题语境(五) 创新创业意识
阅读理解
A (2020·天津5月卷·B)
One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick＇s life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011
But after the operationSusan burst into tears for a different reason：across the cut on their newborn son＇s back was a sweet winter scenehanddrawn on his bandages(绷带)．
There were rolling hills of snowa pine tree and a snowman with a hat and broom she recalledIt was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my familyIt was a moment I＇ll never forget
Susan soon learned the artist was her son＇s surgeonRobert Parrywho discovered another way to use his hands in the mid1980s during his internship (实期) at a children＇s medical centerwhere he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children＇s bandages
My first reaction was＇What is he doing？Heythat＇s kind of neat＇ Parry recalledI especially liked the reactions of the parents and the patients when they saw his artwork The smiles took everyone＇s attention from the surgery Then I decided to follow suit
Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharksand started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients＇ personalities From Snoopy to SpiderMan and bears to butterfliesthere isn＇t much he hasn＇t drawn Most kids want superheroessports team logos or princesseswhile babies often receive scenes with flowerstrees and sea creatures During the last 30 yearsParry estimates he has left examples of his handiwork over the stitches (伤口缝线) of more than 10000 children
During a time of stress for familiesit＇s nice to be able to help them smile and laugh Parry saidThis is something positive that I can do for themwhich is what I like most about it
For Parrythe reward is knowing he hopefully made a difference in a child＇s life and except for his drawings on bandagesthey can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it he said
He＇s not ready to retirebut he＇s found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come
I＇ve taken up knitting (编织) Parry saidHatssweatersgloves－I enjoy it allBut mostlyI enjoy giving everything away
语篇解读 文篇记叙文作者讲述医生Robert Parry手术帮助病缓解压力独特方法－－绷带画画
1．Susan burst into tears after her baby＇s operation because she was ________．
A．moved B．amused
C．stressed D．heartbroken
A [推理判断题根第二段中But after the operationSusan burst into tears for a different reason：across the cut on their newborn son＇s back was a sweet winter scenehanddrawn on his bandages(绷带)．第三段中It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family推知Susan突然哭起原肯花时间家庭做暖心事感动A项正确]
2．How did Parry get the idea of decorating children＇s bandages
A．He was motivated by his patients
B．He was inspired by his colleague
C．He was required to learn the skill during his internship
D．He was encouraged by Susan to show his genius for art
B [细节理解题根第四段中where he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children＇s bandages第五段句Then I decided to follow suit知Parry装饰孩子绷带想法事里启发B项正确]
3．Parry＇s artworks during the last 30 years show that he ________．
A．devoted himself more to art than to medicine
B．knew more about his patients than their parents
C．took into consideration the tastes of individual patients
D．created a large number of works beyond his expectations
C [细节理解题根第六段中Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharksand started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients＇ personalitiesFrom Snoopy to SpiderMan and bears to butterfliesthere isn＇t much he hasn＇t drawnMost kids want superheroessports team logos or princesseswhile babies often receive scenes with flowerstrees and sea creatures知Parry根孩子喜画画例史努蜘蛛侠动植物公等说Parry进行艺术创作时病喜考虑C项正确]
4．What does Parry expect to achieve with his artworks
A．To get a reward from the artistic circle
B．To win the admiration of his colleagues
C．To make a difference in his dull medical career
D．To lift the spirits of his patients and their parents
D [细节理解题根第七段中＇During a time of stress for familiesit＇s nice to be able to help them smile and laugh＇Parry said＇This is something positive that I can do for themwhich is what I like most about it＇知Parry希作品帮助减轻病家压力振奋情绪D项正确]
5．What can we learn about Parry from the last two paragraphs of the passage
A．He is eager to show others his new skills
B．He enjoys trying new ways to help others
C．He is looking forward to life after retirement
D．He is more interested in knitting than drawing
B [推理判断题根倒数第二段中he＇s found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come段中I＇ve taken up knitting (编织)But mostlyI enjoy giving everything away知Parry找新爱开始编织喜欢编织东西送推知Parry喜欢尝试新方式帮助B项正确]
B (2019·北京卷·B)
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者) who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy By the time she was 13her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids＇ teethinstead of destroying them
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad On the outing she was offered a candy bar However her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth But Moore was sick of missing out on candiesSo she desired to get round the warning Why can＇t I make a healthy candy that＇s good for my teeth so that my parents can＇t say no to it？ With that in mind Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain
With her dad＇s permission she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning Consequently she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners which can reduce oral bacteria
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground Afterwards she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner who finally agreed to sell Moore＇s product－CanCandy
As CanCandy＇s success grows so does Moore＇s credibility as a young entrepreneur Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created and she＇s also positive about what the future might bring She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile
Meanwhile with her parents＇ help Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life Although she founded her company early on in life she wasn＇t driven primarily by profit Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles She donates 10 of AilieCandy＇s profits to Big Smiles With her talent and determination it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore
语篇解读 文篇记叙文文章讲述位少年创业成功事女孩Alice Moore面问题退缩想办法解决问题两年调研次实验终创业成功更孩子带健康微笑
6．How did Moore react to her dad＇s warning
A．She argued with him
B．She tried to find a way out
C．She paid no attention
D．She chose to consult dentists
B [推理判断题根题干中关键词warning直接定位第二段第五句该句表示Alice Moore想解决父亲提出问题愿意放弃享糖果机会B项试图找解决办法正确选项]
7．What is special about CanCandy
A．It is beneficial to dental health
B．It is free of sweeteners
C．It is sweeter than other candies
D．It is produced to a dentists＇ recipe
A [推理判断题CanCandy语篇线索性词汇Alice Moore公司研发新产品题干问CanCandy特处定位第三段第句根句容知口牙齿害A项益牙齿健康正确]
8．What does Moore expect from her business
A．To earn more money
B．To help others find smiles
C．To make herself stand out
D．To beat other candy companies
B [推理判断题根倒数第二段句She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile知Alice Moore希位朋友洁净牙齿灿烂笑容B项意帮助找笑容原文意思相符]
9．What can we learn from Alice Moore＇s story
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect
C．Positive thinking and action result in success
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied
C [推理判断题文章介绍Alice Moore年纪面问题退缩积极思考想办法解决问题勇创新创业成功事C项正确]
C (2018·江苏卷·B)
In the 1760s Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享) a special meat soup called consommé Although the main attraction was the soup Roze＇s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant
Today scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants Take visual hints that influence what we eat diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意利面食) when their plates matched their food When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty
Lighting matters too When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness they couldn＇t tell how much they＇d had those given extralarge shares ate more than everyone elsebut were none the wiser－they didn＇t feel fuller and they were just as ready for dessert
Time is money but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants Unlike fastfood places fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round put on some Mozart(莫扎特)．When classical rather than pop music was playing diners spent more Fast music hurried diners outParticular scents also have an effect diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon or no scent
Meanwhile things that you might expect to discourage spending－bad tables crowdinghigh prices － don＇t necessarily Diners at bad tables － next to the kitchen door say － spent nearly as much as others but soon fled It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not be overly concerned about ＇bad＇ tables given that they＇re profitable As for crowds a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant＇s reputation suggesting great food at fair prices And doubling a buffet＇s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier
语篇解读 文议文介绍现代餐馆面营困境解决方案介绍刺激消费食欲种方法餐厅餐错误认识
10．The underlined phrase none the wiser in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were ________．
A．not aware of eating more than usual
B．not willing to share food with others
C．not conscious of the food quality
D．not fond of the food provided
A [词义猜测题根文章第三段画线部分前句they couldn＇t tell how much they＇d had those given extralarge shares ate more than everyone else知黑暗中说清吃少根画线句子they didn＇t feel fuller and they were just as ready for dessert知然吃没感觉更饱然等着吃甜点没意识吃A正确]
11．How could a fine dining shop make more profit
A．Playing classical music
B．Introducing lemon scent
C．Making the light brighter
D．Using plates of larger size
A [细节理解题根第四段中When classical rather than pop music was playing diners spent more知演奏古典音乐流行音乐时候食客会花更钱spent more题干中make more profit语意转化选A项]
12．What does the last paragraph talk about
A．Tips to attract more customers
B．Problems restaurants are faced with
C．Ways to improve restaurants＇ reputation
D．Common misunderstandings about restaurants
D [段落意题根文章段第句Meanwhile things that you might expect to discourage spending－＇bad＇ tables crowdinghigh prices － don＇t necessarily知认会影响消费素位置桌位拥挤高价等定会真影响消费然次举例进行证明段讲饭店误解选D]
D (2017·全国卷Ⅰ·D)
A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available Developed by two doctors in the U．SDepartment of Agricultureit＇s an excellent water collectorUnfortunatelyyou must carry the necessary equipment with yousince it＇s all but impossible to find natural substitutesThe only components requiredthoughare a 5′×5′ sheet of clear or slightly milky plasticsix feet of plastic tubeand a container－perhaps just a drinking cup－to catch the water These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt
To construct a working stilluse a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher＇s productivity Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up－and out－the side of the hole
Nextcover the hole with the plastic sheetsecuring the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet＇s center down with a rock The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体)with 45degreeangled sides The low point of the sheet must be centered directly overand no more than three inches abovethe cup
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plasticGround water evaporates(蒸发)and collects on the sheet until small drops of water formrun down the materialand fall off into the cup When the container is fullyou can suck the refreshment out through the tubeand won＇t have to break down the still every time you need a drink
语篇解读 文篇说明文文章介绍制太阳蒸馏器便野外获取饮水
13．What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph
A．It＇s delicate B．It＇s expensive
C．It＇s complex D．It＇s portable
D [推理判断题根第段中These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt知东西折叠放进包中系腰带知太阳蒸馏器装置便携选D项A项中delicate意易碎B项中expensive意昂贵C项中complex意复杂均符合文意]
14．What does the underlined phrasethe water catcherin Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The tube B．The still
C．The hole D．The cup
B [推理判断题根第二段中描述知制作蒸馏器装置需挖四英尺宽三英尺深洞量潮湿方挖洞提高the water catcher产量结合全文知提高应该整蒸馏器装置生产力选B项题易误选D项结合全文知生产力整装置作中部分杯子]
15．What is the last step of constructing a working solar still
A．Dig a hole of a certain size
B．Put the cup in place
C．Weight the sheet＇s center down
D．Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
C [细节理解题根倒数第二段中weighting the sheet＇s center down with a rock知步石块塑料板中心位置压选C项ABD三项曲解文意A项挖定尺寸洞B项杯子放正确位置D项塑料板盖洞均制作蒸馏器装置步]
16．When a solar still worksdrops of water come into the cup from ________．
A．the plastic tube B．outside the hole
C．the open air D．beneath the sheet
D [细节理解题根段知水蒸发塑料板方凝结成水滴然坠落杯子里选D项ABC三项曲解文意根段知水滴塑料试洞外面露天进入杯子中]
1．surgery n．外科手术
2．operation n 手术操作
3．handdrawn adj 手绘
4．bandage n 绷带
5．broom n．扫帚
6．extremely adv 非常极
7．surgeon n 外科医生
8．shark n 鲨鱼
9．neat adj 整洁整齐
10．handiwork n．手工(艺)手工(艺)制品
11．consequently adv 结果
12．generate v．发生产生
13．substitute n．代物
14．component n．成分部件
15．sheet n 薄片薄板床单
16．damp adj 潮湿
17．suck v 吸吮吸取
1．recall v 回忆回想
2．center v 集中 n 中心中央
3．personality n 性性格
4．estimate v 估计判断
5．savings n．储蓄存款
6．enthusiastic adj热心
7．reputation n．名声声誉声
8 sharp adj 锋利强烈急剧
9．weight v 加重量变重
n．重量重力
1．retire vi退休离开→retirement n．退休引退→retired adj 退休退役
2．permit vt&vi许 允许 准许n通行证 许证 执→ permission n．许
3．agree vi意→disagree vi意→ agreement n．协议意致
4．profit n 利润利益→profitable adj 利图赚钱
5．produce vt生产→production n．生产制造→ producer n．生产者制片→product n 产品作品→productivity n．生产力生产率
6．establish v．建立创立确立→established adj已确立→establishment n．建立创立确立
7．equip vt&vi配备装备→equipment n．设备(数)
8．fold v．折叠折 →unfold v 展开开
9．fresh adj 新鲜清新淡水→refresh v 更新……恢复……清新消……疲劳 vi 恢复精神喝饮料吃点心补充养→refreshment n 饮料点心提神东西
1．burst into tears 突然哭起
2．kind of 点分
3．make a difference 影响关系起作
4．in the years to come 年里未年里
5 lift the spirits of 振奋……精神
6．be sick of 厌倦……
7．dine out 外出餐
[时演练]单句语法填空
1．It is estimated (estimate) that he has gone abroad for further education
2．A year after his retirement (retire) he began to work as a businessman
3．Plans for a peace conference failed due to the disagreement (agreement) on who should be allowed to attend Up to now they still don＇t agree with each other
4．I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible I hope my behaviors will make a difference
5．Time permitting(permit) I expect to take part in more activities where we can have our friendship strengthened
6．Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods they have been able to use less farmland to produce more crops
7．He folded his arms and lowered his head as usual before he was in deep thought
8．This famous company has produced(produce) twice as many electric vehicles this year as last year
9．Hearing the bad news that their son died in the earthquake the couple burst into tears
Ⅰ熟词生义(写出句中黑体词汉语意思)
1．One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick＇s life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011 轮物推动
2．So she desired to get round the warning Why can＇t I make a healthy candy that＇s good for my teeth so that my parents can＇t say no to it？避开
Ⅱ似易实难(句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．The smiles took everyone＇s attention from the surgeryThen I decided to follow suit
[译文] 微笑吸引诊疗室注意力然决定效仿
2．When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white onecustomers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty
[译文] 深色蛋糕黑盘子白盘子盛着端桌时顾客公认更香甜口
Ⅲ复杂晦涩(分析句子结构译成汉语)
1．He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain
[分析] He recommended that 引导宾语句动词recommend(建议)that 句中谓语动词应该should do形式should省略that 句中包含宾语句what a healthier candy would contain作介词about宾语
[译文] 建议做研究牙科医生探讨更健康糖果会含什成分
2．With her dad＇s permission she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly
[分析] 句中句spend time doing结构中and连接两列动作researchingconducting that引导定语句修饰先行词a recipe句中作语
[译文] 美味牙齿益配方父亲允许花两年时间进行线调研试验
3．A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available
