专题七 动词时态语态
动词时态语态历年高考英语测试重中重般占1—2道题命题思路三：直接出标志性时间状语考生时间状语作出选择二出时间状语时间状语着较强干扰性考生直接根时间状语作出选择需结合语境判断三没时间状语需助文语境作出正确判断
考生应熟知常时态动语态构成法高考题会涉单时态语态更侧重时态交叉呼应语态结合解题时定结合语境弄清时间先关系根情况采取找标法(寻找时间标志词)呼应法(句时态呼应)搭配法(固定搭配)语境法等解题技巧
､识标志词
果题干中标志性时间状语根时间状语选择相应时态｡
[例]①More than a dozen students in that school ________ abroad to study medicine last year
A sent B were sentC had sentD had been sent
[解析] 题明显时间标志词last year提示应该般时句中语students送象应该动语态｡答案B｡
动词时态般相应时间状语请学熟记列8种常时态应时间状语｡
(1)般现时often always usually seldom now every day等｡
(2)般时then yesterday last week after that ago in the followingnext few months等｡
(3)现进行时now right now at present at this moment these days等｡
(4)进行时then at that time at this time yesterday等｡
(5)现完成时 recently lately up totill now so far in the pastlast few monthsyears… for+段时间 since + 点时间等｡
(6)完成时before by the end of last monthyears…等｡
(7)般时tomorrow today next weekmonth… in an hour in the comingfollowing few weeks等｡
(8)时the following month the next week等｡
[命题角度策]高考测试动词时态须句中时间状语致时常题干中加入具体情景测试考生动词时态知识实际运力｡敏锐捕捉时间标志词结合具体语境选择出正确动词时态解决类问题良策｡
二､时态须呼应
果题干复合句根句时态呼应原选出正确时态｡
命题角度策]年高考考查句时态呼应时常放真实符合实际语境中进行考查｡根时态呼应原解题时握点
(1)时间､条件等状语句中般现时表示般时般时表示时现完成时表示完成时｡
(2)正确认定句动词句动词两动作发生时间认真体会命题者出语境｡
(3)解答宾语句句时态呼应题时考生应熟知规句动词现时句动词根需时态句动词时句动词须恰某种时态(表示客观真理时般现时)｡
三､仔细体会语境
年高考试题时态语态考查求越越高部分试题趋情境化､实际化｡仔细体会语境根具体语境选择合适时态考生需重点解决问题｡
例：—Do you think we should accept that offer
—Yeswe shouldfor we______ such bad luck up till nowand time______ out
A have hadis running
B hadis running
C havehas been run
D have hadhas been run
答案解析 A时间标志词up till now知道动作延续现第空现完成时根语境知时间快耗光第二空进行时表
—Can you tell me the timetable of the__________school bus
—Well the bus__________here for the __________campus at 700 A．m
A．will leave B．left
C．is leaving D．leaves
答案解析 D考查时态校班车时间表规定事情表示般性动作般现时
精选试题 名校模拟题答案
1 — What’s that terrible noise
— The neighbors _____ for a party
A have prepared B are preparing C prepare D will prepare
2 Now that she is out of a job Lucy _____ going back to school but she hasn’t decided yet
A had considered B has been considering
C has been completed D is going to consider
3 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006
A has been completed B has completed
C will have been completed D will have completed
4 Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ so rapidly
A is changing B has changed C will have changed D will change
5 I _____ Ping –pong quite well but I haven’t had time to play since the new year
A played B will play C have played D play
6 Visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits
A will request B request C are requesting D are requested
7 John and I _____ friends for eight years We first got to know each other at a Christmas party But we _____ each other a couple of times before that
A had been have seen B have been have seen
C had been had seen D have been had seen
8 This is Ted’s photo We miss him a lot He ______ trying to save a child in the earthquake
A killed B is killed C was killed D was killing
9 — How are the team playing
— They are playing well but one of them _____ hurt
A got B gets C are D were
10 — You haven’t said a word about my new coua Brenda Do you like it
— I’m sorry I _____ anything about it sooner I certainly think it’s pretty on you
A wasn’t saying B don’t say C won’t say D didn’t say
11 I wonder why Jenny ____ us recently We should have heard from her by now
