句子结构分析基方法
基句型句子基成分
基句型句子干部分修饰成分
1． 基句型组成成分
语（subject）谓语（predicate）宾语（object）补语（complement）表语（predicative）
2． 基句型
1 SV (vi)
1) She is sleeping
2) He cried
3) My ring has gone
2 SVO (vt vi + prep)
1) He bought a house
2) He will leave China
3) They are looking at us
3 SVOO
1) Tom gave me a book
2) I have bought my son a bike
3) They will lend me their car
4 SVOC
1) The letter made me angry
2) He heard her singing
3) The message left me confused
5 SVP
1) I am a student
2) She seems kind
3) He felt bad
二单词句子中作成分
1． 词类法
1） 名词(noun)：作语宾语表语定语
I planted several trees in the garden
They are women doctors
This is the story of the hero
2） 动词（verb）：作谓语
He wakened when the alarm sounded
The alarm wakened him
The thief broke into the minister’s villa last weekend
They broke up after two year’s marriage
3） 形容词（adjective）：作定语（修饰名词代词）表语
The weather is fine today
What fine weather
4） 副词（adverb）：作状语（修饰动词形容词）
She screamed excitedly
I bought an extremely large house
5） 介词（preposition）：名词代词前表示处位置时间方法等
6） 连词（conjunction）：连接词词组句子词
二句句子中作成分
1） 名词性句（Noun Clause）：语句宾语句表语句位语句
That he has divorced several times is well known
Which design is more feasible is still a question
They tell me (that) the math course is difficult
I wonder whether the refrigerator is large enough
I will tell you what I know about the whole event
My problem is how we can reduce this high temperature
The fact that his grandma had died caused him a great deal of distress
2） 形容词性句（Attributive Clause）称定语句关系句
The road which lead to the small town has been widened
The man you are talking to is our dean
This is the shelf where (on which) I keep my books
3） 副词句（Adverbial Clause）：时间点原目结果条件步
When the manager is out his assistant signed the letter
Please put this suitcase wherever you can find enough space
He checked all the figures again in order that the report would be accurate
Steel has many advantages so that it is widely used in industry
If the car is powered by electricity there will be less pollution
He will not reveal the secret though he knows it
★★句子成分划分练
◇The hospital has 90 doctors of whom 40 are women
◇The clerk I delivered the letter to said that he didn’t know anything about it
◇In an age when waste today means a lack tomorrow making full use of every available resource becomes more and more important
◇Whatever it is you’ve found you must give it back to the person it belongs to
◇If you run into difficulties consult me before you proceed
◇Because of what scientists have done the heavens have becomes a part of man’s world
◇ He made a suggestion that they carry on their conversation in English
二非谓语动词句子中作成分
a 定式（infinitive）
1） 动词定式形式
动
动
现式
to write
to be written
进行式
to be writing
完成式
to have written
to have been written
2） 定式作语
To serve the people well is our duty
It will take several hours to get there on foot
3） 定式作表语
Your main task now is to improve the quality of the products
He appears to have caught a cold
4） 定式作宾语(expect begin decide plan pretend promise try want pretend…)
They begin to write their papers
We have learnt to operate the computer
We found it impossible to finish the work in such a short time
I consider it necessary to collect sufficient data for our research
5） 定式作定语
This is the best way to solve the problem
There are a lot of sheets mend
6） 定式作状语(表目结果原等)
I have come to see you
In 1927 she left home never to return
I am sorry to hear that
7） 定式作补语(allow ask want wish… have let make see hear…)
Many parents allow their children to make their own decisions
The trainer made the elephant dance before audience
b 分词 (participle)
1） 分词形式
现分词：
动
动
现式
writing
Being written
完成式
Having written
Having been written
分词： written
2） 分词作定语
The growing plants in our garden need more sunlight and water
There are nine known planets in the solar system
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1980
Most of the kinds of tools made out of iron are very old
3） 分词作状语
Finding no one at home he left the house in a bad temper
Given the opportunity he might well have become an outstanding engineer
Not knowing his address I can’t visit him personally
Having heard the story before she didn’t want to hear it again
Having been fed by her mother the baby sat on the bed playing toys
The truck stopped suddenly (thus) causing the accident
She went down the steps into the kitchen followed by her little daughter
Sitting still on a stone the frog is waiting for something to eat
4） 分词作补语
He watched the workmen chopping the trees
The experiment has kept the scientists staying in the cave for many days
I had my recorder repaired
5） 分词作表语
His story is amusing
His fine qualities remain unchanged
c 动名词 (gerund)
Swimming is never as fast as running
Our duty is programming the computer
They began studying psychology last week
★★句子成分划分练
◇It is important to consider the cost of a material when we choose it for a certain job
◇To understand how a price system works we look briefly at the forces of supply and demand
◇Edison often forgot to eat his meals for he thought life to be so short
◇New and better material are needed if outer space is to be conquered and if man’s hundreds of other dreams are to come true
◇At the time of Columbus people didn’t believe the earth to be round
◇Marco Polo was the first European ever to travel to the east and to return with a story to tell
◇Ecology is the science concerning the relationship of living things to their environment
◇Entering the room she found her child climbing up the window
◇When I caught him cheating me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another
◇The computer invented about 60 years ago has already changed the lives of most people
◇Believing the earth to be flat many feared that Columbus would fall from the earth
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基句型句子基成分