[分析] 句复合句句A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas中定式短语作置定语修饰one of the best wayswhere the liquid is not readily available定语句修饰先行词areas
[译文] 易获取饮水方建太阳蒸馏器获饮水佳方式
4．Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up－and out－the side of the hole
[分析] 句复合句句lay the tube in place祈句so that引导结果状语句该句and连接列句
[译文] 然子放适方子端完全放杯子里剩余部分延伸坑外部
1．inspire v．赋予灵感启示启迪激励鼓舞
(1)inspire hopeloyaltyenthusiasm in sb燃起某希唤起某忠诚激发某热情
(2)激励某……
(3)inspired adj受鼓舞灵感
inspiring adj鼓舞心
(4)inspiration n 灵感
be an inspiration to sb 某鼓舞
inspire a strong desire for discovery激起强烈探索欲
listening to his inspiring speech 聆听鼓舞心演讲
inspired us with her will and enthusiasm
意志热情激励
gave us not only hope but also inspiration希热情
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①Inspired(inspire) by the speech the little girl made up her mind to work even harder
②Dreams can be rich sources of inspiration (inspire) for an artist
③I was struck by his inspiring (inspire)words and I decided to make efforts to improve my English
④What inspired him to give (give) such a brilliant performance
[力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：Other zoologists were inspired by her example they have begun working with apes in the wild
高级表达：Inspired by her example other zoologists have begun working with apes in the wild (分词短语作状语)
2．treat vt& vi 治疗款 n．款招
(1)treat sblikeas某……
treat sthseriously 认真某事某物
treat sboneself to ……款某(2)It＇s my treat请客
(3)treatment n．治疗处理
treat sb fairly公正某
treat an illness 治疗疾病
the course of treatment疗程
[联想发散] cure v．治愈治疗改正解决 n．治愈治疗疗法措施常搭配：cure sb of 治某病改掉某坏惯
a cure for ……治疗方法……解决办法
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①If you think that treating(treat) a woman well means always getting her permission for thingsthink again
②Now I try to treat everyone with respectno matter who I think they are
③After years of regular treatment (treat) she finally became healthy
[力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：If the patient was treated in a proper way he was likely to be saved
①高级表达：If treated in a proper waythe patient was likely to be saved(省略句)
②高级表达：Treated in a proper waythe patient was likely to be saved(分词作状语)
3．warn vt警告告诫
(1)warn sbofabout sth警告提醒某心某事
warn sbagainst sb警告提醒某提防某
warn sbnot to do sth＝ warn sbagainst (doing) sth警告某做某事
(2)warning n．警告提醒
warn us of the current serious situation
提醒前严重形势
warn him not to walk on the thin ice 警告薄冰走
be warned against climbing the mountain in such bad weather
警告恶劣天气登山
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①He warned us ofabout the serious situation that we were confronted with
②The police warned the holidaymakers against car thieves
③We＇ve just heard a warning(warn) on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way
[力提升]－－句译
老师警告手机带进考场
①The teacher warned us not to carry mobile phones into the examination room(not)
②The teacher warned us against carrying mobile phones into the examination room(against)
4．prefer vt更喜欢选择某事物(选择事物)
(1)prefer (doing) sthto (doing) sth宁愿……愿……
prefer (sb) to do sth更喜欢(某)做……
(2)宁愿做……
愿做……
(3)preference n．偏爱 优先权 偏爱事物
prefer jazz to rock music 喜欢爵士乐远胜摇滚乐
prefer coffee black 更喜欢加奶咖啡
prefer you to stay 想留
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month
②Some people prefer to do(do) almost everything over the Internet
③I prefer my English classes to be given(give) in English only
④People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at an early age and these preferences affect learning(prefer)
[力提升]－－句译
孩子宁愿骑行车乡愿整天家里
①The children preferred cycling to the countryside to staying indoors all day
②The children preferred to cycle to the countryside rather than stay indoors all day
③The children would rather cycle to the countryside than stay indoors all day
④The children would cycle to the countryside rather than stay indoors all day
5．effect n．结果效力
(1)have an effect onupon……影响
bringcarryputinto effect实施 生效
comego into effect开始生效 开始实施
take effect 生效开始实施
(2)effective adj效
(3)affect vt影响感动侵袭
be affected by……侵袭……感动
be affected with high fever发高烧
cause and effect果
side effect副作
take effective steps采取效措施
have a great effect on hundreds of plants around the world
世界数百种植物物种产生重影响
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①The new law will come into effect in 2022 surely it will have an effect on the industry of the country
②It won＇t be easy to put the changes into effect so we must make every effort to do it
③While running regularly can＇t make you live forever the review says it is more effective(effect) at lengthening life than walking cycling or swimming
④ Affected (affect) with a serious diseasehe was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery
[力提升]－－词汇升级句式升级
普通表达：Smoking is bad for your health so you＇d better give it up
①高级表达：Smoking affectshas a bad effect on your health so you＇d better give it up
②高级表达：You＇d better give up smoking which affectshas a bad effect on your health(非限制性定语句)
6．cover vt包含涉覆盖掩盖行走(路程)采访报道占(段时间空间)(钱)足支付 n．封面(底)盖子
[词义]－－写出列句中cover含义
①The talks are expected to cover other topics too包含涉
②Lots of reporters were assigned to cover the football matches报道采访
③As the capital city of China Beijing covers a land of 16000 square kilometers with a population of 20 million占(空间)
④During the summer camp children will be instructed by the teacher to cover 30 miles a day行走(路程)
⑤Do you have enough to cover all your daily expenses？足支付
[名师点津] cover(采访)象事interview(采访)象
cover with ……盖住……
be covered with ……覆盖着(强调状态)
be covered by ……覆盖(强调动作)
cover an area of 占面积……
be covered with heavy snow 厚厚积雪覆盖
cover the Olympic events 报道奥运赛事
cover an area of 4 000 square meters 占面积4 000方米
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything with sand
②Then covering(cover) her face with her hands she broke away and ran quickly up the stairs
[力提升]－－完成句子句式升级
座城市占面积7 434方千米口约10000000
①普通表达：The city covers an area of 7 434 square kilometers and has a population of ten million
②高级表达：The city has a population of ten million covering an area of 7434 square kilometers(现分词短语作状语)
1．A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available
动手建造太阳蒸馏器方便获取饮水方获饮水方法
[句型公式] 处way接动词定式作定语表示做……方法
(1)动词定式作定语常修饰abilitychanceopportunitydesireambitionofferanxietyattempt等抽象名词
(2)中心词序数词序数词形容词高级the nextthe onlythe last等修饰时常定式作置定语
[名师点津] way定语三种形式：to doof doing定语句
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①The only way to succeed (succeed) at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the sports field
②If I have any further news you will be the first person to know (know) it
③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact (contact) you failed
④The ability to express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself
[力提升]－－完成句子
①学校第赢竞赛学生
I＇m the first student in our school to win the contest．
②付煤气中毒方法开门窗新鲜空气进
The way to deal with being poisoned by the gas is to open the doors and windows to let the fresh air in
2．When the container is full you can suck the refreshment out through the tube and won＇t have to break down the still every time you need a drink
容器满时候通子饮料吸出次需喝东西时候蒸馏器拆掉
[句型公式] every time作连词引导时间状语句
(1)作连词引导时间状语句名词短语：the moment the instant the minute any time the next time the first time the last time the day等
(2)连词immediately directly等引导时间状语句意…… ……
[名师点津] the first time作连词引导时间状语句意第次……时for the first time介词短语作状语意第次
[金句推送] (浙江卷)Every time you eat a sweet drink green tea This is what my mother used to tell me
妈妈常常告诉次吃糖果时喝杯绿茶
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①For example the moment you get on the airplane start adjusting your biological clock to the destination＇s time
②I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice immediately(immediate) I picked up the phone
③So instead of giving us answers immediately she encourages us to think(think) carefully every time she puts forward questions
④I knew that Jane was a quiet and determined girl the first time I saw her in class
[力提升]－－完成句子
次想放弃时候提醒养家糊口
