1
Unit 1
Basic parts of a sentence (1)
GRAMMAR
1 Subject and predicate
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought Every sentence has two basic
parts a subject and a predicate The subject is the naming part of the sentence representing the
person place or thing that performs the action of the verb or expressing the condition or state of
the verb
Subjects are nouns and other forms that can function as nouns such as pronouns clauses
infinitives and gerunds A subject usually comes first in a sentence It is the topic about which the
speaker or writer is speaking or writing For example
1) My grandfather bought the car many years ago
2) The car was bought many years ago by my grandfather
The two sentences above are almost similar in meaning but they have different topics In
sentence 1 the focus of the meaning is my grandfather whereas sentence 2 is mainly about
the car In different contexts we have a different choice of the two sentences See if you can put
a suitable one of the two sentences above into each space below
In my garage there is an old car _______________ It is a Cadillac a very
classical luxury car manufactured in 1966 The car has 65000 original miles on it
but sitting in a damp garage for most of its life didn’t do many favors for it
In my garage there is an old car It is my grandfather’s gift for my grandmother
_____________ In order to buy this car my grandfather had been saving his money
for quite a few years He worked as a truck driver for a local grocery chain and
supported a big family on his salary Needless to say money was pretty hard to come
by that time According to my grandmother at the end of the day he would come
home and empty his space change into a jar beside the bed When the jar was full he
would take it to the band
Predicates are verbs A predicate is the doing or being part of the sentence expressing the
action or state of being of the subject The predicate often coming after the subject is the
semantic and grammatical center of a sentence
I bought a house for my parents
Some of the buried workers are still alive
The babies grew nervous from the loud noise
A verb is often made up of more than one word The verb that expresses the action or state of
being of the subject is called main verb The word that accompany the main verb is called an 2
auxiliary helping verb which helps the main verb express mood or time by forming various
tenses
George must be playing basketball with them now
The thief has been caught in a deserted building
Auxiliary helping verbs can not be used alone in a sentence It must go together with main
verbs Correct the following sentences：
Tomorrow will surely better
Our campus will more and more beautiful
When you opened the window the room would immediately bright
Verb can be classified into two action verbs and linking verbs An action verb expresses an
action such as do act make walk take break react write see say buy build and so on A
linking verb linksjoins the subject of a sentence (often a noun or a pronoun) with a noun a
pronoun or an adjective that identifies or describes the subject It does not show action but
express the existence or state of being of the subject
A noun a pronoun or an adjective that follows a linking verb is called a predictive which
points back to the subject to rename it to identify it or to describe it further
There are eleven linking verbs which are most frequently used We can briefly put them into
three groups
1) expressing judgment or change be get turn prove
2) indicating five senses of humans look feel smell taste sound
3) some others GRABS grow remain appear become seem
Examples：
For years her grandfather was one of the town leaders
My coat seemed too large
Pineapple sometimes tastes better with salt
Most students feel disappointed with the result
The time of his birth remains a mystery to us
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Unit 1
Basic parts of a sentence (1)
GRAMMAR
1 Subject and predicate
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought Every sentence has two basic
parts a subject and a predicate The subject is the naming part of the sentence representing the
person place or thing that performs the action of the verb or expressing the condition or state of
the verb
Subjects are nouns and other forms that can function as nouns such as pronouns clauses
infinitives and gerunds A subject usually comes first in a sentence It is the topic about which the
speaker or writer is speaking or writing For example
1) My grandfather bought the car many years ago
2) The car was bought many years ago by my grandfather
The two sentences above are almost similar in meaning but they have different topics In
sentence 1 the focus of the meaning is my grandfather whereas sentence 2 is mainly about
the car In different contexts we have a different choice of the two sentences See if you can put
a suitable one of the two sentences above into each space below
In my garage there is an old car _______________ It is a Cadillac a very
classical luxury car manufactured in 1966 The car has 65000 original miles on it
but sitting in a damp garage for most of its life didn’t do many favors for it
In my garage there is an old car It is my grandfather’s gift for my grandmother
_____________ In order to buy this car my grandfather had been saving his money
for quite a few years He worked as a truck driver for a local grocery chain and
supported a big family on his salary Needless to say money was pretty hard to come
by that time According to my grandmother at the end of the day he would come
home and empty his space change into a jar beside the bed When the jar was full he
would take it to the band
Predicates are verbs A predicate is the doing or being part of the sentence expressing the
action or state of being of the subject The predicate often coming after the subject is the
semantic and grammatical center of a sentence
I bought a house for my parents
Some of the buried workers are still alive
The babies grew nervous from the loud noise
A verb is often made up of more than one word The verb that expresses the action or state of
being of the subject is called main verb The word that accompany the main verb is called an 2
auxiliary helping verb which helps the main verb express mood or time by forming various
tenses
George must be playing basketball with them now
The thief has been caught in a deserted building
Auxiliary helping verbs can not be used alone in a sentence It must go together with main
verbs Correct the following sentences：
Tomorrow will surely better
Our campus will more and more beautiful
When you opened the window the room would immediately bright
Verb can be classified into two action verbs and linking verbs An action verb expresses an
action such as do act make walk take break react write see say buy build and so on A
linking verb linksjoins the subject of a sentence (often a noun or a pronoun) with a noun a
pronoun or an adjective that identifies or describes the subject It does not show action but
express the existence or state of being of the subject
A noun a pronoun or an adjective that follows a linking verb is called a predictive which
points back to the subject to rename it to identify it or to describe it further
There are eleven linking verbs which are most frequently used We can briefly put them into
three groups
1) expressing judgment or change be get turn prove
2) indicating five senses of humans look feel smell taste sound
3) some others GRABS grow remain appear become seem
Examples：
For years her grandfather was one of the town leaders
My coat seemed too large
Pineapple sometimes tastes better with salt
Most students feel disappointed with the result
The time of his birth remains a mystery to us
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档