A hasn’t written B doesn’t write C won’t write D hadn’t written
12 My uncle ______ until he was forty –five
A married B didn’t marry C was not marrying D would marry
13 — When will you come to see me Dad
— I will go to see you when you _____ the training course
A will have finished B will finish C are finishing D finish
14 — How long _____ at this job
— Since 1990
A were you cmployed B have you been employed
C had you been employed D will you be employed
15 With the rapid growth of population the city _____ in all directions in the past five years
A spreads B has spread C spread D had spread
16 The silence of the library _____ only by the sound of pages being turned over
A has been broken B breaks C broke D was broken
17 All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor her nervousness _____
A has grown B is growing C grew D had grown
18 Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge It will _____ fresh for several days
A be stayed B stay C be staying D have stayed
19 — Sorry Joe I didn’t mean to
— Don’t call me Joe I’m Mr Parker to you and _____ you forget it
A do B didn’t C did D don’t
20 At this time tomorrow _____ over the Atlantic
A we’re going to fly B we’ll be flying C we’ll fly D we’re to fly
21 The news came as no surprise to me I _____ for some time that the factory was going to shut down
A had known B knew C have known D know
22 I thought Jim would say something about his school report but he ______ it
A doesn’t mention B hadn’t mentioned C didn’t mention D hasn’t mentioned
23 No one in the department but Tom and I _____ that the director is going to resign
A knows B know C have known D am to know
24 Although he has lived with us for years he ______ us much impression
A hadn’t left B didn’t leave C doesn’t leave D hasn’t left
25 how can you possibly miss the news It _____ on TV all day long
A has been B bad been C was D will be
26 — Sorry to have interrupted you Please go on
— Where was I
— You _____ you didn’t like your father’s job
A had said B said C were saying D had been saying
27 I arrived late I _____ the road to be so iey
A wouldn’t expect B haven’t expected C hadn’t expected D wasn’t expecting
28 I ______ while reading the English textbook Luckily my roommate woke me up in time
A had fallen asleep B have fallen asleep C fell asleep D fall asleep
29 Let’s keep to the point or we ______ any decisions
A will never reach B have never reached C never reach D never reached
30 My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ half of it
A was missing B had missed C will miss D missed
答案解析
1B 根题意先排D 项回答方说明书现情况A项have prepare说明已准备C项prepare目前惯性动作B项瑞进行时表示动作示完性B 项佳答案
2B 句意：Lucy失业考虑重返校园现没决定根题意说话者说现情况排ACD三项B飞行员现完成进行时表示现事进行时强调考虑动作未完性佳答案
3C 句意：北京市市长说北京奥林区克建筑2006年完成题考查英语动词语态时态显然题应该动语态排BD根时间状语by2006应选择完成时选C
4A 题干中句Selecting a mobile phone …is no easy task谓语动词表示种含刻广泛意义现时间般现时态（…is no easy task）面状态句（because…）中说明原技术更新变化迅速应采现进行时：（technology）is changing(so rapidly)现进行时态表示种持续变化状态体现变化趋势发展进展
5D 题干分句（but…）转折语气句中现完成时态（I haven’t had time to play）表示new year直没乒乓球排选项B（will play）C（have played）推断前句中说状态含刻广泛意义现时间空中应该般现时态表达时间概念
6D 句意：参观者求触摸展品应该动形式
7D第空现完成时段时间状语连（for eight years）第二空：次晚会认识前见动作帮选D
8C 文知Ted已死属发生事情 动词kill讲应动关系选C
9A 题中设语境知句队员受伤应动作选A
10D话题干设语境处谈没发生事（you haven’t said a word…）话中Brenda 没朋友穿新衣早加赞赏方表示歉意sooner(at an earlier time)作附加状语传达十分重时间信息
