阅读理解长难句分析建议10（附重点词汇法）2022届高考英语二轮复
长难句1：Morning or Afternoon this bike tour is the perfect tour for DC newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington DC in a healthy way with minimum effort
译文：午午初乍居民果想种健康舒适方式感受华盛顿骑车游览佳选择
分析：looking to 作newcomers and locals置定语指期
长难句2：Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history
译文：导游时驻足讲解相关史实时游客拍摄相
分析：
英语名词汉语动词体会英汉思维差异
长难句3：Homelessness had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare an empty page at the end of a partly written book
译文：家没写完书稿末页白纸张
分析：
处partly written book喻公生empty page at the end of代表公半段生
长难句4：However the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months more than 25000 people were using it every day
译文：然条铁路快证明巨成功6月天25万
点拨：
prove： turn out 证明发现(处系动词动)
success：成功事
长难句5：People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone quite unaware of what is going on around them
译文：走行道年龄段开心盯着手手机完全意周围发生切
分析：
with 复合结构quite unaware of 均作状语
点拨：
people of all ages：年龄
be glued to sth：盯着某物
quite unaware of：知道……没意识……
长难句6：It’s about time they had to be registered and insured so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle or cause an accident at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim
译文：时候求注册保险样旦撞行车辆引起事少查明真相机会提出索赔
分析：
It’s (high about)time句中谓语常时should + 动词原形(should 省略)
点拨：
claim：索赔
trace：追查find track
长难句7：The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named DriveLAB in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are
译文：纽卡斯尔学(Newcastle University)智交通团队辆电动汽车改造成名Drive LAB移动实验室解年长司机面挑战发现关键压力点里
分析：
句谓语动词have turnedin order to understand to discover列两目状语faced by older drivers作the challenges置定语where the key stress points are作discover宾语
长难句8：Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and wellbeing among older people leading to them becoming more isolated and inactive
译文：研究表明放弃驾驶老年健康状况幸福水降原变更加世隔绝缺乏活力
分析：
that引导宾语句宾语句中giving up driving作语leading to 作伴状语
点拨：
a fall in health：健康状况降
lead to sb doing sth：导致某做某事(result in sb doing sth)
长难句9：Led by Professor Phil Blythe the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life
译文：菲尔·布莱斯教授带领纽卡斯尔学研究组正年龄较司机开发车载技术帮助继续驾驶晚年
分析：
led by Professor Phil Blythe作句子状语句子语the Newcastle team间动关系分词which引导定语句修饰先行词invehicle technologies
点拨：
develop：研制开发
invehicle technology：车载技术
later life：晚年
长难句10：We found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined
译文：发现限速时30英里区域老年难保持恒定速度更超速面罚款风险
点拨：
struggle to do sth：极力 努力 挣扎着做某事(struggle英语释义to try very hard to do sth when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems)
长难句11：While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so) policy makers also should be talking about how selfdriving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams cut emissions and offer more convenient affordable mobility options
译文：目前止数争集中驾驶汽车安全性(理应)决策者应该讨动驾驶汽车帮助减少交通堵塞减少排放提供更方便更济出行选择
分析：
句复合句while引导步状语句句谓语should be talking abouthow引导宾语句作about宾语
点拨：
while：然
debate：讨discussion (debate正式语)
rightfully：合法正确
mobility：移动性(mobility options 出行选择)
长难句12：Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the carcontrolled transportation system we have today
译文：政策制定者现应该开始考虑保证驾驶汽车出现会扩汽车导交通系统中消极方面
分析：
make sure接宾语句该句中we have today定语句修饰先行词system
点拨：
the appearance of：[义异构] ……出现the arrival of(见Para 2)
长难句13：The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people and more affordably
译文：技术进步城市州交通系统发展提供机会种交通系统更更济出行
分析：
designed to move more people and more affordably分词短语作置定语修饰systems
点拨：
present：提供(基义呈衍生义提供)
长难句14：One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle
译文：眼发现辆开动汽车面出火焰
one more look：眼(one more ………one more chance 次机会one more minute 分钟)
