考点05 介词介词短语
高考频度：★★★★★
命题解读
介词英语中较活跃然高考中直接考查介词题介词考生容易犯错误语法项目
命题预测
预计2020年高考介词考查局限单介词会更加注重介词固定搭配中介词考查精细化考查介词短语辨析学介词时应重点掌握介词基法时注意总结名词形容词副词动词等搭配构成短语意思法
复建议
1 掌握介词常见法易混介词辨析
2 掌握介词词构成固定短语
3 掌握定语句中介词情况
介词分类
分类
特点
例词
简单介词
介词
about across after against among around at below beyond during in on等等
合成介词
两介词构成合成词
into onto throughout upon within
短语介词
短语构成
according to because of instead of up to due to owing to thanks to等等
双重介词
两介词搭配成
from among from behind from under till after in between等等
分词介词
现分词转化
considering(……) includingregardingconcerning等
兼类介词
形容词直接转化
like unlike near next opposite等等
考① 介词短语功
介词独立句中做成份介词必须名词代词动名词构成介词短语句中充成分表示物事件等物事件等间关系
介词短语功
例 句
作定语
They didn’t find the solution to the problem
作状语
We have breakfast at seven（表时间）
They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain（表原）
What do you mean by doing such a thing（表方法）
Nothing in the world could live without air or water（表条件）
作表语
When I paid a visit to you yesterday you were not at home
作宾语补足语
I found the old building in a bad condition
考② 常考介词辨析
介词英语中活跃词类频率相高法冠词样复杂根年高考命题情况考生需掌握容
1表示相相似概念介词（短语）区
表示概念
介词（短语）
区
例
时间
in
on
at
at时间点
in段时间
on具体日子
①at 8 o’clock at noon
②in the 1990s in January
③on Monday on a warm morning
since
from
since 指现段时间完成时连
from指时间某点开始
①We have not seen each other since 1995
②I hope to do morning exercises from today
in
after
in指段时间指段时间within
after表示某具体时间点时段时间中
①We’ll be back in three days
②After seven the rain began to fall
③What shall we do after graduation
in the end
at the end of
by the end of
in the end作＂＂＂终＂解单独作句子成分接介词ofat the end of 表示＂……末梢＂＂……头＂指时间指物体单独by the end of 作
＂……结束时＂
＂……末止＂解指时间单独
①In the end they reached a place of safety
②At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden
③They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week
④By the end of last month he had finished the novel
位置
between
among
般说between表示两者间among三者三者中间
①You are to sit between your father and me
②He is always happy among his classmates
注意：时说然三东西
强调两两相互间接关系时谈事物组事物视分居两边时谈事物间差时between
①Agreements were made between the
different countries
②The little valley lies between high
mountains
③They don’t know the difference between wheat rice and coin
in
on
to
in表示某范围
on指什毗邻
to指某环境范围外
①Changchun is in the northeast of China
②Mongolia is on the north of China
③Japan is to the east of China
on
in
on表示某物表面in表示占某物部分
①There is a book on the piece of paper ②There is an interesting article in the
newspaper
③ He dug a hole in the wall
in
into
in通常表示位置（静态）
into表示动表示目位置
①We walked in the park
②We walked into the park
through
across
through表示部通in 关across表示端端表面通on关
①Water flows through the pipe
②The old man walked across the street
in the corner
on the corner
at the corner
in the corner 表示角落里in指角面on the corner表示＂角＂on指面外面含外兼意at the corner指＂拐角处＂at指拐角外附外面
①The lamp stands in the corner of the room
②I met with him at the street corner
③He sat on the corner of the table
besides
except
but
except for
besides指＂……加＂except指＂减什＂放句首but except意思似表示＂……外＂常no all nobody anywhere everything等疑问词面except for表示＂……＂表明理细节
①All went out besides me
②All went out except me
③I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper
④His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes
表示概念
构成
例
动作（表进行概念表动关系）
at+名词
at dinnertable吃饭 at work工作 at war交战
at cards 玩牌 at work 办公 at play 玩耍
at rest休息 school学 at press正排印
at church做礼拜
beyond+名词
beyond belief难置信 beyond control听教
beyond compare拟 beyond description难形容
beyond expression法表达 beyond suspicion怀疑
in+名词
in +名词+of+名词
in the army兵 in need of需 in action运转
in progress进行 in operation运行中 in use 开始
in sight见 in store贮藏着
in course of construction正兴建中
in (good) repair维修良
in course of shipment 定货正运输途中
in charge of 负责 in the charge of ……负责
in possession of 拥 in the possession of ……拥
on+名词
on business办事出差 on holidayvacationleave休假
on watch值班 on duty值勤日
on guard值勤 on strike罢工
on sale出售 on loan贷
on the march行军 on trial试
on the air广播 on fire燃烧
on the move 移动搬迁离开
on showdisplay exhibition展出
under+名词
under control控制中 under discussion讨
underdevelopment发展中 under observation观察中
under test测试 under construction建设中
under fire炮火中 under examination检查调查中
under consideration考虑中 under repair修理中
under arrest逮捕 under attack受袭击
under medical treatment治疗中 under study研究中