处应表示行简单时面句子中现时态（I certainly think…）形成余选项时态…hasn’t written us recently
11A 前句中recently事句中动词民语气重提示：We should have heard from her by nowWe havent heard from her by now处讨该发生没发生事现完成时态：…hasn’t written us recently
12B marry终止性动词not…until句型中表示叔叔直四十五岁结婚
13D when句中通常般现时形式表时间
14B答语中since1990关键信息
15B 时间状语in the past five years现时间关
16D图书馆安静破须动语态情景中找出现关时间信息A错误
17C growas句里wait发生 题干前半句时间状语提供极重时间线索：All morning as she waited…表示段延续时间空中动词表示行（her nervousness grow）时进行处应般时
题中现时间相关两选项(A has grown B is growing)容易排D项（had grown）完成时态应表示特定时间前行语境符排
18B stay晨系动词法动形式
根题设空执着续形容词fresh判断选项动词stay系动词（to continue or remain in a place position or condition——COLLINS NEW ENGLISH DICTIONARY） 容易排A项（系动词权动语态）句意说话方提出建议（Why don’t you…？）然阐明（the meat will…）应该stay 般形式会进行式（C 项be staying）完成式（D项have stayed）
19D注意Mr Parker 里针Sorry joe件事 I didn’t mean to…件事前者正时刻发生应般现时句意：应称呼帕克先生忘吧题干选材话形式语境完整前者 Joe道歉者（joe）拒接受道歉认称呼Joe：套提醒警千方语气非常严厉
20B at this time tomorrow 指明某具体时间进行时
21A Ｔhe news came 前已知道进行时
22C but连接列句时态thought致
23A句子语no one谓语动词应单数
24D although句中has lived非常重时间住处说话意思：然起生活年（现）没留少印象里C项恰
25A根can形式（could）判断里谈纯粹显然时间
26C 语境中暗含着时间信息：断说话时候
27C arrive关键信息：（出发前）没预料路会滑里谈显然（started）（had expected）
28C根woke(wake 式)判断里谈现关排BD两项I读书期间睡着（while reading）前睡着A项恰
29A 句意：请偏离话题然话会取胜决定祈句and or 连常见说法：Turn left and you will find the bookstore左转会找书店里Listen to me or you will never succeed听话否会成功时谈will dobe going to do 表示区时will表意愿时者表示计划迹象例：
Give him the big apple or he oil not allow us to go with him
—Why didn’t you come to my birthday party
—I was going to but my wife returned
30D 句意：（时）没注意说话（现）觉讲话半没听题干句中透圳出时间信息三方：wasn’t was sayingI’m afraid做出选择重
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动词时态语态历年高考英语测试重中重般占1—2道题命题思路三：直接出标志性时间状语考生时间状语作出选择二出时间状语时间状语着较强干扰性考生直接根时间状语作出选择需结合语境判断三没时间状语需助文语境作出正确判断
考生应熟知常时态动语态构成法高考题会涉单时态语态更侧重时态交叉呼应语态结合解题时定结合语境弄清时间先关系根情况采取找标法(寻找时间标志词)呼应法(句时态呼应)搭配法(固定搭配)语境法等解题技巧
､识标志词
果题干中标志性时间状语根时间状语选择相应时态｡
[例]①More than a dozen students in that school ________ abroad to study medicine last year
A sent B were sentC had sentD had been sent
[解析] 题明显时间标志词last year提示应该般时句中语students送象应该动语态｡答案B｡
动词时态般相应时间状语请学熟记列8种常时态应时间状语｡
(1)般现时often always usually seldom now every day等｡
(2)般时then yesterday last week after that ago in the followingnext few months等｡
(3)现进行时now right now at present at this moment these days等｡
(4)进行时then at that time at this time yesterday等｡
(5)现完成时 recently lately up totill now so far in the pastlast few monthsyears… for+段时间 since + 点时间等｡
(6)完成时before by the end of last monthyears…等｡
(7)般时tomorrow today next weekmonth… in an hour in the comingfollowing few weeks等｡
(8)时the following month the next week等｡
[命题角度策]高考测试动词时态须句中时间状语致时常题干中加入具体情景测试考生动词时态知识实际运力｡敏锐捕捉时间标志词结合具体语境选择出正确动词时态解决类问题良策｡
二､时态须呼应
果题干复合句根句时态呼应原选出正确时态｡
命题角度策]年高考考查句时态呼应时常放真实符合实际语境中进行考查｡根时态呼应原解题时握点
(1)时间､条件等状语句中般现时表示般时般时表示时现完成时表示完成时｡
(2)正确认定句动词句动词两动作发生时间认真体会命题者出语境｡
(3)解答宾语句句时态呼应题时考生应熟知规句动词现时句动词根需时态句动词时句动词须恰某种时态(表示客观真理时般现时)｡
三､仔细体会语境
年高考试题时态语态考查求越越高部分试题趋情境化､实际化｡仔细体会语境根具体语境选择合适时态考生需重点解决问题｡
例：—Do you think we should accept that offer
—Yeswe shouldfor we______ such bad luck up till nowand time______ out
A have hadis running
B hadis running
C havehas been run
D have hadhas been run
答案解析 A时间标志词up till now知道动作延续现第空现完成时根语境知时间快耗光第二空进行时表
—Can you tell me the timetable of the__________school bus
—Well the bus__________here for the __________campus at 700 A．m
