初中英语重点语法三句总结
1 宾语句
定义
句子中起宾语作句做宾语句
二连接词
that I think that you can pass the exam
Whetherif I don’t know what the word means
Wh I don’t know what the word means
I don’t know where he found the book
whether情况：
1 or not连：
I don’t know whether it’s raining or not
2 动词定式连：
He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation
3 连接词前介词时：
It depends on whether he is coming
三时态
1 句般现时态句根实际情况定(种时态均)
She wants to know what he has done for the exam
2句般时态句相应时态
1）She said that she was a student
2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week
3）She said that she had finished her homework already
3 果宾语句说客观真理然现象事实时时宾语句般现时态
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
2 定语句
定义
复合句中修饰名词代词句定语句
二先行词
先行词指 who that
先行词指物 which that
定语句般紧修饰名词代词（先行词）
三关系代词
关系代词代先行词句子中担成分句中出现代先行词代词
四翻译方法 …
Whom 先行词指代先行词定语句中充宾语（包括介词宾语） who区果前面带介词必须whom
1 This is the teacher whomwho we like best
2 I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking
Whose 指物作定语表示 …
eg Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher
关系代词 that 特殊情况：
1先行词前序数词修饰时：
This is the first gift that my parents bought me
2先行词前形容词高级修饰时：
This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen
3 先行词定代词something anything等时
eg Is there anything that you want in this shop
4 先行词物时 that
eg He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all
5 先行词all little the only the very(正) the last 等词修饰时that
eg This is the last place that I want to visit
6 特殊疑问句who which 开头that引导
Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform
关系代词前介词时：
物+介词+which + 介词 + whom
关系代词前介词时：
eg 1 This is the train by which we went to Beijing
2 This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking
3 状语句
定义
复合句中句表示状语称作状语句修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）定语状语整句子
二状语句般分八类
时间状语句 点状语句
原状语句 目状语句
结果状语句 条件状语句
方式状语句 步状语句
1 时间状语句
When ……时候 通常指某特定时间点句句动作时发生
When I opened the window I saw him come up
When 正……时候突然…通常句进行时 be about to 时翻译时候when 译成没想突然
I was walking along the street when I met him
When 句进行时句般时表示满
Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast
Whenafter
When the children had gone to bed she began to prepare her lessons
While ……期间指段时间
While we were inAmerica we saw him twice
While 表示种满情绪意思边干某种重事边享受等
We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football
As 边……边 着
She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music
As ……时指动作紧接着动作发生句通常进行时
As I was going out it began to rain
The moment ………… as soon as immediately
Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
Yes I gave her the moment I saw her
Not… until 直……
He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work
Before ……前
The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs
After ……
The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent
Since …… 通常句现完成时
I have never been there again since I graduated from the university
It is just a week since we arrived here
As soon as …………
Jack went to school as soon as he got well
No sooner than …………
no sooner… than… 句首求倒装
Hardly …when…
Scarcely …when…
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again
Once …………
Once you see him you will never forget him
Every time each time 次whenever
Each time he came to town he would visit our school
2 条件状语句
引导状语句连接词：
If果 unless非 as long as As (so) far as ……知in case万 provided that假 on condition that…条件
If 果
If you don’t hurry up you will miss the plane
Unless 果 非if not
We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight
As long as
We will succeed as long as we keep on trying
As (so) far as ……知
As far as I know he speaks English very well
In case 假 果
The plane cannot take off in case it rains
Provided that 果时省略 that
The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully
On condition that 条件…
He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak
注句动作发生时句时 句般现时
If he arrives tomorrow I will be waiting for him at the airport
3 点状语句
点状语句两连词 Where wherever
Where ……方
Where there is a will there is a way
Wherever 里
Wherever you are I will be right there waiting for you
4 原状语句
because as since now that considering that seeing that 六连词表示表示原 语气弱
Because 通常句放句
Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage
As 通常放句首
As he is honest and modest all his friends like him
Since 然 语气较弱 常译然(众周知原)
Since everybody has come we can set off
Now that 然
Now that you are here you can join us
considering that 顾
Considering that they are just beginners they are doing quite a good job
seeing that
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent we decided to put the meeting off
5 结果状语句
引导结果状语句连词：that so that so…that…
such…that So… that 太…… so 面应形容词副词 时省略sothat
Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹
So that 便 时so 省
Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you
Such …that… 太…… 法so…that相such 面应名词
The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him
6 目状语句
引导目状语句连词 that so that in order that for fear that lest
(So) that 便 句中常常情态动词：can could may might should等
Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly
in order that so that 相句中常常情态动词：can could may might should等
School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm
for fear that 生怕 防止(某事发生)
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it
in case 万
You should bring a dictionary in case you need it
Lest 防万
The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him
7 步状语句
引导步状语句连词：Although though as even if even though no matter however whatever while whether
Although though 然 although though 互换although 常放句首Though倒装
Although it was raining the plane managed to take off
Though he did his best he didn’t succeed
As as 引导步状语句时句子通常倒装though 互换
Busy as he is he never misses a football match
Even if even though
Even if you don’t like your boss you should do your work
However however 引导步状语句时句子通常倒装
He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove
No matter (what when where how) （什时样）
He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him
Whatever
Whatever other people may say she won’t change her mind
While
While I have sympathy for you I can’t help you
Whether 常or not 连
Whether he is good or not the company decided to send him abroad
8 方式状语句
方式状语句常 as as if as though
as …… 样
Do in Rome as the Romans do
as if as though 仿佛 as if as though引导句中虚拟语气
She stood at the door as if (as though) she were waiting for someone
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1 宾语句