against one’s opinion反某见解
for one’s opinion意某见解
above reproach指责非议
above suspicion受怀疑
above criticism指责
at the mercy of……支配……摆布
for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight见
1（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees＇ professional development
A in effect B in command C in turn D in shape
答案A
解析考查介词短语句意：制度政策实际会激发员工专业水提升A in effect实际B in command指挥C in turn轮流次D in shape外形处良状态选A
2（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area
答案offor
解析考查介词法处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods定语of 连接methods of doing sth意……方法构成固定结构者意踪北极熊方法for填offor
3（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are
答案offor
42019·新课标III卷·语法填空We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogsseven to be exact
答案of
解析考查介词a pack of意群填of
5（2017·新课标卷I·短文改错）At the end of our trip I told my father that I planned to return for every two years he agreed
答案删for
解析时间名词everyeachlast等词修饰时前介词删for
2常见形容词介词搭配时意义差
常见形容词
搭配
意义
absent
(be) absent from
缺席
(be) absent in
里……
afraid
(be) afraid of
担心……
(be) afraid for
……担心
angry
(be) angry with sb
某生气
(be) angry atabout sth
某事生气
anxious
(be)anxious for sth
急想
(be)anxious about sthsb
某事某担心
different
(be) different from
……
(be) different to
关心
familiar
(be) familiar with
精通熟悉
(be) familiar to
……熟知（悉）
good
(be) good at
擅长
(be) good for
……益
(be) good to
……友态度
popular
(be) popular with sb
受……欢迎
(be) popular for
……流行
strict
(be) strict with sb
某求严格
(be) strict in sth
某事求严格
3．容易混淆含介词固定搭配词组
类 型
举 例
差冠词相径庭
in front of（……前面)——in the front of（……前部）
in charge of（负责）——in the charge of（……负责）
out of question（毫疑问）——out of the question（）
at table（吃饭吃饭时）——at the table（桌子旁边）
介词意义
know sb认识某—— know about sb解某
shoot sb击中某—— shoot at sb某射击
search sb搜身—— search for sb搜寻某
believe sb相信某话—— believe in sb信某格
benefit sb某受益—— benefit from sb某里益处
画蛇添足误加介词
serve the people民服务（容易serve加for）
enter the room进入房间（容易enter加into）
follow me面（容易follow加behind）
marry sb某结婚（容易marry加with）
go abroad出国（容易go面加to）
live upstairs住楼（容易live面加 in）
母语思维误介词
be caught in the rain雨淋着（by）
leave for some place动身某（to）
set an example to sb某树立榜样（for）
in the direction着……方（to）
do a favor for sb帮某忙（to）
different from……（with）
with the help of……帮助（under）
steal sth from sb偷某东西（of）
read sth to sb（）……读（念）……（for）
难点释疑
常介词辨异
1 aboutonof 关
①on慎重正式语言交际场合常见＂学术＂＂文＂＂演说＂等题目供专门研究问题阅读＂＂意
②about表示容普遍正式＂述＂意
③of作＂关＂讲表示提涉某（事）时表示事情存发生涉详情时about意义相时意义常动词knowhearlearn（听说）speaktalkthinktell等连
2 exceptexcept forexcept thatbutbesidesbeside
①except＂……外＂指包括……面常接名词代词（称代词常宾格）接介词短语副词动词定式时相but定式常带to
②except for＂＂意思except样指说明基情况细节加修正面常接名词性短语
③except that＂＂意思exceptexcept for样法常接名词性句接whenwhere等词引导句
④but含＂……外＂意思except明确but代词（定代词否定代词疑问代词）
⑤besides表示＂……外＂排事物常包括述范围外besides作副词相also＂加况＂意
⑥beside介词表示＂附＂形似besides容易相互混淆
果区前类词语时except否except for
3 includingincluded
①including介词意＂包括＂般放包括象前面
②included分词意＂包括＂般动语态中放包括象面
4 inlaterduring 时段名词搭配
①in作介词时段名词搭配＂in + 时段名词＂般时
②later表示＂……＂常时段名词搭配＂时段名词 + later＂常时连
③during作介词时时段名词搭配＂during + 时段名词＂常现时时等连
5 inwithby
①with通常指＂＂具体形工具器官等时表示＂＂某种手段音调等
②by作介词表示＂＂时般指＂＂方式手段等面常接动名词名词面接名词时该名词前面般加修饰语
③in指＂＂语言字体墨水体裁风格方式现金序等
二介词省略
1 表示时间词前thisthatnextlasteveryeachsomeanyall等时介词常省略
Come any day you like 想天天
2 表示时间名词前定冠词定冠词作＂……＂解时前面介词
An apple a day keeps the doctor away 天吃苹果医生找
3 惯搭配中介词省略
常动词名词形容词搭配介词常省略常见类搭配：spend moneytime (in) doing sthwaste moneytime (in) doing sthhave difficultytrouble (in) doing sthbe busy doing sthstopprevent sb (from) doing sth等
三介词遗漏情况
1 含物动词定式形容词easyharddifficultcomfortable等作状语构成定式动词句子语存动宾关系语定式动作发生点时介词遗漏
The chair is comfortable to sit onin 椅子坐着舒服
The man is difficult to work with 难事
2 非谓语动词表示动意义时相关介词省略
The problem is well worth paying attention to 问题值关注
3 动语态中动词短语中介词遗漏
Your pronunciation should be paid attention to 应该注意发音
4 定语句中句谓语先行词构成动宾关系句谓语物动词时必须加介词
The library which we often go to is not far away from our school 常图书馆离学校远
5 tootoenough toso as to等结构中含物动词定式作结果状语构成定式动词物动词该动词语构成动宾关系语定式动作发生点时介词遗漏
The ice is too thin to skate on 冰太薄面滑
题组 基础关
单句改错
1 I lent to her some money in order that she could go for a holiday
_________________________________________________________________________
2 Joe wasted a lot time before he got down to work
_________________________________________________________________________
3 The biggest problem was in that almost all communication systems were destroyed