shoot：() 快速移动喷出射出
长难句15：Eyeing these headwinds plasticbag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume
译文：针禁令塑料袋生产商聘斯坦样科学家证明生产塑料袋球损害数认样糟糕
分析：
Eyeing these headwinds现分词短语作状语that their products assume位语句解释说明case
点拨：
eye：[词类活]审视细(文议文词较正式prohibit assume purchase require等)
headwind：逆风(文中指塑料袋禁令)
case：理
长难句16：They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it
译文：呼吁政府采取措施应光污染
点拨：
call on sb to do sth：呼吁某做某事
take measures to do sth：采取措施做某事
长难句17：They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a person’s chances of getting cancer
译文：担心睡觉时暴露光线会增加患癌风险
点拨：
exposure to：暴露……接触……
increase a person’s chances of getting cancer：增加患癌风险(chance：[熟词生义]风险)
长难句18：We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new
译文：许会认样文化群体：见新科技产品会扔掉现产品
点拨：
get rid of：丢弃
at the first sight of：见……()
长难句19：According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window
译文：Babbitt团队分析显示旧台式电脑显视器CRT电视机糟糕电器()1992年2007年期间耗温室气体排放量翻倍
点拨：
contribution to：……促成作
长难句20：They found that more ondemand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44
译文：发现板电脑点播观娱乐节目电视台式电脑观减少44源消耗
点拨：
ondemand：应顾客求提供
长难句21：The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off
译文：然环境保护难度巨坦桑尼亚国家公园理局做努力似正见成效
点拨：
payoff成功奏效
长难句22：Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？
译文：乞力马扎罗山该满患安静破坏样名声？
分析：
a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace中with…with复合结构作mountain置定语结构中touristsruin间动关系ruining
点拨：
deserve the reputation名虚传实名
长难句23：Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements leading to the illusion that populations are higher than they actually are
译文：科学家回应饥饿北极熊聚集类居住附导致产生种错觉认数量实际数量
分析：
句中两that引导句第that引导宾语句作noting宾语第二that引导位语句解释说明the illusion
点拨：
note 指出
长难句24：A nervous night to be sure but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all
译文：否认紧张夜晚时候然会青睐
长难句25：Once they arrive the tables are turned The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch
译文：(昆虫) 刚局势反转正吃午餐昆虫变成(天敌)午餐
点拨：
turn the table：扭转局势
turn the tables 源西洋双陆棋(backgammon)中古英语里种游戏简称tables两边棋手局结束必须转桌子边方交换位置意输方绝公机会扭转局面反败胜turn the tables 精准汉语释义扭转局面反败胜
lunch：午餐
长难句26：Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV
译文：电视尼古拉斯会暴风雪中活
分析：
句虚拟条件句省略引导句连词if句中部分倒装应谓语中were hadshould移语前
长难句27：El Niño a Spanish term for the Christ childwas named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern which happens every two to seven years reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas
译文：厄尔尼诺西班牙语里表示圣婴(降生12岁时基督)南美洲渔民命名渔民注意全球气候类型两七年发生次届时圣诞前渔民捕获鱼会量减少
分析：
该句复合句who noticed that the global weather pattern限制性定语句修饰先行词South American fishermenwhich happens every two to seven years非限制性定语句修饰先行词the global weather pattern
长难句28：El Niño sees warm water collected over several years in the western Pacific flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken or sometimes the other way round
译文：厄尔尼诺发生时东风减弱刮起西风聚集西太洋年暖流东回流
分析：
collected over several years in the western Pacific分词短语作定语that normally blowwestwards定语句修饰先行词winds
长难句29：According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) however just 12 of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwardsThis is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction
译文：然根海外发展研究(ODI)数20年里12救灾资金提前降低风险事进行恢复重建证表明美元降低风险少重建中节省两美元
disasterrelief funding：赈灾基金
go on (ahead)：先走步先行(go on doing sth in advance)
长难句30：Though the relationship may not be causal helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people
译文：然种关系果关系帮助分裂社区灾难做准备少会降低灾难发生造成员伤亡风险
分析：
复合句句语动名词短语helping divided communities to prepare for disastersthat引导位语句修饰先行词the risk
点拨：
causal：果关系(cause + al)
divided：(团体组织) 分裂分歧