基句型句子干部分修饰成分
1． 基句型组成成分
语（subject）谓语（predicate）宾语（object）补语（complement）表语（predicative）
2． 基句型
1 SV (vi)
1) She is sleeping
2) He cried
3) My ring has gone
2 SVO (vt vi + prep)
1) He bought a house
2) He will leave China
3) They are looking at us
3 SVOO
1) Tom gave me a book
2) I have bought my son a bike
3) They will lend me their car
4 SVOC
1) The letter made me angry
2) He heard her singing
3) The message left me confused
5 SVP
1) I am a student
2) She seems kind
3) He felt bad
二单词句子中作成分
1． 词类法
1） 名词(noun)：作语宾语表语定语
I planted several trees in the garden
They are women doctors
This is the story of the hero
2） 动词（verb）：作谓语
He wakened when the alarm sounded
The alarm wakened him
The thief broke into the minister’s villa last weekend
They broke up after two year’s marriage
3） 形容词（adjective）：作定语（修饰名词代词）表语
The weather is fine today
What fine weather
4） 副词（adverb）：作状语（修饰动词形容词）
She screamed excitedly
I bought an extremely large house
5） 介词（preposition）：名词代词前表示处位置时间方法等
6） 连词（conjunction）：连接词词组句子词
二句句子中作成分
1） 名词性句（Noun Clause）：语句宾语句表语句位语句
That he has divorced several times is well known
Which design is more feasible is still a question
They tell me (that) the math course is difficult
I wonder whether the refrigerator is large enough
I will tell you what I know about the whole event
My problem is how we can reduce this high temperature
The fact that his grandma had died caused him a great deal of distress
2） 形容词性句（Attributive Clause）称定语句关系句
The road which lead to the small town has been widened
The man you are talking to is our dean
This is the shelf where (on which) I keep my books
3） 副词句（Adverbial Clause）：时间点原目结果条件步
When the manager is out his assistant signed the letter
Please put this suitcase wherever you can find enough space
He checked all the figures again in order that the report would be accurate
Steel has many advantages so that it is widely used in industry
If the car is powered by electricity there will be less pollution
He will not reveal the secret though he knows it
★★句子成分划分练
◇The hospital has 90 doctors of whom 40 are women
◇The clerk I delivered the letter to said that he didn’t know anything about it
◇In an age when waste today means a lack tomorrow making full use of every available resource becomes more and more important
◇Whatever it is you’ve found you must give it back to the person it belongs to
◇If you run into difficulties consult me before you proceed
◇Because of what scientists have done the heavens have becomes a part of man’s world
◇ He made a suggestion that they carry on their conversation in English
二非谓语动词句子中作成分
a 定式（infinitive）
1） 动词定式形式
动
动
现式
to write
to be written
进行式
to be writing
完成式
to have written
to have been written
2） 定式作语
To serve the people well is our duty
It will take several hours to get there on foot
3） 定式作表语
Your main task now is to improve the quality of the products
He appears to have caught a cold
4） 定式作宾语(expect begin decide plan pretend promise try want pretend…)
They begin to write their papers
We have learnt to operate the computer
We found it impossible to finish the work in such a short time
I consider it necessary to collect sufficient data for our research
5） 定式作定语
This is the best way to solve the problem
There are a lot of sheets mend
6） 定式作状语(表目结果原等)
I have come to see you
In 1927 she left home never to return
I am sorry to hear that
7） 定式作补语(allow ask want wish… have let make see hear…)
Many parents allow their children to make their own decisions
The trainer made the elephant dance before audience
b 分词 (participle)
1） 分词形式
现分词：
动
动
现式
writing
Being written
完成式
Having written
Having been written
分词： written
2） 分词作定语
The growing plants in our garden need more sunlight and water
There are nine known planets in the solar system
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 1980
Most of the kinds of tools made out of iron are very old
3） 分词作状语
Finding no one at home he left the house in a bad temper
Given the opportunity he might well have become an outstanding engineer
Not knowing his address I can’t visit him personally
Having heard the story before she didn’t want to hear it again
Having been fed by her mother the baby sat on the bed playing toys
The truck stopped suddenly (thus) causing the accident
She went down the steps into the kitchen followed by her little daughter
Sitting still on a stone the frog is waiting for something to eat
4） 分词作补语
He watched the workmen chopping the trees
The experiment has kept the scientists staying in the cave for many days
I had my recorder repaired
5） 分词作表语
His story is amusing
His fine qualities remain unchanged
c 动名词 (gerund)
Swimming is never as fast as running
Our duty is programming the computer
They began studying psychology last week
★★句子成分划分练
◇It is important to consider the cost of a material when we choose it for a certain job
◇To understand how a price system works we look briefly at the forces of supply and demand
◇Edison often forgot to eat his meals for he thought life to be so short
◇New and better material are needed if outer space is to be conquered and if man’s hundreds of other dreams are to come true
◇At the time of Columbus people didn’t believe the earth to be round
◇Marco Polo was the first European ever to travel to the east and to return with a story to tell
◇Ecology is the science concerning the relationship of living things to their environment
◇Entering the room she found her child climbing up the window
◇When I caught him cheating me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another
◇The computer invented about 60 years ago has already changed the lives of most people
◇Believing the earth to be flat many feared that Columbus would fall from the earth
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档