_________________________________________________________________________
4 Only a few months ago this area suffered by the worst drought in a century
_________________________________________________________________________
5 It was very kind for them to invite me to visit their country
_________________________________________________________________________
6 Appreciate and honor what you have instead focusing on what you do not
_________________________________________________________________________
7 The boy wanted to join in the army but was turned down because he was under age
_________________________________________________________________________
8 I just couldn’t laugh to his jokes the way I used to
_________________________________________________________________________
题组二 力提升
I单项填空
1This experience teaches me a lesson Never judge a person simply ________ the first impression
Ain the form of B with the help of
C on the basis of Din case of
2It was quite________ me why people preferred to go to the island on such a cold night
A against B over
C beyond D above
3 ________ our disagreements we have been able to find some common ground
A Beyond B For
C Despite D By
4Sometimes it’s tough to get off the couch and go for a run With so many digital devices at your fingertips how can you possibly keep________
Ain turn Bin shape
Cin return Din charge
5I feel that one of my main duties ________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners
A for B like
Cas D with
6These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen
A in memory of B in response to
C in touch with D in possession of
7Most people work because it’s unavoidable there are some people who actually enjoy work
A As a result B In addition
C By contrast D In conclusion
8A common memory they all have_______ their school days is the school uniform
A of B on C to D with
9Human life is regarded as part of nature and as such the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature
A in view of B in need of
Cin touch with D in harmony with
10Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison
A thanks to B regardless of
C aside from D but for
II语篇填空
As I walked __1__the city streetsI passed a young man searching through a small block of land that contained a mix of leaves and rubbish I was somewhat puzzled why someone __2__him would be searching through rubbish Finding this a little oddI asked him＂What are you searching __3__？＂ He replied very simply that he was looking for money
After talking __4__him for a little longerI found out that he had become homeless after getting laid __5__ from his job Since thenhe had been working __6__ parttime jobs in a doctor＇s office and in a food bank to earn some money But he made so little that he lost heart The man seemed fairly talentedalthough he was a little dirty
I told him that our thoughts create our realityand I suggested that he not give __7__ and think __8__ a positive way During the whole talkwhat I stressed was that he was young and that everything was possible Although he didn＇t respond __9__ the spotmy sense told me that what I said seemed to have an effect __10__ him
题组三 体验真题
1（2019·浙江卷·语法填空）But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ___61___ this question is not clear
2 （2018·新课标卷II·完形填空）I still can’t believe what a coincidence it was I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son
A on board B in time C for sure D on purpose
3 （2018·新课标卷II·短文改错）They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes
4 （2018·北京卷·单项填空） —Good morning Mr Lee’s office
—Good morning I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon
A for B on C in D at
5 （2018·江苏卷·单项填空）China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally
A in line with B in reply to
C in return for D in honour of
6（2018·天津卷·单项填空） Bob thought he couldn＇t go to the party because he had to write a report but he went ___________
A at first B after all
C above all D at random
6（2017·天津·单项填空）We offer an excellent education to our students ___________ we expect students to work hard
A On average B At best
C In return D After all