A．will leave B．left
C．is leaving D．leaves
答案解析 D考查时态校班车时间表规定事情表示般性动作般现时
精选试题 名校模拟题答案
1 — What’s that terrible noise
— The neighbors _____ for a party
A have prepared B are preparing C prepare D will prepare
2 Now that she is out of a job Lucy _____ going back to school but she hasn’t decided yet
A had considered B has been considering
C has been completed D is going to consider
3 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006
A has been completed B has completed
C will have been completed D will have completed
4 Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ so rapidly
A is changing B has changed C will have changed D will change
5 I _____ Ping –pong quite well but I haven’t had time to play since the new year
A played B will play C have played D play
6 Visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits
A will request B request C are requesting D are requested
7 John and I _____ friends for eight years We first got to know each other at a Christmas party But we _____ each other a couple of times before that
A had been have seen B have been have seen
C had been had seen D have been had seen
8 This is Ted’s photo We miss him a lot He ______ trying to save a child in the earthquake
A killed B is killed C was killed D was killing
9 — How are the team playing
— They are playing well but one of them _____ hurt
A got B gets C are D were
10 — You haven’t said a word about my new coua Brenda Do you like it
— I’m sorry I _____ anything about it sooner I certainly think it’s pretty on you
A wasn’t saying B don’t say C won’t say D didn’t say
11 I wonder why Jenny ____ us recently We should have heard from her by now
A hasn’t written B doesn’t write C won’t write D hadn’t written
12 My uncle ______ until he was forty –five
A married B didn’t marry C was not marrying D would marry
13 — When will you come to see me Dad
— I will go to see you when you _____ the training course
A will have finished B will finish C are finishing D finish
14 — How long _____ at this job
— Since 1990
A were you cmployed B have you been employed
C had you been employed D will you be employed
15 With the rapid growth of population the city _____ in all directions in the past five years
A spreads B has spread C spread D had spread
16 The silence of the library _____ only by the sound of pages being turned over
A has been broken B breaks C broke D was broken
17 All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor her nervousness _____
A has grown B is growing C grew D had grown
18 Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge It will _____ fresh for several days
A be stayed B stay C be staying D have stayed
19 — Sorry Joe I didn’t mean to
— Don’t call me Joe I’m Mr Parker to you and _____ you forget it
A do B didn’t C did D don’t
20 At this time tomorrow _____ over the Atlantic
A we’re going to fly B we’ll be flying C we’ll fly D we’re to fly
21 The news came as no surprise to me I _____ for some time that the factory was going to shut down
A had known B knew C have known D know
22 I thought Jim would say something about his school report but he ______ it
A doesn’t mention B hadn’t mentioned C didn’t mention D hasn’t mentioned
23 No one in the department but Tom and I _____ that the director is going to resign
A knows B know C have known D am to know
