)too to 结构中定式否定式时构成双重否定意非常(太)……会(必定)
(5)too前never not等否定词时表肯定含义
（1） 做目状语to only to （仅仅） in order to so as to so(such)…as to…（···便···）：
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus 飞快跑便赶第班车
He came to the school to see his son
（2） 作结果状语表事先没预料放句子面：
He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed
He searched the room only to find nothing
（3） 做原状语：
We were very excited to hear the news
I’m glad to see you
（4） 做条件状语：
To turn to the left you could find a post office
5 作表语
定式放be动词面构成表语：
The question is how to put it into practice
My question is when to leave
His dream is to be a doctor
Her work is to look after the babies
注意：1定式句中作表语时应谓语动词单数
2助定式时表语Ving形式定式
：To see is to believe （眼见实）
6 独立结构：
To tell you the truth I don’t agree with you
To make matters worse it began to rain
二 定式时态语态
1 定式时态
（1） 现时：时谓语动词表示动作时发生时发生谓语动词动作：
He seems to know this I hope to see you again
（2） 完成时：表示动作发生谓语动词表示动作前：
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble
He seems to have caught a cold
（3） 进行时：表示动作正进行谓语动词表示动作时发生：
He seems to be eating something
（4） 完成进行时：表示动作某时间开始直延续现持续：
She is known to have been working on the problem for many years
2 定式语态
定式逻辑语动作承受者时动式：
He was seen to enter the hall He asked to be sent to work in Tibet
三 省to 动词定式
1 情态动词（ought 外ought to）
2 Would rather had better
3 感官动词 see watch look at notice observe hear listen to smell feel 等作宾补省略 to
注意：动语态中 to 省略掉：
I saw him dance He was seen to dance The boss made them work the whole night
They were made to work the whole night
4 役动词 let have make
5 and or than 连接两定式第二 to 省：He wants to move to France and marry the girl
6 Help 带 to 带to help sb (to) do sth
7 Why…Why not…
8 But except 前动词 do 时面出现动词带 to 动词定式试较： He wants to do nothing but go out
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine
9 通常discover imagine suppose think understand 等词省 to be ：
He is supposed (to be) nice 应该
——I usually go there by train
——Why not ______ by boat for a change
A to try going B trying to go C to try and go D try going
Paul doesn’t have to be made ______ He always works hard
A learn B to learn C learned D learning
四 动词定式否定式：Tell him not to shut the window She pretended not to see me when I passed by
Mrs Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking
A never to drive B to never drive C never driving D never drive
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him ______
A not to B not to do C not do it D do not do
The patient was warned ______ food before the operation
A to eat no B eating not C not to eat D not eating
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