7（2017·天津·完形填空）… My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise 50000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger
A in search of B in need of
C in place of D in support of
8 （2017·新课标I卷·语法填空）There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt This trend which was started by the medical community（医学界） a method of fighting heart disease has had some unintended side (effects) (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight
9 （2017·新课标I卷·短文改错）It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road
10 （2017·新课标II卷·短文改错）They have also bought for some gardening tools beside they often get some useful information from the internet
11 （2017·新课标卷III·语法填空）I was searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I＇d been observing
12（2017·北京·单项填空）Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry
A at B in C on D by
13（2017·江苏·单项填空）Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival
A in contrast to B in defense of
C in face of D in relation to
14 （2017·北京·单项填空）When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California you will be ___________ trees that are over 1000 years old
A among B against C behind D below
15 （2017·新课标II卷·语法填空）It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __crowds__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work
题组基础关
单句改错
1 掉to
解析句意：钱便度假动词lend接双宾语to余
2 time 前加of
解析句意：乔开始工作前浪费少时间a lot of固定法意＂许＂接数名词复数形式数名词注意：a lot副词短语表程度
3 掉in
解析句意：难题通讯系统破坏根语境句子结构知句中that引导表语句
4 by → from
解析句意：仅月前区遭受次世纪严重旱灾suffer from固定法意＂忍受遭受＂
5 for → of
解析句意：邀请访问国家＂ It’s kind of sb to do sth＂固定句型注意：＂It iswas + adj +offor sb to do＂句型中形容词easyharddifficultpossibleimportantnecessary等时介词for形容词描述品德特征kindpolitenicewisecleversillyfoolish等时介词of
6 instead加of
解析句意：感激尊重拥注意力放没东西instead of 复合介词意＂＂
7 掉 in
解析句意：男孩想参军年纪拒绝join表示＂参加加入(某组织)＂时 面加介词in表示＂参加(某项活动)＂时加 in
8 第to → at
解析句意：前样讲笑话发笑laugh at固定搭配意＂嘲笑……发笑＂
题组二力提升
I单项填空
1C 解析考查介词短语辨析in the form of＂……形式＂with the help of＂……帮助＂on the basis of ＂……基础＂in case of＂果假＂结合语境知选C
2C 解析考查介词句意：理解什愿意样冷晚登岛against＂反＂over＂翻越……面＂above＂……面超＂均符合句意be beyond sb＂某法理解＂符合句意选C
3C 解析考查介词法句意：存分歧找点despite＂＂符合句意
4B 解析考查介词短语辨析句意：时难沙发站起稍微活动手边数码设备保持健康呢？in shape＂健康＂符合句意in turn＂轮流相应＂in return
＂作回报＂in charge＂负责＂
5C 解析句意：觉作教师职责帮助学生成更学者as作介词＂作＂意思符合语境
6B 解析句意：评某常新闻问问题回应in memory of纪念 in response to回应 in touch with联系in possession of拥分析句子成分知道空格处充介词短语作状语作根常识句意评应该问题回应答案B
7C 解析句意：工作避免相反确喜欢工作根前意思知道前表示As a result意结果In addition 意外 By contrast意相反 In conclusion意结＂避免＂表述种奈说工作句表达＂事实喜欢工作＂ ＂喜欢＂＂＂刚构成种否定选C
8A 解析考查介词辨析of关表示属关系 on表示…… to表示 with表示……起句意：关学校记忆校服have a memory of……记忆固定短语选A
9D 解析考查短语辨析 in view of……眼里 in need of需 in touch with……接触 In harmony with……谐相处四短语面应该接名词该句意思：生活然部分生存唯方法然谐相处根句意选D
10D 解析句意：爱迪生发明天身边享东西复存thanks to ＂亏＂具强迷惑性题干改成＂_____ Thomas Edison now we can benefit from many of the things around us＂选A项B项＂顾＂C项＂＂D项＂＂常隐藏式（含蓄式）虚拟条件句选D项
II语篇填空
1alongdown 2like 3for 4with 5off
6on 7up 8in 9on 10on
题组三体验真题
1to 解析考查介词句意：问题答案清楚the keyanswer to 固定搭配……答案……填to
2 B 解析考查介词词组词义辨析高兴时帮助子A on board船B in time时C for sure肯定D on purpose目选B项切题
3for改with 解析考查介词play the games with sb表示某块玩游戏for改with
4A 解析考查介词句意：——早Lee先生办公室——早想预约周三午（Mr Lee见面）make an appointment for意……预约固定搭配A选项正确
5A 解析考查介词短语词义辨析语境理解句意：中国软实力增长日俱增全球中国赏识理解相致A in line with致B in reply to答复C in return for作 报酬D in honour of纪念选A
6B 解析考查介词短语辨析语境理解句意：鲍勃认参加聚会写份报告终究A at first起初B after all毕竟终究C above all首先D at random便根前面转折连词知前面情况相反选B
6C 解析句意：学生提供极教育作回报期学生努力学A 均起般说B 充量C 作回报D 毕竟终究根句意选C
7 D 解析根文raise 50000知处表示＂支持三十年前结束饥饿创办项活动＂A 寻找B 需C 代D 支持选D
8as 考查介词句意：趋势初始医学界作种抗心脏病方法as表示＂作……身份＂填as
9第处：suddenly改sudden 考查形容词句意：紧急刹车suddenly副词表示＂意外忽然＂sudden形容词表示＂突然迅速＂修饰名词stop形容词suddenly改suddena sudden stop表示＂急刹车＂
第二处：on改of 考查介词分析语境知处表示＂路中间急刹车＂on the road表示＂路＂the middle of the road表示＂路中央＂强调＂the middle＂on改of
10第处：for掉：考查动词bought物动词需介词for掉
第二处：beside改besides：考查连接词beside介词＂……旁边＂里需连接词beside改besides
11for 解析考查动词短语搭配search for固定搭配表示寻找表示寻找研究三西部低猩猩
12B 解析句意：许住海边渔业谋生处介词inbyby面通常接做什事情谋生处指捕鱼行业里行业里谋生in选B
13D 解析考查介词短语A in contrast to截然B in defense of……辩护C in face of面D in relation to……关句意：根周围环境辨方位然生存项极重技选D
14A 解析句意：开车穿加利福尼亚红木森林时会穿梭超千年历史树木间be among 位……间be against 反be behind ……面be below……根句意选A
15from解析考查介词to and from回填from
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档
高考频度：★★★★★
命题解读
介词英语中较活跃然高考中直接考查介词题介词考生容易犯错误语法项目