24 Although he has lived with us for years he ______ us much impression
A hadn’t left B didn’t leave C doesn’t leave D hasn’t left
25 how can you possibly miss the news It _____ on TV all day long
A has been B bad been C was D will be
26 — Sorry to have interrupted you Please go on
— Where was I
— You _____ you didn’t like your father’s job
A had said B said C were saying D had been saying
27 I arrived late I _____ the road to be so iey
A wouldn’t expect B haven’t expected C hadn’t expected D wasn’t expecting
28 I ______ while reading the English textbook Luckily my roommate woke me up in time
A had fallen asleep B have fallen asleep C fell asleep D fall asleep
29 Let’s keep to the point or we ______ any decisions
A will never reach B have never reached C never reach D never reached
30 My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I _____ half of it
A was missing B had missed C will miss D missed
答案解析
1B 根题意先排D 项回答方说明书现情况A项have prepare说明已准备C项prepare目前惯性动作B项瑞进行时表示动作示完性B 项佳答案
2B 句意：Lucy失业考虑重返校园现没决定根题意说话者说现情况排ACD三项B飞行员现完成进行时表示现事进行时强调考虑动作未完性佳答案
3C 句意：北京市市长说北京奥林区克建筑2006年完成题考查英语动词语态时态显然题应该动语态排BD根时间状语by2006应选择完成时选C
4A 题干中句Selecting a mobile phone …is no easy task谓语动词表示种含刻广泛意义现时间般现时态（…is no easy task）面状态句（because…）中说明原技术更新变化迅速应采现进行时：（technology）is changing(so rapidly)现进行时态表示种持续变化状态体现变化趋势发展进展
5D 题干分句（but…）转折语气句中现完成时态（I haven’t had time to play）表示new year直没乒乓球排选项B（will play）C（have played）推断前句中说状态含刻广泛意义现时间空中应该般现时态表达时间概念
6D 句意：参观者求触摸展品应该动形式
7D第空现完成时段时间状语连（for eight years）第二空：次晚会认识前见动作帮选D
8C 文知Ted已死属发生事情 动词kill讲应动关系选C
9A 题中设语境知句队员受伤应动作选A
10D话题干设语境处谈没发生事（you haven’t said a word…）话中Brenda 没朋友穿新衣早加赞赏方表示歉意sooner(at an earlier time)作附加状语传达十分重时间信息
处应表示行简单时面句子中现时态（I certainly think…）形成余选项时态…hasn’t written us recently
11A 前句中recently事句中动词民语气重提示：We should have heard from her by nowWe havent heard from her by now处讨该发生没发生事现完成时态：…hasn’t written us recently
12B marry终止性动词not…until句型中表示叔叔直四十五岁结婚
13D when句中通常般现时形式表时间
14B答语中since1990关键信息
15B 时间状语in the past five years现时间关
16D图书馆安静破须动语态情景中找出现关时间信息A错误
17C growas句里wait发生 题干前半句时间状语提供极重时间线索：All morning as she waited…表示段延续时间空中动词表示行（her nervousness grow）时进行处应般时
题中现时间相关两选项(A has grown B is growing)容易排D项（had grown）完成时态应表示特定时间前行语境符排
18B stay晨系动词法动形式
根题设空执着续形容词fresh判断选项动词stay系动词（to continue or remain in a place position or condition——COLLINS NEW ENGLISH DICTIONARY） 容易排A项（系动词权动语态）句意说话方提出建议（Why don’t you…？）然阐明（the meat will…）应该stay 般形式会进行式（C 项be staying）完成式（D项have stayed）
19D注意Mr Parker 里针Sorry joe件事 I didn’t mean to…件事前者正时刻发生应般现时句意：应称呼帕克先生忘吧题干选材话形式语境完整前者 Joe道歉者（joe）拒接受道歉认称呼Joe：套提醒警千方语气非常严厉
20B at this time tomorrow 指明某具体时间进行时
21A Ｔhe news came 前已知道进行时
22C but连接列句时态thought致
23A句子语no one谓语动词应单数
24D although句中has lived非常重时间住处说话意思：然起生活年（现）没留少印象里C项恰
25A根can形式（could）判断里谈纯粹显然时间
26C 语境中暗含着时间信息：断说话时候
27C arrive关键信息：（出发前）没预料路会滑里谈显然（started）（had expected）
28C根woke(wake 式)判断里谈现关排BD两项I读书期间睡着（while reading）前睡着A项恰
29A 句意：请偏离话题然话会取胜决定祈句and or 连常见说法：Turn left and you will find the bookstore左转会找书店里Listen to me or you will never succeed听话否会成功时谈will dobe going to do 表示区时will表意愿时者表示计划迹象例：
Give him the big apple or he oil not allow us to go with him
—Why didn’t you come to my birthday party
—I was going to but my wife returned
30D 句意：（时）没注意说话（现）觉讲话半没听题干句中透圳出时间信息三方：wasn’t was sayingI’m afraid做出选择重
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