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长难句1：Morning or Afternoon this bike tour is the perfect tour for DC newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington DC in a healthy way with minimum effort
译文：午午初乍居民果想种健康舒适方式感受华盛顿骑车游览佳选择
分析：looking to 作newcomers and locals置定语指期
长难句2：Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history
译文：导游时驻足讲解相关史实时游客拍摄相
分析：
英语名词汉语动词体会英汉思维差异
长难句3：Homelessness had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare an empty page at the end of a partly written book
译文：家没写完书稿末页白纸张
分析：
处partly written book喻公生empty page at the end of代表公半段生
长难句4：However the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months more than 25000 people were using it every day
译文：然条铁路快证明巨成功6月天25万
点拨：
prove： turn out 证明发现(处系动词动)
success：成功事
长难句5：People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone quite unaware of what is going on around them
译文：走行道年龄段开心盯着手手机完全意周围发生切
分析：
with 复合结构quite unaware of 均作状语
点拨：
people of all ages：年龄
be glued to sth：盯着某物
quite unaware of：知道……没意识……
长难句6：It’s about time they had to be registered and insured so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle or cause an accident at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim
译文：时候求注册保险样旦撞行车辆引起事少查明真相机会提出索赔
分析：
It’s (high about)time句中谓语常时should + 动词原形(should 省略)
点拨：
claim：索赔
trace：追查find track
长难句7：The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named DriveLAB in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are
译文：纽卡斯尔学(Newcastle University)智交通团队辆电动汽车改造成名Drive LAB移动实验室解年长司机面挑战发现关键压力点里
分析：
句谓语动词have turnedin order to understand to discover列两目状语faced by older drivers作the challenges置定语where the key stress points are作discover宾语
长难句8：Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and wellbeing among older people leading to them becoming more isolated and inactive
译文：研究表明放弃驾驶老年健康状况幸福水降原变更加世隔绝缺乏活力
分析：
that引导宾语句宾语句中giving up driving作语leading to 作伴状语
点拨：
a fall in health：健康状况降
lead to sb doing sth：导致某做某事(result in sb doing sth)
长难句9：Led by Professor Phil Blythe the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life
译文：菲尔·布莱斯教授带领纽卡斯尔学研究组正年龄较司机开发车载技术帮助继续驾驶晚年
分析：
led by Professor Phil Blythe作句子状语句子语the Newcastle team间动关系分词which引导定语句修饰先行词invehicle technologies
点拨：
develop：研制开发
invehicle technology：车载技术
later life：晚年
长难句10：We found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined
译文：发现限速时30英里区域老年难保持恒定速度更超速面罚款风险
点拨：
struggle to do sth：极力 努力 挣扎着做某事(struggle英语释义to try very hard to do sth when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems)
长难句11：While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so) policy makers also should be talking about how selfdriving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams cut emissions and offer more convenient affordable mobility options
译文：目前止数争集中驾驶汽车安全性(理应)决策者应该讨动驾驶汽车帮助减少交通堵塞减少排放提供更方便更济出行选择
分析：
句复合句while引导步状语句句谓语should be talking abouthow引导宾语句作about宾语
点拨：
while：然
debate：讨discussion (debate正式语)
rightfully：合法正确
mobility：移动性(mobility options 出行选择)
长难句12：Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the carcontrolled transportation system we have today
译文：政策制定者现应该开始考虑保证驾驶汽车出现会扩汽车导交通系统中消极方面
分析：
make sure接宾语句该句中we have today定语句修饰先行词system
点拨：
the appearance of：[义异构] ……出现the arrival of(见Para 2)
长难句13：The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people and more affordably
译文：技术进步城市州交通系统发展提供机会种交通系统更更济出行
分析：
designed to move more people and more affordably分词短语作置定语修饰systems
点拨：
present：提供(基义呈衍生义提供)
长难句14：One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle
译文：眼发现辆开动汽车面出火焰
one more look：眼(one more ………one more chance 次机会one more minute 分钟)
shoot：() 快速移动喷出射出