命题预测
预计2020年高考介词考查局限单介词会更加注重介词固定搭配中介词考查精细化考查介词短语辨析学介词时应重点掌握介词基法时注意总结名词形容词副词动词等搭配构成短语意思法
复建议
1 掌握介词常见法易混介词辨析
2 掌握介词词构成固定短语
3 掌握定语句中介词情况
介词分类
分类
特点
例词
简单介词
介词
about across after against among around at below beyond during in on等等
合成介词
两介词构成合成词
into onto throughout upon within
短语介词
短语构成
according to because of instead of up to due to owing to thanks to等等
双重介词
两介词搭配成
from among from behind from under till after in between等等
分词介词
现分词转化
considering(……) includingregardingconcerning等
兼类介词
形容词直接转化
like unlike near next opposite等等
考① 介词短语功
介词独立句中做成份介词必须名词代词动名词构成介词短语句中充成分表示物事件等物事件等间关系
介词短语功
例 句
作定语
They didn’t find the solution to the problem
作状语
We have breakfast at seven（表时间）
They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain（表原）
What do you mean by doing such a thing（表方法）
Nothing in the world could live without air or water（表条件）
作表语
When I paid a visit to you yesterday you were not at home
作宾语补足语
I found the old building in a bad condition
考② 常考介词辨析
介词英语中活跃词类频率相高法冠词样复杂根年高考命题情况考生需掌握容
1表示相相似概念介词（短语）区
表示概念
介词（短语）
区
例
时间
in
on
at
at时间点
in段时间
on具体日子
①at 8 o’clock at noon
②in the 1990s in January
③on Monday on a warm morning
since
from
since 指现段时间完成时连
from指时间某点开始
①We have not seen each other since 1995
②I hope to do morning exercises from today
in
after
in指段时间指段时间within
after表示某具体时间点时段时间中
①We’ll be back in three days
②After seven the rain began to fall
③What shall we do after graduation
in the end
at the end of
by the end of
in the end作＂＂＂终＂解单独作句子成分接介词ofat the end of 表示＂……末梢＂＂……头＂指时间指物体单独by the end of 作
＂……结束时＂
＂……末止＂解指时间单独
①In the end they reached a place of safety
②At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden
③They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week
④By the end of last month he had finished the novel
位置
between
among
般说between表示两者间among三者三者中间
①You are to sit between your father and me
②He is always happy among his classmates
注意：时说然三东西
强调两两相互间接关系时谈事物组事物视分居两边时谈事物间差时between
①Agreements were made between the
different countries
②The little valley lies between high
mountains
③They don’t know the difference between wheat rice and coin
in
on
to
in表示某范围
on指什毗邻
to指某环境范围外
①Changchun is in the northeast of China
②Mongolia is on the north of China
③Japan is to the east of China
on
in
on表示某物表面in表示占某物部分
①There is a book on the piece of paper ②There is an interesting article in the
newspaper
③ He dug a hole in the wall
in
into
in通常表示位置（静态）
into表示动表示目位置
①We walked in the park
②We walked into the park
through
across
through表示部通in 关across表示端端表面通on关
①Water flows through the pipe
②The old man walked across the street
in the corner
on the corner
at the corner
in the corner 表示角落里in指角面on the corner表示＂角＂on指面外面含外兼意at the corner指＂拐角处＂at指拐角外附外面
①The lamp stands in the corner of the room
②I met with him at the street corner
③He sat on the corner of the table
besides
except
but
except for
besides指＂……加＂except指＂减什＂放句首but except意思似表示＂……外＂常no all nobody anywhere everything等疑问词面except for表示＂……＂表明理细节
①All went out besides me
②All went out except me
③I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper
④His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes
表示概念
构成
例
动作（表进行概念表动关系）
at+名词
at dinnertable吃饭 at work工作 at war交战
at cards 玩牌 at work 办公 at play 玩耍
at rest休息 school学 at press正排印
at church做礼拜
beyond+名词
beyond belief难置信 beyond control听教
beyond compare拟 beyond description难形容
beyond expression法表达 beyond suspicion怀疑
in+名词
in +名词+of+名词
in the army兵 in need of需 in action运转
in progress进行 in operation运行中 in use 开始
in sight见 in store贮藏着
in course of construction正兴建中
in (good) repair维修良
in course of shipment 定货正运输途中
in charge of 负责 in the charge of ……负责
in possession of 拥 in the possession of ……拥
on+名词
on business办事出差 on holidayvacationleave休假
on watch值班 on duty值勤日
on guard值勤 on strike罢工
on sale出售 on loan贷
on the march行军 on trial试
on the air广播 on fire燃烧
on the move 移动搬迁离开
on showdisplay exhibition展出
under+名词
under control控制中 under discussion讨
underdevelopment发展中 under observation观察中
under test测试 under construction建设中
under fire炮火中 under examination检查调查中
under consideration考虑中 under repair修理中
under arrest逮捕 under attack受袭击
under medical treatment治疗中 under study研究中
against one’s opinion反某见解
for one’s opinion意某见解
above reproach指责非议