Every time he felt like giving uphe reminded himself that he had a family to support
夯基固·知识落实
Ⅰ词正确形式填空
1．The teacher inspires his students to give (give)their opinions actively even though they are different from his own
2．More than one doctor has warned the patient that without proper treatment(treat) the disease will lead to lung failure
3．When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster many teachers would prefer to see (see)him step aside in favour of younger men
4．Taking exercise not only helps to build up our healthbut also helps us learn more effectively (effective) in turn
5．It is so cold that you can＇t go outside unless fully covered(cover) in thick clothes
Ⅱ空白处填入适词
1．My father warned me against going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists
2．The new law will come into effect next month
3．No matter what you like to do there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day
4．She said she was sick of her life of excess
5．Most people believe the best way of building a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals
强技提·知识应
Ⅰ完形填空
During his freshman year at Columbia UniversitySanford Greenberg stood on campus with his classmateArthur GarfunkelSanfordlook at the 1 ．You see the colors？The shapes？Arthur askedSanford was 2 because other guys talked about trips and sportsbut Arthur wanted to talk about grass
Was there a 3 guy on campus than Sanford Here he wasa poor kid from BuffaloNew York on a full scholarshiptaking classes from masters such as physicist Leon Lederman and poet Mark Van Doren
But in 1960Sanford＇s fortunes 4 ．He was playing baseball when suddenly he couldn＇t 5 very clearlyHe had to 6 on the grass until his eyesight returnedAt first he didn＇t believe it was anything 7 ．
But when Sanford went back to Buffalo 8 there told him he had a very serious eye diseaseThey operated on his eyesbut he was still going 9 ．He was so sad that he 10 to meet anyone from college
HoweverArthur 11 Sanford to go back to study at ColumbiaIn September 1961Sanford returned to campusBut he was 12 about getting around alone and depended on Arthur to help him
Thenone afternoonSanford and Arthur went to ManhattanWhen it was time to go back to the 13 Arthur said he had an important meeting and couldn＇t go with SanfordThey 14 for the first timeand Arthur walked offleaving Sanford aloneIt took Sanford a long time to get back to schoolBut as he arrived at the university gatesomeone almost 15 him
Sorrysir
Sanford knew the 16 ．It was Arthur＇sSanford was angry at firstbut then he 17 what Arthur had done
It was one of the most 18 ideasSanford saidArthurof coursehad been 19 me the whole way
After graduation with greater 20 than othersSanford got his MBA from Columbia and a PhDfrom Harvard and went on to become a successful inventor and businessman
语篇解读 桑福德学期间突然患严重眼疾拒绝见学朋友亚瑟鼓励重新回校园学回校敢独出行赖亚瑟帮助次亚瑟想出意桑福德独走回学校结果证明亚瑟意桑福德成名成功发明家商
1．Aclouds B．grass
C．trees D．baseball
B [根文中Arthur wanted to talk about grass知亚瑟想谈草知桑福德草]
2．Aexcited B．disappointed
C．surprised D．worried
C [空表述谈旅行运动亚瑟想谈草推知桑福德觉奇怪surprised觉奇怪]
3．Aluckier B．friendlier
C．smarter D．kinder
A [根空句知桑福德纽约州布法罗穷孩子着全额奖学金着师课知处表示桑福德更幸运]
4．Aimproved B．remained
C．arrived D．changed
D [根文表述桑福德幸运文表述桑福德患严重眼疾推知处表示桑福德命运发生改变]
5．Ahear B．smell
C．see D．speak
C [根文中until his eyesight returned知棒球时桑福德突然清东西躺草直视力恢复]
6．Alie down B．jump up
C．walk away D．run along
A [参见题解析A项意躺A项正确]
7．Adifficult B．serious
C．new D．usual
B [根文中Buta very serious eye disease结合该句中At first he didn＇t believe知开始认什严重问题]
8．Ateachers B．friends
C．relatives D．doctors
D [根语境结合常识知桑福德回布法罗时候里医生告诉种非常严重眼疾]
9．Ablind B．deaf
C．wrong D．crazy
A [根语境空句表述难拒绝见学知眼睛进行手术会失明]
10．Aplanned B．forgot
C．refused D．wished
C [参见题解析]
11．Areminded B．persuaded
C．forced D．allowed
B [根文中Sanford returned to campus知亚瑟说服桑福德重新回哥伦亚学学persuade sbto do sth固定法意说服某做某事B项正确]
12．Acertain B．angry
C．nervous D．calm
C [根该句中depended on Arthur to help him知桑福德然重返校园严重眼疾敢出赖亚瑟帮助C项意惶恐C项正确]
13．Acampus B．hospital
C．station D．company
A [根语境文中he arrived at the university gate知天午桑福德亚瑟曼哈顿该回校园时亚瑟说重会议参加桑福德起回]
14．Aagreed B．estimated
C．discussed D．argued
D [根该句中Arthur walked offleaving Sanford alone知 第次发生争吵亚瑟愤然离留桑福德独]
15．Ashouted at B．knocked down
C．looked for D．laughed at
B [根文中Sorrysir推知桑福德校门口时差点撞倒B项意撞倒B项正确]
16．Alook B．figure
C．voice D．gesture
C [根文中Sorrysir知说起先生推知桑福德知道亚瑟声音]
17．Adoubted B．realized
C．believed D．wondered
B [根语境知桑福德开始感恼怒理解亚瑟做切]
18．Aannoying B．awful
C．useless D．brilliant
D [根语境文中Sanford was angry at firstbut then he ________ what Arthur had done知桑福德说亚瑟独回学校绝妙意]
19．Amisleading B．showing
C．guiding D．following
D [根语境知亚瑟路着桑福德D项意着D项正确A项意误导C项意指引指导语境符]
20．Aefforts B．loss
C．burden D．failure
A [根语境结合文描述桑福德患严重眼疾知付出更努力桑福德获哥伦亚学工商理学硕士学位哈佛学博士学位成位成功发明家商]
Ⅱ语法填空
When we read a poemwe often imagine what the poets 1________(think) when they wrote or what they were doing at the timeThese thoughts let us connect with the words betteras if we＇d created the poem 2________(we)．Will a poem still mean as much if a computer writes it
By 3________(use) algorithms (演算法)computers can now create all kinds of textsincluding research papersbooksnewsstories and even poemsComputergenerated poems might be correct in both grammar and style4________ some say they still lack 5________(create) and true meaning
Australian researcher Oscar Schwartz created a website 6________(call) bot or not．On his siteyou can read poems and guess whether they 7________ (write) by a human or a computerSchwartz recently gave a speech at TEDx Sydneyin 8________ he stated that some of the website＇s poems were able to 9________(foolish) 65 percent of human readersHe said that on his websitehe hoped people would question the difference between humans and machines－and be able to identify 10________ makes us human
语篇解读 读诗时候会容易诗产生鸣澳利亚研究员Oscar Schwartz创建计算机写诗网站法否行呢？
1．were thinking [考查动词时态句意：读首诗时通常会想象诗写诗时候正想什者时候正做什根句意知处表示某时刻正做某事应进行时空处what they were doing列填were thinking]
2．ourselves [考查代词句意：想法更文字联系起创作首诗根句意知处表示填ourselves]
3．using [考查动名词介词名词代词动名词填using]
4．butyet [考查连词空前意电脑创作诗语法风格正确空意说样诗缺乏创造性真实意义根句意知前句间转折关系填butyet]
5．creativitycreativeness [考查词性转换根空and true meaning结合语境知空处true meaning构成列关系填creativitycreativeness处表示缺乏创造性真实意义]
6．called [考查非谓语动词分析句子结构知动词call逻辑语a website构成动宾关系分词形式作定语]
7．were writtenare written [考查动词语态时态分析句子结构知动词write语间动宾关系动语态动作发生现常性发生般时般现时均填were writtenare written]
8．which [考查定语句分析句子结构知空处引导非限制性定语句空处指代先行词a speech指物which引导该句]
9．fool [考查词性转换根空前were able to语境知处表示网站诗够骗65读者处应该动词填fool]
10．what [考查宾语句分析句子结构知空处引导宾语句作物动词identify宾语空处句中作语填what]
话题写作
Step 1写作点(根汉语提示补全英文句子)
①Philip谨慎美国蔬菜水果商发明款新式行车
Philip was a cautious American greengrocer He invented a new style bicycle
②专利局电话新产品申请专利久获专利
He called up the patent office to apply for a patent for his new product Soon he got the patent for his new product
③实际程中发现新产品没达标准
But laterhe found his new product didn＇t live up to the criteria in the process of practical use
④开始抓住机会改善新式行车
He began to seize the chance to improve his new bicycle
⑤忍受指责期产品受住检验
He endured criticism and was in the expectation that his new product could bear the test．
⑥样收入稳定增长
In this way his income had a stable increase．
Step 2表达升级(改变句子结构表达升级)
①定语句升级句①
Philip was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style bicycle．
②词组set about升级句④中began to
He set about seizing the chance to improve his new bicycle
Step 3衔接成文(利恰渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Philip was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style bicycle At oncehe called up the patent office to apply for a patent for his new product Soon he got the patent for his new product But laterhe found his new product didn＇t live up to the criteria in the process of practical use He set about seizing the chance to improve his new bicycle He endured criticism and was in the expectation that his new product could bear the test In this way his income had a stable increase
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阅读理解
A (2020·天津5月卷·B)