定义
句子中起宾语作句做宾语句
二连接词
that I think that you can pass the exam
Whetherif I don’t know what the word means
Wh I don’t know what the word means
I don’t know where he found the book
whether情况：
1 or not连：
I don’t know whether it’s raining or not
2 动词定式连：
He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation
3 连接词前介词时：
It depends on whether he is coming
三时态
1 句般现时态句根实际情况定(种时态均)
She wants to know what he has done for the exam
2句般时态句相应时态
1）She said that she was a student
2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week
3）She said that she had finished her homework already
3 果宾语句说客观真理然现象事实时时宾语句般现时态
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun
2 定语句
定义
复合句中修饰名词代词句定语句
二先行词
先行词指 who that
先行词指物 which that
定语句般紧修饰名词代词（先行词）
三关系代词
关系代词代先行词句子中担成分句中出现代先行词代词
四翻译方法 …
Whom 先行词指代先行词定语句中充宾语（包括介词宾语） who区果前面带介词必须whom
1 This is the teacher whomwho we like best
2 I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking
Whose 指物作定语表示 …
eg Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher
关系代词 that 特殊情况：
1先行词前序数词修饰时：
This is the first gift that my parents bought me
2先行词前形容词高级修饰时：
This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen
3 先行词定代词something anything等时
eg Is there anything that you want in this shop
4 先行词物时 that
eg He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all
5 先行词all little the only the very(正) the last 等词修饰时that
eg This is the last place that I want to visit
6 特殊疑问句who which 开头that引导
Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform
关系代词前介词时：
物+介词+which + 介词 + whom
关系代词前介词时：
eg 1 This is the train by which we went to Beijing
2 This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking
3 状语句
定义
复合句中句表示状语称作状语句修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）定语状语整句子
二状语句般分八类
时间状语句 点状语句
原状语句 目状语句
结果状语句 条件状语句
方式状语句 步状语句
1 时间状语句
When ……时候 通常指某特定时间点句句动作时发生
When I opened the window I saw him come up
When 正……时候突然…通常句进行时 be about to 时翻译时候when 译成没想突然
I was walking along the street when I met him
When 句进行时句般时表示满
Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast
Whenafter
When the children had gone to bed she began to prepare her lessons
While ……期间指段时间
While we were inAmerica we saw him twice
While 表示种满情绪意思边干某种重事边享受等
We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football
As 边……边 着
She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music
As ……时指动作紧接着动作发生句通常进行时
As I was going out it began to rain
The moment ………… as soon as immediately
Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
Yes I gave her the moment I saw her
Not… until 直……
He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work
Before ……前
The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs
After ……
The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent
Since …… 通常句现完成时
I have never been there again since I graduated from the university
It is just a week since we arrived here
As soon as …………
Jack went to school as soon as he got well
No sooner than …………
no sooner… than… 句首求倒装
Hardly …when…
Scarcely …when…
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again
Once …………
Once you see him you will never forget him
Every time each time 次whenever
Each time he came to town he would visit our school
2 条件状语句
引导状语句连接词：
If果 unless非 as long as As (so) far as ……知in case万 provided that假 on condition that…条件
If 果
If you don’t hurry up you will miss the plane
Unless 果 非if not
We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight
As long as
We will succeed as long as we keep on trying
As (so) far as ……知
As far as I know he speaks English very well
In case 假 果
The plane cannot take off in case it rains
Provided that 果时省略 that
The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully
On condition that 条件…
He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak
注句动作发生时句时 句般现时
If he arrives tomorrow I will be waiting for him at the airport
3 点状语句
点状语句两连词 Where wherever
Where ……方
Where there is a will there is a way
Wherever 里
Wherever you are I will be right there waiting for you
4 原状语句
because as since now that considering that seeing that 六连词表示表示原 语气弱
Because 通常句放句
Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage
As 通常放句首
As he is honest and modest all his friends like him
Since 然 语气较弱 常译然(众周知原)
Since everybody has come we can set off
Now that 然
Now that you are here you can join us
considering that 顾
Considering that they are just beginners they are doing quite a good job
seeing that
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent we decided to put the meeting off
5 结果状语句
引导结果状语句连词：that so that so…that…
such…that So… that 太…… so 面应形容词副词 时省略sothat
Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹
So that 便 时so 省
Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you
Such …that… 太…… 法so…that相such 面应名词
The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him
6 目状语句
引导目状语句连词 that so that in order that for fear that lest
(So) that 便 句中常常情态动词：can could may might should等
Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly
in order that so that 相句中常常情态动词：can could may might should等
School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm
for fear that 生怕 防止(某事发生)
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it
in case 万
You should bring a dictionary in case you need it
Lest 防万
The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him
7 步状语句
引导步状语句连词：Although though as even if even though no matter however whatever while whether
Although though 然 although though 互换although 常放句首Though倒装
Although it was raining the plane managed to take off
Though he did his best he didn’t succeed
As as 引导步状语句时句子通常倒装though 互换
Busy as he is he never misses a football match
Even if even though
Even if you don’t like your boss you should do your work
However however 引导步状语句时句子通常倒装
He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove
No matter (what when where how) （什时样）
He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him
Whatever
Whatever other people may say she won’t change her mind
While
While I have sympathy for you I can’t help you
Whether 常or not 连
Whether he is good or not the company decided to send him abroad
8 方式状语句
方式状语句常 as as if as though
as …… 样
Do in Rome as the Romans do
as if as though 仿佛 as if as though引导句中虚拟语气
She stood at the door as if (as though) she were waiting for someone
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