above suspicion受怀疑
above criticism指责
at the mercy of……支配……摆布
for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight见
1（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees＇ professional development
A in effect B in command C in turn D in shape
答案A
解析考查介词短语句意：制度政策实际会激发员工专业水提升A in effect实际B in command指挥C in turn轮流次D in shape外形处良状态选A
2（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area
答案offor
解析考查介词法处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods定语of 连接methods of doing sth意……方法构成固定结构者意踪北极熊方法for填offor
3（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are
答案offor
42019·新课标III卷·语法填空We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogsseven to be exact
答案of
解析考查介词a pack of意群填of
5（2017·新课标卷I·短文改错）At the end of our trip I told my father that I planned to return for every two years he agreed
答案删for
解析时间名词everyeachlast等词修饰时前介词删for
2常见形容词介词搭配时意义差
常见形容词
搭配
意义
absent
(be) absent from
缺席
(be) absent in
里……
afraid
(be) afraid of
担心……
(be) afraid for
……担心
angry
(be) angry with sb
某生气
(be) angry atabout sth
某事生气
anxious
(be)anxious for sth
急想
(be)anxious about sthsb
某事某担心
different
(be) different from
……
(be) different to
关心
familiar
(be) familiar with
精通熟悉
(be) familiar to
……熟知（悉）
good
(be) good at
擅长
(be) good for
……益
(be) good to
……友态度
popular
(be) popular with sb
受……欢迎
(be) popular for
……流行
strict
(be) strict with sb
某求严格
(be) strict in sth
某事求严格
3．容易混淆含介词固定搭配词组
类 型
举 例
差冠词相径庭
in front of（……前面)——in the front of（……前部）
in charge of（负责）——in the charge of（……负责）
out of question（毫疑问）——out of the question（）
at table（吃饭吃饭时）——at the table（桌子旁边）
介词意义
know sb认识某—— know about sb解某
shoot sb击中某—— shoot at sb某射击
search sb搜身—— search for sb搜寻某
believe sb相信某话—— believe in sb信某格
benefit sb某受益—— benefit from sb某里益处
画蛇添足误加介词
serve the people民服务（容易serve加for）
enter the room进入房间（容易enter加into）
follow me面（容易follow加behind）
marry sb某结婚（容易marry加with）
go abroad出国（容易go面加to）
live upstairs住楼（容易live面加 in）
母语思维误介词
be caught in the rain雨淋着（by）
leave for some place动身某（to）
set an example to sb某树立榜样（for）
in the direction着……方（to）
do a favor for sb帮某忙（to）
different from……（with）
with the help of……帮助（under）
steal sth from sb偷某东西（of）
read sth to sb（）……读（念）……（for）
难点释疑
常介词辨异
1 aboutonof 关
①on慎重正式语言交际场合常见＂学术＂＂文＂＂演说＂等题目供专门研究问题阅读＂＂意
②about表示容普遍正式＂述＂意
③of作＂关＂讲表示提涉某（事）时表示事情存发生涉详情时about意义相时意义常动词knowhearlearn（听说）speaktalkthinktell等连
2 exceptexcept forexcept thatbutbesidesbeside
①except＂……外＂指包括……面常接名词代词（称代词常宾格）接介词短语副词动词定式时相but定式常带to
②except for＂＂意思except样指说明基情况细节加修正面常接名词性短语
③except that＂＂意思exceptexcept for样法常接名词性句接whenwhere等词引导句
④but含＂……外＂意思except明确but代词（定代词否定代词疑问代词）
⑤besides表示＂……外＂排事物常包括述范围外besides作副词相also＂加况＂意
⑥beside介词表示＂附＂形似besides容易相互混淆
果区前类词语时except否except for
3 includingincluded
①including介词意＂包括＂般放包括象前面
②included分词意＂包括＂般动语态中放包括象面
4 inlaterduring 时段名词搭配
①in作介词时段名词搭配＂in + 时段名词＂般时
②later表示＂……＂常时段名词搭配＂时段名词 + later＂常时连
③during作介词时时段名词搭配＂during + 时段名词＂常现时时等连
5 inwithby
①with通常指＂＂具体形工具器官等时表示＂＂某种手段音调等
②by作介词表示＂＂时般指＂＂方式手段等面常接动名词名词面接名词时该名词前面般加修饰语
③in指＂＂语言字体墨水体裁风格方式现金序等
二介词省略
1 表示时间词前thisthatnextlasteveryeachsomeanyall等时介词常省略
Come any day you like 想天天
2 表示时间名词前定冠词定冠词作＂……＂解时前面介词
An apple a day keeps the doctor away 天吃苹果医生找
3 惯搭配中介词省略
常动词名词形容词搭配介词常省略常见类搭配：spend moneytime (in) doing sthwaste moneytime (in) doing sthhave difficultytrouble (in) doing sthbe busy doing sthstopprevent sb (from) doing sth等
三介词遗漏情况
1 含物动词定式形容词easyharddifficultcomfortable等作状语构成定式动词句子语存动宾关系语定式动作发生点时介词遗漏
The chair is comfortable to sit onin 椅子坐着舒服
The man is difficult to work with 难事
2 非谓语动词表示动意义时相关介词省略
The problem is well worth paying attention to 问题值关注
3 动语态中动词短语中介词遗漏
Your pronunciation should be paid attention to 应该注意发音
4 定语句中句谓语先行词构成动宾关系句谓语物动词时必须加介词
The library which we often go to is not far away from our school 常图书馆离学校远
5 tootoenough toso as to等结构中含物动词定式作结果状语构成定式动词物动词该动词语构成动宾关系语定式动作发生点时介词遗漏
The ice is too thin to skate on 冰太薄面滑
题组 基础关
单句改错
1 I lent to her some money in order that she could go for a holiday
_________________________________________________________________________
2 Joe wasted a lot time before he got down to work
_________________________________________________________________________
3 The biggest problem was in that almost all communication systems were destroyed