One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick＇s life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011
But after the operationSusan burst into tears for a different reason：across the cut on their newborn son＇s back was a sweet winter scenehanddrawn on his bandages(绷带)．
There were rolling hills of snowa pine tree and a snowman with a hat and broom she recalledIt was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my familyIt was a moment I＇ll never forget
Susan soon learned the artist was her son＇s surgeonRobert Parrywho discovered another way to use his hands in the mid1980s during his internship (实期) at a children＇s medical centerwhere he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children＇s bandages
My first reaction was＇What is he doing？Heythat＇s kind of neat＇ Parry recalledI especially liked the reactions of the parents and the patients when they saw his artwork The smiles took everyone＇s attention from the surgery Then I decided to follow suit
Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharksand started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients＇ personalities From Snoopy to SpiderMan and bears to butterfliesthere isn＇t much he hasn＇t drawn Most kids want superheroessports team logos or princesseswhile babies often receive scenes with flowerstrees and sea creatures During the last 30 yearsParry estimates he has left examples of his handiwork over the stitches (伤口缝线) of more than 10000 children
During a time of stress for familiesit＇s nice to be able to help them smile and laugh Parry saidThis is something positive that I can do for themwhich is what I like most about it
For Parrythe reward is knowing he hopefully made a difference in a child＇s life and except for his drawings on bandagesthey can go on and live their lives and never know I was in it he said
He＇s not ready to retirebut he＇s found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come
I＇ve taken up knitting (编织) Parry saidHatssweatersgloves－I enjoy it allBut mostlyI enjoy giving everything away
语篇解读 文篇记叙文作者讲述医生Robert Parry手术帮助病缓解压力独特方法－－绷带画画
1．Susan burst into tears after her baby＇s operation because she was ________．
A．moved B．amused
C．stressed D．heartbroken
A [推理判断题根第二段中But after the operationSusan burst into tears for a different reason：across the cut on their newborn son＇s back was a sweet winter scenehanddrawn on his bandages(绷带)．第三段中It was extremely touching and comforting to know that somebody had taken the time to do that for my family推知Susan突然哭起原肯花时间家庭做暖心事感动A项正确]
2．How did Parry get the idea of decorating children＇s bandages
A．He was motivated by his patients
B．He was inspired by his colleague
C．He was required to learn the skill during his internship
D．He was encouraged by Susan to show his genius for art
B [细节理解题根第四段中where he saw one of his colleagues cut out heart and shark shapes to decorate children＇s bandages第五段句Then I decided to follow suit知Parry装饰孩子绷带想法事里启发B项正确]
3．Parry＇s artworks during the last 30 years show that he ________．
A．devoted himself more to art than to medicine
B．knew more about his patients than their parents
C．took into consideration the tastes of individual patients
D．created a large number of works beyond his expectations
C [细节理解题根第六段中Parry quickly graduated from his early hearts and sharksand started to surprise families with drawings that captured young patients＇ personalitiesFrom Snoopy to SpiderMan and bears to butterfliesthere isn＇t much he hasn＇t drawnMost kids want superheroessports team logos or princesseswhile babies often receive scenes with flowerstrees and sea creatures知Parry根孩子喜画画例史努蜘蛛侠动植物公等说Parry进行艺术创作时病喜考虑C项正确]
4．What does Parry expect to achieve with his artworks
A．To get a reward from the artistic circle
B．To win the admiration of his colleagues
C．To make a difference in his dull medical career
D．To lift the spirits of his patients and their parents
D [细节理解题根第七段中＇During a time of stress for familiesit＇s nice to be able to help them smile and laugh＇Parry said＇This is something positive that I can do for themwhich is what I like most about it＇知Parry希作品帮助减轻病家压力振奋情绪D项正确]
5．What can we learn about Parry from the last two paragraphs of the passage
A．He is eager to show others his new skills
B．He enjoys trying new ways to help others
C．He is looking forward to life after retirement
D．He is more interested in knitting than drawing
B [推理判断题根倒数第二段中he＇s found a new hobby to keep his hands skillful in the years to come段中I＇ve taken up knitting (编织)But mostlyI enjoy giving everything away知Parry找新爱开始编织喜欢编织东西送推知Parry喜欢尝试新方式帮助B项正确]
B (2019·北京卷·B)
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者) who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy By the time she was 13her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids＇ teethinstead of destroying them
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad On the outing she was offered a candy bar However her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth But Moore was sick of missing out on candiesSo she desired to get round the warning Why can＇t I make a healthy candy that＇s good for my teeth so that my parents can＇t say no to it？ With that in mind Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain
With her dad＇s permission she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning Consequently she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners which can reduce oral bacteria
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground Afterwards she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner who finally agreed to sell Moore＇s product－CanCandy
As CanCandy＇s success grows so does Moore＇s credibility as a young entrepreneur Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created and she＇s also positive about what the future might bring She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile
Meanwhile with her parents＇ help Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life Although she founded her company early on in life she wasn＇t driven primarily by profit Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles She donates 10 of AilieCandy＇s profits to Big Smiles With her talent and determination it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore
语篇解读 文篇记叙文文章讲述位少年创业成功事女孩Alice Moore面问题退缩想办法解决问题两年调研次实验终创业成功更孩子带健康微笑
6．How did Moore react to her dad＇s warning
A．She argued with him
B．She tried to find a way out
C．She paid no attention
D．She chose to consult dentists
B [推理判断题根题干中关键词warning直接定位第二段第五句该句表示Alice Moore想解决父亲提出问题愿意放弃享糖果机会B项试图找解决办法正确选项]
7．What is special about CanCandy
A．It is beneficial to dental health
B．It is free of sweeteners
C．It is sweeter than other candies
D．It is produced to a dentists＇ recipe
A [推理判断题CanCandy语篇线索性词汇Alice Moore公司研发新产品题干问CanCandy特处定位第三段第句根句容知口牙齿害A项益牙齿健康正确]
8．What does Moore expect from her business
A．To earn more money
B．To help others find smiles
C．To make herself stand out
D．To beat other candy companies
B [推理判断题根倒数第二段句She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile知Alice Moore希位朋友洁净牙齿灿烂笑容B项意帮助找笑容原文意思相符]
9．What can we learn from Alice Moore＇s story
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect
C．Positive thinking and action result in success
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied
C [推理判断题文章介绍Alice Moore年纪面问题退缩积极思考想办法解决问题勇创新创业成功事C项正确]
C (2018·江苏卷·B)
In the 1760s Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享) a special meat soup called consommé Although the main attraction was the soup Roze＇s chain shops also set a new standard for dining out which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant
Today scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants Take visual hints that influence what we eat diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意利面食) when their plates matched their food When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty
Lighting matters too When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness they couldn＇t tell how much they＇d had those given extralarge shares ate more than everyone elsebut were none the wiser－they didn＇t feel fuller and they were just as ready for dessert
Time is money but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants Unlike fastfood places fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round put on some Mozart(莫扎特)．When classical rather than pop music was playing diners spent more Fast music hurried diners outParticular scents also have an effect diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon or no scent
Meanwhile things that you might expect to discourage spending－bad tables crowdinghigh prices － don＇t necessarily Diners at bad tables － next to the kitchen door say － spent nearly as much as others but soon fled It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not be overly concerned about ＇bad＇ tables given that they＇re profitable As for crowds a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant＇s reputation suggesting great food at fair prices And doubling a buffet＇s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier
语篇解读 文议文介绍现代餐馆面营困境解决方案介绍刺激消费食欲种方法餐厅餐错误认识
10．The underlined phrase none the wiser in Paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were ________．
A．not aware of eating more than usual
B．not willing to share food with others
C．not conscious of the food quality
D．not fond of the food provided
A [词义猜测题根文章第三段画线部分前句they couldn＇t tell how much they＇d had those given extralarge shares ate more than everyone else知黑暗中说清吃少根画线句子they didn＇t feel fuller and they were just as ready for dessert知然吃没感觉更饱然等着吃甜点没意识吃A正确]
11．How could a fine dining shop make more profit
A．Playing classical music
B．Introducing lemon scent
C．Making the light brighter
D．Using plates of larger size
A [细节理解题根第四段中When classical rather than pop music was playing diners spent more知演奏古典音乐流行音乐时候食客会花更钱spent more题干中make more profit语意转化选A项]
12．What does the last paragraph talk about
A．Tips to attract more customers
B．Problems restaurants are faced with
C．Ways to improve restaurants＇ reputation
D．Common misunderstandings about restaurants
D [段落意题根文章段第句Meanwhile things that you might expect to discourage spending－＇bad＇ tables crowdinghigh prices － don＇t necessarily知认会影响消费素位置桌位拥挤高价等定会真影响消费然次举例进行证明段讲饭店误解选D]
D (2017·全国卷Ⅰ·D)
A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available Developed by two doctors in the U．SDepartment of Agricultureit＇s an excellent water collectorUnfortunatelyyou must carry the necessary equipment with yousince it＇s all but impossible to find natural substitutesThe only components requiredthoughare a 5′×5′ sheet of clear or slightly milky plasticsix feet of plastic tubeand a container－perhaps just a drinking cup－to catch the water These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt
To construct a working stilluse a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher＇s productivity Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up－and out－the side of the hole
Nextcover the hole with the plastic sheetsecuring the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet＇s center down with a rock The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体)with 45degreeangled sides The low point of the sheet must be centered directly overand no more than three inches abovethe cup
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plasticGround water evaporates(蒸发)and collects on the sheet until small drops of water formrun down the materialand fall off into the cup When the container is fullyou can suck the refreshment out through the tubeand won＇t have to break down the still every time you need a drink
语篇解读 文篇说明文文章介绍制太阳蒸馏器便野外获取饮水
13．What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph
A．It＇s delicate B．It＇s expensive
C．It＇s complex D．It＇s portable
D [推理判断题根第段中These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt知东西折叠放进包中系腰带知太阳蒸馏器装置便携选D项A项中delicate意易碎B项中expensive意昂贵C项中complex意复杂均符合文意]
14．What does the underlined phrasethe water catcherin Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The tube B．The still
C．The hole D．The cup
B [推理判断题根第二段中描述知制作蒸馏器装置需挖四英尺宽三英尺深洞量潮湿方挖洞提高the water catcher产量结合全文知提高应该整蒸馏器装置生产力选B项题易误选D项结合全文知生产力整装置作中部分杯子]
15．What is the last step of constructing a working solar still
A．Dig a hole of a certain size
B．Put the cup in place
C．Weight the sheet＇s center down
D．Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
C [细节理解题根倒数第二段中weighting the sheet＇s center down with a rock知步石块塑料板中心位置压选C项ABD三项曲解文意A项挖定尺寸洞B项杯子放正确位置D项塑料板盖洞均制作蒸馏器装置步]
16．When a solar still worksdrops of water come into the cup from ________．
A．the plastic tube B．outside the hole
C．the open air D．beneath the sheet
D [细节理解题根段知水蒸发塑料板方凝结成水滴然坠落杯子里选D项ABC三项曲解文意根段知水滴塑料试洞外面露天进入杯子中]
1．surgery n．外科手术
2．operation n 手术操作
3．handdrawn adj 手绘
4．bandage n 绷带
5．broom n．扫帚
6．extremely adv 非常极
7．surgeon n 外科医生
8．shark n 鲨鱼
9．neat adj 整洁整齐
10．handiwork n．手工(艺)手工(艺)制品
11．consequently adv 结果
12．generate v．发生产生
13．substitute n．代物
14．component n．成分部件
15．sheet n 薄片薄板床单
16．damp adj 潮湿
17．suck v 吸吮吸取
1．recall v 回忆回想
2．center v 集中 n 中心中央
3．personality n 性性格
4．estimate v 估计判断
5．savings n．储蓄存款
6．enthusiastic adj热心
7．reputation n．名声声誉声
8 sharp adj 锋利强烈急剧
9．weight v 加重量变重
n．重量重力
1．retire vi退休离开→retirement n．退休引退→retired adj 退休退役
2．permit vt&vi许 允许 准许n通行证 许证 执→ permission n．许
3．agree vi意→disagree vi意→ agreement n．协议意致
4．profit n 利润利益→profitable adj 利图赚钱
5．produce vt生产→production n．生产制造→ producer n．生产者制片→product n 产品作品→productivity n．生产力生产率
6．establish v．建立创立确立→established adj已确立→establishment n．建立创立确立
7．equip vt&vi配备装备→equipment n．设备(数)
8．fold v．折叠折 →unfold v 展开开
9．fresh adj 新鲜清新淡水→refresh v 更新……恢复……清新消……疲劳 vi 恢复精神喝饮料吃点心补充养→refreshment n 饮料点心提神东西
1．burst into tears 突然哭起
2．kind of 点分
3．make a difference 影响关系起作
4．in the years to come 年里未年里
5 lift the spirits of 振奋……精神
6．be sick of 厌倦……
7．dine out 外出餐
[时演练]单句语法填空
1．It is estimated (estimate) that he has gone abroad for further education
2．A year after his retirement (retire) he began to work as a businessman
3．Plans for a peace conference failed due to the disagreement (agreement) on who should be allowed to attend Up to now they still don＇t agree with each other
4．I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible I hope my behaviors will make a difference
5．Time permitting(permit) I expect to take part in more activities where we can have our friendship strengthened
6．Equipped (equip) with new scientific farming methods they have been able to use less farmland to produce more crops
7．He folded his arms and lowered his head as usual before he was in deep thought
8．This famous company has produced(produce) twice as many electric vehicles this year as last year
9．Hearing the bad news that their son died in the earthquake the couple burst into tears
Ⅰ熟词生义(写出句中黑体词汉语意思)
1．One of the most stressful days of Susan McFrederick＇s life was watching her son get wheeled away for surgery hours after he was born in 2011 轮物推动
2．So she desired to get round the warning Why can＇t I make a healthy candy that＇s good for my teeth so that my parents can＇t say no to it？避开
Ⅱ似易实难(句中黑体词部分译成汉语)
1．The smiles took everyone＇s attention from the surgeryThen I decided to follow suit
[译文] 微笑吸引诊疗室注意力然决定效仿
2．When a darkcolored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white onecustomers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty
[译文] 深色蛋糕黑盘子白盘子盛着端桌时顾客公认更香甜口
Ⅲ复杂晦涩(分析句子结构译成汉语)
1．He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain
[分析] He recommended that 引导宾语句动词recommend(建议)that 句中谓语动词应该should do形式should省略that 句中包含宾语句what a healthier candy would contain作介词about宾语
[译文] 建议做研究牙科医生探讨更健康糖果会含什成分
2．With her dad＇s permission she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly
[分析] 句中句spend time doing结构中and连接两列动作researchingconducting that引导定语句修饰先行词a recipe句中作语
[译文] 美味牙齿益配方父亲允许花两年时间进行线调研试验