长难句15：Eyeing these headwinds plasticbag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume
译文：针禁令塑料袋生产商聘斯坦样科学家证明生产塑料袋球损害数认样糟糕
分析：
Eyeing these headwinds现分词短语作状语that their products assume位语句解释说明case
点拨：
eye：[词类活]审视细(文议文词较正式prohibit assume purchase require等)
headwind：逆风(文中指塑料袋禁令)
case：理
长难句16：They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it
译文：呼吁政府采取措施应光污染
点拨：
call on sb to do sth：呼吁某做某事
take measures to do sth：采取措施做某事
长难句17：They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase a person’s chances of getting cancer
译文：担心睡觉时暴露光线会增加患癌风险
点拨：
exposure to：暴露……接触……
increase a person’s chances of getting cancer：增加患癌风险(chance：[熟词生义]风险)
长难句18：We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new
译文：许会认样文化群体：见新科技产品会扔掉现产品
点拨：
get rid of：丢弃
at the first sight of：见……()
长难句19：According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window
译文：Babbitt团队分析显示旧台式电脑显视器CRT电视机糟糕电器()1992年2007年期间耗温室气体排放量翻倍
点拨：
contribution to：……促成作
长难句20：They found that more ondemand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44
译文：发现板电脑点播观娱乐节目电视台式电脑观减少44源消耗
点拨：
ondemand：应顾客求提供
长难句21：The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off
译文：然环境保护难度巨坦桑尼亚国家公园理局做努力似正见成效
点拨：
payoff成功奏效
长难句22：Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？
译文：乞力马扎罗山该满患安静破坏样名声？
分析：
a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace中with…with复合结构作mountain置定语结构中touristsruin间动关系ruining
点拨：
deserve the reputation名虚传实名
长难句23：Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements leading to the illusion that populations are higher than they actually are
译文：科学家回应饥饿北极熊聚集类居住附导致产生种错觉认数量实际数量
分析：
句中两that引导句第that引导宾语句作noting宾语第二that引导位语句解释说明the illusion
点拨：
note 指出
长难句24：A nervous night to be sure but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all
译文：否认紧张夜晚时候然会青睐
长难句25：Once they arrive the tables are turned The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch
译文：(昆虫) 刚局势反转正吃午餐昆虫变成(天敌)午餐
点拨：
turn the table：扭转局势
turn the tables 源西洋双陆棋(backgammon)中古英语里种游戏简称tables两边棋手局结束必须转桌子边方交换位置意输方绝公机会扭转局面反败胜turn the tables 精准汉语释义扭转局面反败胜
lunch：午餐
长难句26：Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV
译文：电视尼古拉斯会暴风雪中活
分析：
句虚拟条件句省略引导句连词if句中部分倒装应谓语中were hadshould移语前
长难句27：El Niño a Spanish term for the Christ childwas named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern which happens every two to seven years reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas
译文：厄尔尼诺西班牙语里表示圣婴(降生12岁时基督)南美洲渔民命名渔民注意全球气候类型两七年发生次届时圣诞前渔民捕获鱼会量减少
分析：
该句复合句who noticed that the global weather pattern限制性定语句修饰先行词South American fishermenwhich happens every two to seven years非限制性定语句修饰先行词the global weather pattern
长难句28：El Niño sees warm water collected over several years in the western Pacific flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken or sometimes the other way round
译文：厄尔尼诺发生时东风减弱刮起西风聚集西太洋年暖流东回流
分析：
collected over several years in the western Pacific分词短语作定语that normally blowwestwards定语句修饰先行词winds
长难句29：According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) however just 12 of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwardsThis is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction
译文：然根海外发展研究(ODI)数20年里12救灾资金提前降低风险事进行恢复重建证表明美元降低风险少重建中节省两美元
disasterrelief funding：赈灾基金
go on (ahead)：先走步先行(go on doing sth in advance)
长难句30：Though the relationship may not be causal helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people
译文：然种关系果关系帮助分裂社区灾难做准备少会降低灾难发生造成员伤亡风险
分析：
复合句句语动名词短语helping divided communities to prepare for disastersthat引导位语句修饰先行词the risk
点拨：
causal：果关系(cause + al)
divided：(团体组织) 分裂分歧
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