_________________________________________________________________________
4 Only a few months ago this area suffered by the worst drought in a century
_________________________________________________________________________
5 It was very kind for them to invite me to visit their country
_________________________________________________________________________
6 Appreciate and honor what you have instead focusing on what you do not
_________________________________________________________________________
7 The boy wanted to join in the army but was turned down because he was under age
_________________________________________________________________________
8 I just couldn’t laugh to his jokes the way I used to
_________________________________________________________________________
题组二 力提升
I单项填空
1This experience teaches me a lesson Never judge a person simply ________ the first impression
Ain the form of B with the help of
C on the basis of Din case of
2It was quite________ me why people preferred to go to the island on such a cold night
A against B over
C beyond D above
3 ________ our disagreements we have been able to find some common ground
A Beyond B For
C Despite D By
4Sometimes it’s tough to get off the couch and go for a run With so many digital devices at your fingertips how can you possibly keep________
Ain turn Bin shape
Cin return Din charge
5I feel that one of my main duties ________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners
A for B like
Cas D with
6These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen
A in memory of B in response to
C in touch with D in possession of
7Most people work because it’s unavoidable there are some people who actually enjoy work
A As a result B In addition
C By contrast D In conclusion
8A common memory they all have_______ their school days is the school uniform
A of B on C to D with
9Human life is regarded as part of nature and as such the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature
A in view of B in need of
Cin touch with D in harmony with
10Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison
A thanks to B regardless of
C aside from D but for
II语篇填空
As I walked __1__the city streetsI passed a young man searching through a small block of land that contained a mix of leaves and rubbish I was somewhat puzzled why someone __2__him would be searching through rubbish Finding this a little oddI asked him＂What are you searching __3__？＂ He replied very simply that he was looking for money
After talking __4__him for a little longerI found out that he had become homeless after getting laid __5__ from his job Since thenhe had been working __6__ parttime jobs in a doctor＇s office and in a food bank to earn some money But he made so little that he lost heart The man seemed fairly talentedalthough he was a little dirty
I told him that our thoughts create our realityand I suggested that he not give __7__ and think __8__ a positive way During the whole talkwhat I stressed was that he was young and that everything was possible Although he didn＇t respond __9__ the spotmy sense told me that what I said seemed to have an effect __10__ him
题组三 体验真题
1（2019·浙江卷·语法填空）But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ___61___ this question is not clear
2 （2018·新课标卷II·完形填空）I still can’t believe what a coincidence it was I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son
A on board B in time C for sure D on purpose
3 （2018·新课标卷II·短文改错）They would say to me that playing card games would help my brain Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes
4 （2018·北京卷·单项填空） —Good morning Mr Lee’s office
—Good morning I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon
A for B on C in D at
5 （2018·江苏卷·单项填空）China’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally
A in line with B in reply to
C in return for D in honour of
6（2018·天津卷·单项填空） Bob thought he couldn＇t go to the party because he had to write a report but he went ___________
A at first B after all
C above all D at random
6（2017·天津·单项填空）We offer an excellent education to our students ___________ we expect students to work hard
A On average B At best
C In return D After all