3．A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available
[分析] 句复合句句A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas中定式短语作置定语修饰one of the best wayswhere the liquid is not readily available定语句修饰先行词areas
[译文] 易获取饮水方建太阳蒸馏器获饮水佳方式
4．Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up－and out－the side of the hole
[分析] 句复合句句lay the tube in place祈句so that引导结果状语句该句and连接列句
[译文] 然子放适方子端完全放杯子里剩余部分延伸坑外部
1．inspire v．赋予灵感启示启迪激励鼓舞
(1)inspire hopeloyaltyenthusiasm in sb燃起某希唤起某忠诚激发某热情
(2)激励某……
(3)inspired adj受鼓舞灵感
inspiring adj鼓舞心
(4)inspiration n 灵感
be an inspiration to sb 某鼓舞
inspire a strong desire for discovery激起强烈探索欲
listening to his inspiring speech 聆听鼓舞心演讲
inspired us with her will and enthusiasm
意志热情激励
gave us not only hope but also inspiration希热情
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①Inspired(inspire) by the speech the little girl made up her mind to work even harder
②Dreams can be rich sources of inspiration (inspire) for an artist
③I was struck by his inspiring (inspire)words and I decided to make efforts to improve my English
④What inspired him to give (give) such a brilliant performance
[力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：Other zoologists were inspired by her example they have begun working with apes in the wild
高级表达：Inspired by her example other zoologists have begun working with apes in the wild (分词短语作状语)
2．treat vt& vi 治疗款 n．款招
(1)treat sblikeas某……
treat sthseriously 认真某事某物
treat sboneself to ……款某(2)It＇s my treat请客
(3)treatment n．治疗处理
treat sb fairly公正某
treat an illness 治疗疾病
the course of treatment疗程
[联想发散] cure v．治愈治疗改正解决 n．治愈治疗疗法措施常搭配：cure sb of 治某病改掉某坏惯
a cure for ……治疗方法……解决办法
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①If you think that treating(treat) a woman well means always getting her permission for thingsthink again
②Now I try to treat everyone with respectno matter who I think they are
③After years of regular treatment (treat) she finally became healthy
[力提升]－－句式升级
普通表达：If the patient was treated in a proper way he was likely to be saved
①高级表达：If treated in a proper waythe patient was likely to be saved(省略句)
②高级表达：Treated in a proper waythe patient was likely to be saved(分词作状语)
3．warn vt警告告诫
(1)warn sbofabout sth警告提醒某心某事
warn sbagainst sb警告提醒某提防某
warn sbnot to do sth＝ warn sbagainst (doing) sth警告某做某事
(2)warning n．警告提醒
warn us of the current serious situation
提醒前严重形势
warn him not to walk on the thin ice 警告薄冰走
be warned against climbing the mountain in such bad weather
警告恶劣天气登山
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①He warned us ofabout the serious situation that we were confronted with
②The police warned the holidaymakers against car thieves
③We＇ve just heard a warning(warn) on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way
[力提升]－－句译
老师警告手机带进考场
①The teacher warned us not to carry mobile phones into the examination room(not)
②The teacher warned us against carrying mobile phones into the examination room(against)
4．prefer vt更喜欢选择某事物(选择事物)
(1)prefer (doing) sthto (doing) sth宁愿……愿……
prefer (sb) to do sth更喜欢(某)做……
(2)宁愿做……
愿做……
(3)preference n．偏爱 优先权 偏爱事物
prefer jazz to rock music 喜欢爵士乐远胜摇滚乐
prefer coffee black 更喜欢加奶咖啡
prefer you to stay 想留
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month
②Some people prefer to do(do) almost everything over the Internet
③I prefer my English classes to be given(give) in English only
④People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at an early age and these preferences affect learning(prefer)
[力提升]－－句译
孩子宁愿骑行车乡愿整天家里
①The children preferred cycling to the countryside to staying indoors all day
②The children preferred to cycle to the countryside rather than stay indoors all day
③The children would rather cycle to the countryside than stay indoors all day
④The children would cycle to the countryside rather than stay indoors all day
5．effect n．结果效力
(1)have an effect onupon……影响
bringcarryputinto effect实施 生效
comego into effect开始生效 开始实施
take effect 生效开始实施
(2)effective adj效
(3)affect vt影响感动侵袭
be affected by……侵袭……感动
be affected with high fever发高烧
cause and effect果
side effect副作
take effective steps采取效措施
have a great effect on hundreds of plants around the world
世界数百种植物物种产生重影响
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①The new law will come into effect in 2022 surely it will have an effect on the industry of the country
②It won＇t be easy to put the changes into effect so we must make every effort to do it
③While running regularly can＇t make you live forever the review says it is more effective(effect) at lengthening life than walking cycling or swimming
④ Affected (affect) with a serious diseasehe was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery
[力提升]－－词汇升级句式升级
普通表达：Smoking is bad for your health so you＇d better give it up
①高级表达：Smoking affectshas a bad effect on your health so you＇d better give it up
②高级表达：You＇d better give up smoking which affectshas a bad effect on your health(非限制性定语句)
6．cover vt包含涉覆盖掩盖行走(路程)采访报道占(段时间空间)(钱)足支付 n．封面(底)盖子
[词义]－－写出列句中cover含义
①The talks are expected to cover other topics too包含涉
②Lots of reporters were assigned to cover the football matches报道采访
③As the capital city of China Beijing covers a land of 16000 square kilometers with a population of 20 million占(空间)
④During the summer camp children will be instructed by the teacher to cover 30 miles a day行走(路程)
⑤Do you have enough to cover all your daily expenses？足支付
[名师点津] cover(采访)象事interview(采访)象
cover with ……盖住……
be covered with ……覆盖着(强调状态)
be covered by ……覆盖(强调动作)
cover an area of 占面积……
be covered with heavy snow 厚厚积雪覆盖
cover the Olympic events 报道奥运赛事
cover an area of 4 000 square meters 占面积4 000方米
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything with sand
②Then covering(cover) her face with her hands she broke away and ran quickly up the stairs
[力提升]－－完成句子句式升级
座城市占面积7 434方千米口约10000000
①普通表达：The city covers an area of 7 434 square kilometers and has a population of ten million
②高级表达：The city has a population of ten million covering an area of 7434 square kilometers(现分词短语作状语)
1．A buildityourself solar still(蒸馏器)is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available
动手建造太阳蒸馏器方便获取饮水方获饮水方法
[句型公式] 处way接动词定式作定语表示做……方法
(1)动词定式作定语常修饰abilitychanceopportunitydesireambitionofferanxietyattempt等抽象名词
(2)中心词序数词序数词形容词高级the nextthe onlythe last等修饰时常定式作置定语
[名师点津] way定语三种形式：to doof doing定语句
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①The only way to succeed (succeed) at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the sports field
②If I have any further news you will be the first person to know (know) it
③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact (contact) you failed
④The ability to express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself
[力提升]－－完成句子
①学校第赢竞赛学生
I＇m the first student in our school to win the contest．
②付煤气中毒方法开门窗新鲜空气进
The way to deal with being poisoned by the gas is to open the doors and windows to let the fresh air in
2．When the container is full you can suck the refreshment out through the tube and won＇t have to break down the still every time you need a drink
容器满时候通子饮料吸出次需喝东西时候蒸馏器拆掉
[句型公式] every time作连词引导时间状语句
(1)作连词引导时间状语句名词短语：the moment the instant the minute any time the next time the first time the last time the day等
(2)连词immediately directly等引导时间状语句意…… ……
[名师点津] the first time作连词引导时间状语句意第次……时for the first time介词短语作状语意第次
[金句推送] (浙江卷)Every time you eat a sweet drink green tea This is what my mother used to tell me
妈妈常常告诉次吃糖果时喝杯绿茶
[基础练]－－单句语法填空
①For example the moment you get on the airplane start adjusting your biological clock to the destination＇s time
②I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice immediately(immediate) I picked up the phone
③So instead of giving us answers immediately she encourages us to think(think) carefully every time she puts forward questions
④I knew that Jane was a quiet and determined girl the first time I saw her in class