7（2017·天津·完形填空）… My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise 50000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger
A in search of B in need of
C in place of D in support of
8 （2017·新课标I卷·语法填空）There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt This trend which was started by the medical community（医学界） a method of fighting heart disease has had some unintended side (effects) (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight
9 （2017·新课标I卷·短文改错）It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road
10 （2017·新课标II卷·短文改错）They have also bought for some gardening tools beside they often get some useful information from the internet
11 （2017·新课标卷III·语法填空）I was searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I＇d been observing
12（2017·北京·单项填空）Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry
A at B in C on D by
13（2017·江苏·单项填空）Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival
A in contrast to B in defense of
C in face of D in relation to
14 （2017·北京·单项填空）When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California you will be ___________ trees that are over 1000 years old
A among B against C behind D below
15 （2017·新课标II卷·语法填空）It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __crowds__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work
题组基础关
单句改错
1 掉to
解析句意：钱便度假动词lend接双宾语to余
2 time 前加of
解析句意：乔开始工作前浪费少时间a lot of固定法意＂许＂接数名词复数形式数名词注意：a lot副词短语表程度
3 掉in
解析句意：难题通讯系统破坏根语境句子结构知句中that引导表语句
4 by → from
解析句意：仅月前区遭受次世纪严重旱灾suffer from固定法意＂忍受遭受＂
5 for → of
解析句意：邀请访问国家＂ It’s kind of sb to do sth＂固定句型注意：＂It iswas + adj +offor sb to do＂句型中形容词easyharddifficultpossibleimportantnecessary等时介词for形容词描述品德特征kindpolitenicewisecleversillyfoolish等时介词of
6 instead加of
解析句意：感激尊重拥注意力放没东西instead of 复合介词意＂＂
7 掉 in
解析句意：男孩想参军年纪拒绝join表示＂参加加入(某组织)＂时 面加介词in表示＂参加(某项活动)＂时加 in
8 第to → at
解析句意：前样讲笑话发笑laugh at固定搭配意＂嘲笑……发笑＂
题组二力提升
I单项填空
1C 解析考查介词短语辨析in the form of＂……形式＂with the help of＂……帮助＂on the basis of ＂……基础＂in case of＂果假＂结合语境知选C
2C 解析考查介词句意：理解什愿意样冷晚登岛against＂反＂over＂翻越……面＂above＂……面超＂均符合句意be beyond sb＂某法理解＂符合句意选C
3C 解析考查介词法句意：存分歧找点despite＂＂符合句意
4B 解析考查介词短语辨析句意：时难沙发站起稍微活动手边数码设备保持健康呢？in shape＂健康＂符合句意in turn＂轮流相应＂in return
＂作回报＂in charge＂负责＂
5C 解析句意：觉作教师职责帮助学生成更学者as作介词＂作＂意思符合语境
6B 解析句意：评某常新闻问问题回应in memory of纪念 in response to回应 in touch with联系in possession of拥分析句子成分知道空格处充介词短语作状语作根常识句意评应该问题回应答案B
7C 解析句意：工作避免相反确喜欢工作根前意思知道前表示As a result意结果In addition 意外 By contrast意相反 In conclusion意结＂避免＂表述种奈说工作句表达＂事实喜欢工作＂ ＂喜欢＂＂＂刚构成种否定选C
8A 解析考查介词辨析of关表示属关系 on表示…… to表示 with表示……起句意：关学校记忆校服have a memory of……记忆固定短语选A
9D 解析考查短语辨析 in view of……眼里 in need of需 in touch with……接触 In harmony with……谐相处四短语面应该接名词该句意思：生活然部分生存唯方法然谐相处根句意选D
10D 解析句意：爱迪生发明天身边享东西复存thanks to ＂亏＂具强迷惑性题干改成＂_____ Thomas Edison now we can benefit from many of the things around us＂选A项B项＂顾＂C项＂＂D项＂＂常隐藏式（含蓄式）虚拟条件句选D项
II语篇填空
1alongdown 2like 3for 4with 5off
6on 7up 8in 9on 10on
题组三体验真题
1to 解析考查介词句意：问题答案清楚the keyanswer to 固定搭配……答案……填to
2 B 解析考查介词词组词义辨析高兴时帮助子A on board船B in time时C for sure肯定D on purpose目选B项切题
3for改with 解析考查介词play the games with sb表示某块玩游戏for改with
4A 解析考查介词句意：——早Lee先生办公室——早想预约周三午（Mr Lee见面）make an appointment for意……预约固定搭配A选项正确
5A 解析考查介词短语词义辨析语境理解句意：中国软实力增长日俱增全球中国赏识理解相致A in line with致B in reply to答复C in return for作 报酬D in honour of纪念选A
6B 解析考查介词短语辨析语境理解句意：鲍勃认参加聚会写份报告终究A at first起初B after all毕竟终究C above all首先D at random便根前面转折连词知前面情况相反选B
6C 解析句意：学生提供极教育作回报期学生努力学A 均起般说B 充量C 作回报D 毕竟终究根句意选C
7 D 解析根文raise 50000知处表示＂支持三十年前结束饥饿创办项活动＂A 寻找B 需C 代D 支持选D
8as 考查介词句意：趋势初始医学界作种抗心脏病方法as表示＂作……身份＂填as
9第处：suddenly改sudden 考查形容词句意：紧急刹车suddenly副词表示＂意外忽然＂sudden形容词表示＂突然迅速＂修饰名词stop形容词suddenly改suddena sudden stop表示＂急刹车＂
第二处：on改of 考查介词分析语境知处表示＂路中间急刹车＂on the road表示＂路＂the middle of the road表示＂路中央＂强调＂the middle＂on改of
10第处：for掉：考查动词bought物动词需介词for掉
第二处：beside改besides：考查连接词beside介词＂……旁边＂里需连接词beside改besides
11for 解析考查动词短语搭配search for固定搭配表示寻找表示寻找研究三西部低猩猩
12B 解析句意：许住海边渔业谋生处介词inbyby面通常接做什事情谋生处指捕鱼行业里行业里谋生in选B
13D 解析考查介词短语A in contrast to截然B in defense of……辩护C in face of面D in relation to……关句意：根周围环境辨方位然生存项极重技选D
14A 解析句意：开车穿加利福尼亚红木森林时会穿梭超千年历史树木间be among 位……间be against 反be behind ……面be below……根句意选A
15from解析考查介词to and from回填from
文档香网(httpswwwxiangdangnet)户传
《香当网》用户分享的内容，不代表《香当网》观点或立场，请自行判断内容的真实性和可靠性！
该内容是文档的文本内容，更好的格式请下载文档