[力提升]－－完成句子
次想放弃时候提醒养家糊口
Every time he felt like giving uphe reminded himself that he had a family to support
夯基固·知识落实
Ⅰ词正确形式填空
1．The teacher inspires his students to give (give)their opinions actively even though they are different from his own
2．More than one doctor has warned the patient that without proper treatment(treat) the disease will lead to lung failure
3．When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster many teachers would prefer to see (see)him step aside in favour of younger men
4．Taking exercise not only helps to build up our healthbut also helps us learn more effectively (effective) in turn
5．It is so cold that you can＇t go outside unless fully covered(cover) in thick clothes
Ⅱ空白处填入适词
1．My father warned me against going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists
2．The new law will come into effect next month
3．No matter what you like to do there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day
4．She said she was sick of her life of excess
5．Most people believe the best way of building a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals
强技提·知识应
Ⅰ完形填空
During his freshman year at Columbia UniversitySanford Greenberg stood on campus with his classmateArthur GarfunkelSanfordlook at the 1 ．You see the colors？The shapes？Arthur askedSanford was 2 because other guys talked about trips and sportsbut Arthur wanted to talk about grass
Was there a 3 guy on campus than Sanford Here he wasa poor kid from BuffaloNew York on a full scholarshiptaking classes from masters such as physicist Leon Lederman and poet Mark Van Doren
But in 1960Sanford＇s fortunes 4 ．He was playing baseball when suddenly he couldn＇t 5 very clearlyHe had to 6 on the grass until his eyesight returnedAt first he didn＇t believe it was anything 7 ．
But when Sanford went back to Buffalo 8 there told him he had a very serious eye diseaseThey operated on his eyesbut he was still going 9 ．He was so sad that he 10 to meet anyone from college
HoweverArthur 11 Sanford to go back to study at ColumbiaIn September 1961Sanford returned to campusBut he was 12 about getting around alone and depended on Arthur to help him
Thenone afternoonSanford and Arthur went to ManhattanWhen it was time to go back to the 13 Arthur said he had an important meeting and couldn＇t go with SanfordThey 14 for the first timeand Arthur walked offleaving Sanford aloneIt took Sanford a long time to get back to schoolBut as he arrived at the university gatesomeone almost 15 him
Sorrysir
Sanford knew the 16 ．It was Arthur＇sSanford was angry at firstbut then he 17 what Arthur had done
It was one of the most 18 ideasSanford saidArthurof coursehad been 19 me the whole way
After graduation with greater 20 than othersSanford got his MBA from Columbia and a PhDfrom Harvard and went on to become a successful inventor and businessman
语篇解读 桑福德学期间突然患严重眼疾拒绝见学朋友亚瑟鼓励重新回校园学回校敢独出行赖亚瑟帮助次亚瑟想出意桑福德独走回学校结果证明亚瑟意桑福德成名成功发明家商
1．Aclouds B．grass
C．trees D．baseball
B [根文中Arthur wanted to talk about grass知亚瑟想谈草知桑福德草]
2．Aexcited B．disappointed
C．surprised D．worried
C [空表述谈旅行运动亚瑟想谈草推知桑福德觉奇怪surprised觉奇怪]
3．Aluckier B．friendlier
C．smarter D．kinder
A [根空句知桑福德纽约州布法罗穷孩子着全额奖学金着师课知处表示桑福德更幸运]
4．Aimproved B．remained
C．arrived D．changed
D [根文表述桑福德幸运文表述桑福德患严重眼疾推知处表示桑福德命运发生改变]
5．Ahear B．smell
C．see D．speak
C [根文中until his eyesight returned知棒球时桑福德突然清东西躺草直视力恢复]
6．Alie down B．jump up
C．walk away D．run along
A [参见题解析A项意躺A项正确]
7．Adifficult B．serious
C．new D．usual
B [根文中Buta very serious eye disease结合该句中At first he didn＇t believe知开始认什严重问题]
8．Ateachers B．friends
C．relatives D．doctors
D [根语境结合常识知桑福德回布法罗时候里医生告诉种非常严重眼疾]
9．Ablind B．deaf
C．wrong D．crazy
A [根语境空句表述难拒绝见学知眼睛进行手术会失明]
10．Aplanned B．forgot
C．refused D．wished
C [参见题解析]
11．Areminded B．persuaded
C．forced D．allowed
B [根文中Sanford returned to campus知亚瑟说服桑福德重新回哥伦亚学学persuade sbto do sth固定法意说服某做某事B项正确]
12．Acertain B．angry
C．nervous D．calm
C [根该句中depended on Arthur to help him知桑福德然重返校园严重眼疾敢出赖亚瑟帮助C项意惶恐C项正确]
13．Acampus B．hospital
C．station D．company
A [根语境文中he arrived at the university gate知天午桑福德亚瑟曼哈顿该回校园时亚瑟说重会议参加桑福德起回]
14．Aagreed B．estimated
C．discussed D．argued
D [根该句中Arthur walked offleaving Sanford alone知 第次发生争吵亚瑟愤然离留桑福德独]
15．Ashouted at B．knocked down
C．looked for D．laughed at
B [根文中Sorrysir推知桑福德校门口时差点撞倒B项意撞倒B项正确]
16．Alook B．figure
C．voice D．gesture
C [根文中Sorrysir知说起先生推知桑福德知道亚瑟声音]
17．Adoubted B．realized
C．believed D．wondered
B [根语境知桑福德开始感恼怒理解亚瑟做切]
18．Aannoying B．awful
C．useless D．brilliant
D [根语境文中Sanford was angry at firstbut then he ________ what Arthur had done知桑福德说亚瑟独回学校绝妙意]
19．Amisleading B．showing
C．guiding D．following
D [根语境知亚瑟路着桑福德D项意着D项正确A项意误导C项意指引指导语境符]
20．Aefforts B．loss
C．burden D．failure
A [根语境结合文描述桑福德患严重眼疾知付出更努力桑福德获哥伦亚学工商理学硕士学位哈佛学博士学位成位成功发明家商]
Ⅱ语法填空
When we read a poemwe often imagine what the poets 1________(think) when they wrote or what they were doing at the timeThese thoughts let us connect with the words betteras if we＇d created the poem 2________(we)．Will a poem still mean as much if a computer writes it
By 3________(use) algorithms (演算法)computers can now create all kinds of textsincluding research papersbooksnewsstories and even poemsComputergenerated poems might be correct in both grammar and style4________ some say they still lack 5________(create) and true meaning
Australian researcher Oscar Schwartz created a website 6________(call) bot or not．On his siteyou can read poems and guess whether they 7________ (write) by a human or a computerSchwartz recently gave a speech at TEDx Sydneyin 8________ he stated that some of the website＇s poems were able to 9________(foolish) 65 percent of human readersHe said that on his websitehe hoped people would question the difference between humans and machines－and be able to identify 10________ makes us human
语篇解读 读诗时候会容易诗产生鸣澳利亚研究员Oscar Schwartz创建计算机写诗网站法否行呢？
1．were thinking [考查动词时态句意：读首诗时通常会想象诗写诗时候正想什者时候正做什根句意知处表示某时刻正做某事应进行时空处what they were doing列填were thinking]
2．ourselves [考查代词句意：想法更文字联系起创作首诗根句意知处表示填ourselves]
3．using [考查动名词介词名词代词动名词填using]
4．butyet [考查连词空前意电脑创作诗语法风格正确空意说样诗缺乏创造性真实意义根句意知前句间转折关系填butyet]
5．creativitycreativeness [考查词性转换根空and true meaning结合语境知空处true meaning构成列关系填creativitycreativeness处表示缺乏创造性真实意义]
6．called [考查非谓语动词分析句子结构知动词call逻辑语a website构成动宾关系分词形式作定语]
7．were writtenare written [考查动词语态时态分析句子结构知动词write语间动宾关系动语态动作发生现常性发生般时般现时均填were writtenare written]
8．which [考查定语句分析句子结构知空处引导非限制性定语句空处指代先行词a speech指物which引导该句]
9．fool [考查词性转换根空前were able to语境知处表示网站诗够骗65读者处应该动词填fool]
10．what [考查宾语句分析句子结构知空处引导宾语句作物动词identify宾语空处句中作语填what]
话题写作
Step 1写作点(根汉语提示补全英文句子)
①Philip谨慎美国蔬菜水果商发明款新式行车
Philip was a cautious American greengrocer He invented a new style bicycle
②专利局电话新产品申请专利久获专利
He called up the patent office to apply for a patent for his new product Soon he got the patent for his new product
③实际程中发现新产品没达标准
But laterhe found his new product didn＇t live up to the criteria in the process of practical use
④开始抓住机会改善新式行车
He began to seize the chance to improve his new bicycle
⑤忍受指责期产品受住检验
He endured criticism and was in the expectation that his new product could bear the test．
⑥样收入稳定增长
In this way his income had a stable increase．
Step 2表达升级(改变句子结构表达升级)
①定语句升级句①
Philip was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style bicycle．
②词组set about升级句④中began to
He set about seizing the chance to improve his new bicycle
Step 3衔接成文(利恰渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Philip was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style bicycle At oncehe called up the patent office to apply for a patent for his new product Soon he got the patent for his new product But laterhe found his new product didn＇t live up to the criteria in the process of practical use He set about seizing the chance to improve his new bicycle He endured criticism and was in the expectation that his new product could bear the test In this way his income had a stable increase
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